云南曲靖盆地浅层气藏地震储层预测及勘探前景分析
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摘要
云南曲靖盆地茨营组气藏埋深300~450 m,属超浅埋深岩性气藏。主力储层属高孔中渗储层,为三角洲平原相河道边滩沉积的中细砂岩,横向变化极快。因前期尚未形成具有较强针对性的地震储层预测技术系列,导致勘探开发成功率低。通过储层物性及波阻抗特征分析、地震模型正演与储层地震响应特征分析,建立了"丘型或透镜状、低频强波谷振幅、低阻抗"有利储层预测模式。利用地震相及地震属性分析技术手段,预测出有利沉积相带分布,有效排除了泥岩及煤层陷阱。通过AVO特征分析,应用多子波分解技术,建立了"Ⅲ类AVO、低频强/高频弱"含气储层识别模式,预测了含气储层分布。综合储层预测与含气性预测成果,对岩性圈闭进行了综合评价,发现多个有利岩性圈闭,预测结果被实钻验证,勘探成功率明显提高。云南新近系盆地分布广、数量大,勘探潜力大,本次所形成的地震储层预测技术系列可望为该类气藏勘探开发提供借鉴。
The gas reservoir of Ciying Formation in Qujing basin is a typical lithologic gas reservoir with super-shallow burial depth of 300-450 m.The major reservoir has high porosity and moderate permeability,and its lithology is medium-fine sandstone in point bar of delta plain facies and shows very rapid lateral change.As no specific seismic reservoir prediction technologies are available before,success rate of exploration and development was low.Based on analyses of reservoir physical properties and wave impedance characteristics,forward modeling and seismic response,we established a reservoir prediction model,i.e.,mound or lenticular low frequency strong wave trough impedance and low impedance.It was successfully used to predict the distribution of favorable sedimentary facies through analyses of seismic facies and seismic attribute.The interpretation traps of mudstone and coal seam were effectively eliminated.By AVO analyses and multi-wavelet decomposition,a gas reservoir identification model,i.e.,type-Ⅲ AVO,strong low frequency and weak high-frequency was built and applied to predict the distribution of gas reservoirs.The reservoir and gas potential prediction results are integrated to comprehensively evaluate lithologic traps.Several favorable lithologic traps are discovered and successfully verified by drilling,significantly improving exploration success rate.The Neogene basins are widely distributed in Yunnan Province and have great exploration potentials,but are still underexplored by now.The technique of seismic reservoir prediction can be applied for exploration and development of similar gas reservoirs.
The gas reservoir of Ciying Formation in Qujing basin is a typical lithologic gas reservoir with super-shallow burial depth of 300-450 m.The major reservoir has high porosity and moderate permeability,and its lithology is medium-fine sandstone in point bar of delta plain facies and shows very rapid lateral change.As no specific seismic reservoir prediction technologies are available before,success rate of exploration and development was low.Based on analyses of reservoir physical properties and wave impedance characteristics,forward modeling and seismic response,we established a reservoir prediction model,i.e.,mound or lenticular low frequency strong wave trough impedance and low impedance.It was successfully used to predict the distribution of favorable sedimentary facies through analyses of seismic facies and seismic attribute.The interpretation traps of mudstone and coal seam were effectively eliminated.By AVO analyses and multi-wavelet decomposition,a gas reservoir identification model,i.e.,type-Ⅲ AVO,strong low frequency and weak high-frequency was built and applied to predict the distribution of gas reservoirs.The reservoir and gas potential prediction results are integrated to comprehensively evaluate lithologic traps.Several favorable lithologic traps are discovered and successfully verified by drilling,significantly improving exploration success rate.The Neogene basins are widely distributed in Yunnan Province and have great exploration potentials,but are still underexplored by now.The technique of seismic reservoir prediction can be applied for exploration and development of similar gas reservoirs.
引文
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[10]许杰,何治亮,董宁,等.鄂尔多斯盆地大牛地气田盒3段河道砂岩相控储层预测[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(6):692-696.Xu Jie,He Zhiliang,Dong Ning,et al.Facies-constrained res-ervoir predicton of P1h3channel sandstone in Daniudi gasfield,the Ordos Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(6):692-696.
[11]董宁,刘振峰,周小鹰,等.鄂尔多斯盆地致密碎屑岩储层地震识别及预测[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,29(5):668-675.Dong Ning,Liu Zhenfeng,Zhou Xiaoying,et al.Seismic de-tection and prediction of tight gas reservoirs in the Ordos Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2009,29(5):668-675.
[12]崔永谦,秦凤启,卢永和,等.河流相沉积储层地震精细预测方法研究与应用[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(5):668-672.Cui Yongqian,Qin Fengqi,Lu Yonghe,et al.Research andapplication of detailed seismic prediction in fluvial reservoirs[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(5):668-672.
[13]唐军.浅层气藏预测识别技术——以陈家庄凸起陈气12井区为例[J].油气地质与采收率,2008,25(4):52-54.Tang Jun.Shallowgas reservoir predicton technique-an examplefrom chenqi 12 wells location in Chenjiazhuang bulge[J].Pe-troleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2008,25(4):52-54.
[14]赵爽,李仲东,许红梅,等.多子波分解技术检测含煤砂岩储层[J].天然气工业,2007,27(9):44-47.Zhao Shuang,Li Zhongdong,Xu Hongmei,et al.Applicationof multi-wavelet decomposition technology on detection of coalysand reservoir[J].Natural Gas Industry,2007,27(9):44-47.
[2]陈义才,沈忠民,罗小平,等.保山盆地上第三系烃源岩地化特征及气源潜力评价[J].断块油气田,2008,15(1):5-8.Chen Yicai,Shen Zhongmin,Luo Xiaoping,et al.Evaluationof geochemical characteristics of hydrocarbon source rock andgas-generating potential in Upper Tertiary,Baoshan Basin[J].Fault-Block Oil and Gas Field,2008,15(1):5-8.
[3]杨云岭,孙怀福,王忠怀.“亮点”问题研究及其在东营凹陷周边浅层气勘探中的应用[J].石油物探,1991,30(1):39-49.Yang Yunling,Sun Huaifu,Wangzhonghuai.Research of“bright spot”question and application on shallowgas reservoirexploration around Dongying Depression[J].Geophsical Pros-pecting for Petroleum,1991,30(1):39-49.
[4]吕儒明,陈宗太,陈明瞩,等.伍佳明陆良盆地陆9块上第三系茨营组地震相研究[J].石油天然气学报,2005,27(5):566-568.Lv Ruming,Chen Zongtai,Chen Mingshu,et al.Seismic faciesresearch on Ciying formation in Luliang Upper Tertiary basin[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2005,27(5):566-568.
[5]唐建明.杨军.张哨楠.川西坳陷中、浅层气藏储层识别技术[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(6):879-893.Tang Jianming,Yang Jun,Zhang Shaonan.Recognition ofshallow-middle gas reservoirs in western Sichuan depression[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2006,27(6):879-893.
[6]黎家盆.川西浅层储层地震“低频、强振幅”形成机理及陷井分析[J].物探化探计算技术,2003,25(3):193-196.Li Jiapen.The mechanism and trap of“lowfrequency and highamplitude”on shallow gas sandston in western Sichuan[J].Computing Techniques for Geophysical ans Geochemical Explo-ration,2003,25(3):193-196.
[7]叶泰然.基于波形的波阻抗特征识别技术在川西气田储层预测中的应用[J].石油物探,2005,44(6):632-635.Ye Tairan.Application of impedence character recognition tech-nique on reservoir prediction based on wave shape in westernSichuan gas field[J].Geophsical Prospecting for Petroleum,2005,44(6):632-635.
[8]唐建明.川西坳陷致密非均质气藏储层空间展布刻划[J].天然气工业,2002,22(4):19-23.Tang Jianming.Description of tight gas reservoir space distribu-tion in western Sichuan depression[J].Natural Gas Industry,2002,22(4):19-23.
[9]叶泰然,苏锦义,刘兴艳.分频解释技术在川西砂岩储层预测中的应用[J].石油物探,2008,47(1):72-76.Ye Tairan,Su Jingyi,Liu Xingyan.Application of decomposi-tion technique on sand reservoir prediction in western Sichuanbasin[J].Geophsical Prospecting for Petroleum,2008,47(1):72-76.
[10]许杰,何治亮,董宁,等.鄂尔多斯盆地大牛地气田盒3段河道砂岩相控储层预测[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(6):692-696.Xu Jie,He Zhiliang,Dong Ning,et al.Facies-constrained res-ervoir predicton of P1h3channel sandstone in Daniudi gasfield,the Ordos Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(6):692-696.
[11]董宁,刘振峰,周小鹰,等.鄂尔多斯盆地致密碎屑岩储层地震识别及预测[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,29(5):668-675.Dong Ning,Liu Zhenfeng,Zhou Xiaoying,et al.Seismic de-tection and prediction of tight gas reservoirs in the Ordos Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2009,29(5):668-675.
[12]崔永谦,秦凤启,卢永和,等.河流相沉积储层地震精细预测方法研究与应用[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(5):668-672.Cui Yongqian,Qin Fengqi,Lu Yonghe,et al.Research andapplication of detailed seismic prediction in fluvial reservoirs[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(5):668-672.
[13]唐军.浅层气藏预测识别技术——以陈家庄凸起陈气12井区为例[J].油气地质与采收率,2008,25(4):52-54.Tang Jun.Shallowgas reservoir predicton technique-an examplefrom chenqi 12 wells location in Chenjiazhuang bulge[J].Pe-troleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2008,25(4):52-54.
[14]赵爽,李仲东,许红梅,等.多子波分解技术检测含煤砂岩储层[J].天然气工业,2007,27(9):44-47.Zhao Shuang,Li Zhongdong,Xu Hongmei,et al.Applicationof multi-wavelet decomposition technology on detection of coalysand reservoir[J].Natural Gas Industry,2007,27(9):44-47.
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