无人机影像数字处理及在地震灾区重建中的应用
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摘要
为解决多云雾地区卫星遥感数据难以实时获取的问题,考虑到无人机低空遥感影像分辨率高、灵活性好等特点,探讨了无人机影像的获取及数字处理方法.探讨了影像三维可视化过程,并针对汶川地震灾区重建规划设计的需要,将重建规划设计模型直接引入三维地理信息系统环境.实验结果表明:与卫星遥感数据相比,无人机获取的影像在三维可视化中能提供更详细、更丰富的几何和语义信息;采用设计模型与三维地形景观相结合的技术,能实时再现设计成果,避免复杂环境下二维图形带来的思维局限性和片面性,提高设计效果的真实表现力.
In order to solve the difficulty in real-time acquisition of remote sensing data in multi-cloud regions,acquisition and digital processing methods of UAV(unmanned aerial vehicle) remote sensing images were discussed on the basis of the characteristics of high image resolution and good flexibility of low-altitude UAV remote sensing,and a three-dimensional image visualization process was discussed.For the reconstruction planning and design needs of Wenchuan earthquake-hit areas,the model designed for the reconstruction was introduced into the environment of a three-dimension geographic information system directly.The experimental results show that compared with satellite remote sensing data,UAV remote sensing images can provide rich geometric and semantic information in three-dimensional visualization.Combination of a design model and three-dimensional terrain scene can reproduce the design results in real-time,avoid the limitation and one-sidedness of the thinking brought about by two-dimensional graphics in a complex environment,and improve the true expression of design effects.
In order to solve the difficulty in real-time acquisition of remote sensing data in multi-cloud regions,acquisition and digital processing methods of UAV(unmanned aerial vehicle) remote sensing images were discussed on the basis of the characteristics of high image resolution and good flexibility of low-altitude UAV remote sensing,and a three-dimensional image visualization process was discussed.For the reconstruction planning and design needs of Wenchuan earthquake-hit areas,the model designed for the reconstruction was introduced into the environment of a three-dimension geographic information system directly.The experimental results show that compared with satellite remote sensing data,UAV remote sensing images can provide rich geometric and semantic information in three-dimensional visualization.Combination of a design model and three-dimensional terrain scene can reproduce the design results in real-time,avoid the limitation and one-sidedness of the thinking brought about by two-dimensional graphics in a complex environment,and improve the true expression of design effects.
引文
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[2]齐敏,郝重阳,佟明安.三维地形生成及实时显示技术研究进展[J].中国图象图形学报:A版,2000,5(4):260-275.QI Min,HAO Chongyang,TONG Mingan.The researchdevelopment of 3D terrain generation and real-timedisplay techniques[J].Journal of Image and Graphics:Edition A,2000,5(4):260-275.
[3]戴丽君,卫海燕.基于ARCINFO及ERDAS的地形景观图的制作[J].山东师范大学学报:自然科学版,2006,21(2):72-75.DAI Lijun,WEI Haiyan.The facture of three-dimen-sional landform landscape map based on ARCINFO andERDAS[J].Journal of Shandong Normal University:Natural Science,2006,21(2):72-75.
[4]杨润,刘悦翠.三维GIS和3DMAX相结合制作园林地形场景的应用[J].安徽农业科学,2008,36(2):550-553.YANG Run,LIU Yuecui.Application of combined GISand 3DMAX in design of landscape terrain scenes[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2008,36(2):550-553.
[5]JANNE H,OLLI S.A four-step camera calibrationprocedure with implicit image correction[C]∥ComputerSociety Conference on Computer Vision and PatternRecognition.Oulo:IEEE Press,1997:1106-1112.
[6]张祖勋.正射投影技术[M].北京:测绘出版社,1981:42-44.
[7]朱肇光,孙护,崔炳光.摄影测量学[M].北京:测绘出版社,1995:221-224.
[8]李志林,朱庆.数字高程模型[M].武汉:武汉测绘科技大学出版社,2000:105-108.
[9]张永军.无人驾驶飞艇低空遥感影像的几何处理[J].武汉大学学报:信息科学版,2009,34(3):284-288.ZHANG Yongjun.Geometric processing of low altituderemote sensing images captured by unmanned airship[J].Geomatics and Information Science of WuhanUniversity,2009,34(3):284-288.
[10]党安荣,史慧珍,何新东,等.基于3S技术的土地利用动态变化研究[J].清华大学学报:自然科学版,2003,43(10):1408-1411.DANG Anrong,SHI Huizhen,HE Xindong,et al.Dynamic variation of land use based on 3S technology[J].Journal of Tsinghua University:Science andTechnology,2003,43(10):1408-1411.
[11]宫辉力,张弘芬.3S技术与应用[J].科技术语研究,2000,2(1):38-41.GONG Huili,ZHANG Hongfen.3S technology andapplica-tion[J].Chinese Science and TechnologyTerms Journal,2000,2(1):38-41.
[12]顾杰,王建弟,周斌,等.三维GIS技术在景观规划设计中的应用——以杭州“西湖西进”后景观区域为例[J].地域研究与开发,2003,22(5):10-13.GUJie,WANG Jiandi,ZHOUBin,et al.The utilitiesof 3DGIS in landscape planning and design[J].ArealResearch and Development,2003,22(5):10-13.
[13]MUHAR A.Three-dimensional modeling and visua-lization of vegetation for landscape simulation[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2001,54(4):5-17.
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