都江堰—汶川公路边坡地震破坏模式研究
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摘要
汶川特大地震发生后,都江堰至汶川公路两侧地质灾害尤为发育,先后多次完全中断震中生命线的交通,严重影响了公路的安全运行和灾后重建的顺利进行。通过汶川地震前后都江堰-汶川公路边坡现场调查资料对比分析,研究了该地段边坡的主要地质灾害类型及其破坏模式、易发性分区和防治建议。研究表明破坏类型主要为碎屑流式、碎裂滑移崩塌,剪断-溃滑型、拉裂-溃滑型、顺层溃滑型滑坡和沟谷型泥石流。都汶公路两侧的边坡灾害以崩塌为主,滑坡、泥石流次之。地震使区内泥石流暴发的频率和规模增大,特大型泥石流主要发生在映秀-北川断裂带的地震烈度较高区域。防治此类地质灾害,应以治理为主,预防和避让相结合。
Geological hazards induced by the Wenchuan Ms.8.0 earthquake along the Dujiangyan to Wenchuan Highway are especially severe and have serious effect on the safe riding along the highway and reconstructions.In order to prevent and reduce disasters effectively,main failure modes of slope,geohazard susceptibility distribution section and prevention suggestions in the area have been studied on the basis of the field investigations and statistic analysis of available data.The results show that main damage types are of debris flow to collapse and cataclastic rocks to collapses,tension-sliding type and plane sliding and shearing sliding to slides,V-shaped debris flows along the slope area.The characteristics of seismic geological disasters are avalanches,landslide and debris flow.Earthquake zone of debris,large scale increasing frequency and mudslides occurs mainly in Yingxiu-Beichuan fault of earthquake intensity is relatively high.Prevention of those kinds of failure slope should follow the principles of taking prevention measures first and then leaving enough buffer space.
Geological hazards induced by the Wenchuan Ms.8.0 earthquake along the Dujiangyan to Wenchuan Highway are especially severe and have serious effect on the safe riding along the highway and reconstructions.In order to prevent and reduce disasters effectively,main failure modes of slope,geohazard susceptibility distribution section and prevention suggestions in the area have been studied on the basis of the field investigations and statistic analysis of available data.The results show that main damage types are of debris flow to collapse and cataclastic rocks to collapses,tension-sliding type and plane sliding and shearing sliding to slides,V-shaped debris flows along the slope area.The characteristics of seismic geological disasters are avalanches,landslide and debris flow.Earthquake zone of debris,large scale increasing frequency and mudslides occurs mainly in Yingxiu-Beichuan fault of earthquake intensity is relatively high.Prevention of those kinds of failure slope should follow the principles of taking prevention measures first and then leaving enough buffer space.
引文
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[7]胡卸文,吕小平,黄润秋,等.唐家山堰塞湖大水沟泥石流发育特征及堵江危害性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(4):850-858.[HU X W,LU X P,HUANG R Q,et al.Developmental featuresand evaluation of blocking dangers of Dashui ditchdebris flow in Tangjiashan dammed lake[J].ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engneering,2009,28(4):850-858.(in Chinese)]
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[9]Leyton F,Ruiz S,Sepulveda A.Preliminary re-evaluation of probabilistic seismic hazard assessmentin Chile:from Arica to Taitao Peninsula[J].Advances in Geosciences,2009,22:147-153.
[2]骆耀南.中华人民共和国区域地质调查报告1︰5万幅(映秀幅H-48-27-D,都江堰幅H-48-28-C)[R].成都:四川省地质矿产局技术报告,1996.[LUO Y L.China regional geological surveyreport 1:5 million(Yingxiu picture H-48-27-D,Dujiangyan picture H-48-28-C)[R].Chengdu:T R of Bureau of geological and minerals resources inSichuan province,1996.(in Chinese)]
[3]李前银.国道213线都江堰至汶川公路抢通保通工程地质灾害应急调查报告[R].成都:四川省地质矿产勘查开发局,成都理工大学,四川省地质环境监测总站,四川省国土资源厅技术报告,2008.[LI Q Y.The geo-hazards emergency investigationreport of Dujiangyan to Wenchuan section rescue andprevation project at No.213 national highway[R].Chengdu:T R of Sichuan Bureau of Geology andMineral Resources,Chengdu University ofTechnology,Sichuan Geological Circumstance InspectCenter,Land and Resource Department of SichuanProvince,2008.(in Chinese)]
[4]许强,黄润秋.5.12汶川大地震诱发大型崩滑灾害动力特征初探[J].工程地质学报,2008,16(6):721-729.[XU Q,HUANG R Q.Kineticscharacteristics of large landlides triggered by may 12thWenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of engineeringgeology,2008,16(6):721-729.(in Chinese)]
[5]Masami SAITO,Tohru ARAYA,FutoshiNAKAMURA.Sediment Production and StorageProcesses Associated with Earthquake-inducedLandslides in Okushiri Island,1993[J].SaboGakkaishi,2009,47(6):289-297.
[6]黄润秋.汶川地震地质灾害研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.[HUANG R Q.Geohazard Assessementof Wenchuan Eeathquke[M].Beijing:Science Press,2009.(in Chinese)]
[7]胡卸文,吕小平,黄润秋,等.唐家山堰塞湖大水沟泥石流发育特征及堵江危害性研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(4):850-858.[HU X W,LU X P,HUANG R Q,et al.Developmental featuresand evaluation of blocking dangers of Dashui ditchdebris flow in Tangjiashan dammed lake[J].ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engneering,2009,28(4):850-858.(in Chinese)]
[8]殷跃平.汶川八级地震地质灾害研究[J].工程地质学报,2008,16(4):433-444.[YIN Y P.Researchs on the geo-hazards triggered by Wenchuanearthquake[J].Journal of Engineering Geological,2008,16(4):433-444.(in Chinese)]
[9]Leyton F,Ruiz S,Sepulveda A.Preliminary re-evaluation of probabilistic seismic hazard assessmentin Chile:from Arica to Taitao Peninsula[J].Advances in Geosciences,2009,22:147-153.
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