构造控制型冲击地压的微地震监测预警研究与实践
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摘要
采用微震监测方法,研究了构造控制型冲击地压的分类和预警方法,提出了将构造控制型冲击地压分为增压和减压2种类型。当采掘工作面接近增压型构造时,微地震事件在构造附近将出现明显的"分区性",表明构造附近在积聚应力,可以作出危险性预报;当构造附近微地震事件能量不大,震动间隔较均匀,且能够随工作面推进向远处迁移,表明构造附近没有大量积聚应力,冲击危险性较小。在煤矿应用时,通过分析微震事件的动态特性、分布特性和能量耗散特性,确定预警危险区,采用钻孔法确定危险区的危险程度,最后作出危险性预警,为制定对策提供依据。本文的研究结果已在山东朝阳煤矿千米深井冲击煤层开采过程中得到了验证和应用。
By using microseismic(MS) monitoring methods,the classification and early warning methods of tectonic-controlled coal burst were studied.It was proposed that tectonic-controlled coal burst could be divided into two types:stress-increasing type and stress-decreasing type.If microseismic events occur in a limited zone while mining face advancing towards the tectonic zone,it means that mining stress is centralizing in this zone and the possibility of coal burst is increasing.If microseismic events occur in a large zone while mining face advancing towards the tectonic zone,it means that mining stress distributs in this zone and the possibility of coal burst is decreasing.Based on MS events’ dynamic feature,distribution rule and energy spread,the burst danger zones can be decided.By drilling detecting holes,the burst danger grades can ensured.This paper’s findings were verified and applied in Chaoyang Coal Mine,which was mining strong burst tendency seam at one kilometer mining depth.
By using microseismic(MS) monitoring methods,the classification and early warning methods of tectonic-controlled coal burst were studied.It was proposed that tectonic-controlled coal burst could be divided into two types:stress-increasing type and stress-decreasing type.If microseismic events occur in a limited zone while mining face advancing towards the tectonic zone,it means that mining stress is centralizing in this zone and the possibility of coal burst is increasing.If microseismic events occur in a large zone while mining face advancing towards the tectonic zone,it means that mining stress distributs in this zone and the possibility of coal burst is decreasing.Based on MS events’ dynamic feature,distribution rule and energy spread,the burst danger zones can be decided.By drilling detecting holes,the burst danger grades can ensured.This paper’s findings were verified and applied in Chaoyang Coal Mine,which was mining strong burst tendency seam at one kilometer mining depth.
引文
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[9]成云海,姜福兴,程九龙,等.关键层运动诱发矿震的微震探测初步研究[J].煤炭学报,2006,31(3):273-275.Cheng Yunhai,Jiang Fuxing,Cheng Jiulong,et al.The primary study on microseismic locating and monitoring technology of shock bump caused by key stratum movement[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2006,31(3):273-275.
[10]王存文,姜福兴,王平,等.煤柱诱发冲击地压的微震事件分布特征与力学机理[J].煤炭学报,2009,34(9):1169-1173.Wang Cunwen,Jiang Fuxing,Wang Ping,et al.Microseismic events distribution characteristics and mechanical mechanisms of rock bursting induced by a coal pillar[J].Journal of China Coal Socie-ty,2009,34(9):1169-1173.
[11]Ge M.Efficient mine microseismic monitoring[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2005,64:44-56.
[2]潘一山,孙步洲,章梦涛,等.断层冲击地压发生的理论与试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1998,17(6):642-649.Pan Yishan,Sun Buzhou,Zhang Mengtao,et al.The theoretical and testing study of fault rockburst[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechan-ics and Eengineering,1998,17(6):642-649.
[3]潘岳,刘英,顾善发.矿井断层冲击地压的折迭突变模型[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2001,20(1):43-48.Pan Yue,Liu Ying,Gu Shanfa.Fold catastrophe model of mining fault rockburst[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engi-neering,2001,20(1):43-48.
[4]Li Zhihua,Dou Linming,Lu Caiping,et al.Study on fault induced rock bursts[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technolo-gy,2008,18(3):321-326.
[5]刘士君.冲击地压的成因浅析[J].煤炭技术,2009,28(1):179-181.Liu Shijun.Causes and impact of pressure[J].Coal Technology,2009,28(1):179-181.
[6]姜福兴,杨淑华,成云海,等.煤矿冲击地压的微地震监测研究[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(5):1511-1516.Jiang Fuxing,Yang Shuhua,Cheng Yunhai,et al.A study on micro-seismic monitoring of rock burst in coal mine[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2006,49(5):1511-1516.
[7]汪华君,姜福兴,成云海,等.覆岩导水裂隙带高度的微地震(MS)监测研究[J].煤炭工程,2006(3):74-76.Wang Huajun,Jiang Fuxing,Cheng Yunhai,et al.Research on micro seismic monitoring and measuring at top level of water conducted cracking zone in overburden rock[J].Coal Engineering,2006(3):74-76.
[8]姜福兴,Xun Luo,杨淑华.采场覆岩空间破裂与采动应力场的微震探测研究[J].岩土工程学报,2003,25(1):23-25.Jiang Fuxing,Xun Luo,Yang Shuhua.Study on microseismic monito-ring for spatial structure of overlying strata and mining pressure field in longwall face[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2003,25(1):23-25.
[9]成云海,姜福兴,程九龙,等.关键层运动诱发矿震的微震探测初步研究[J].煤炭学报,2006,31(3):273-275.Cheng Yunhai,Jiang Fuxing,Cheng Jiulong,et al.The primary study on microseismic locating and monitoring technology of shock bump caused by key stratum movement[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2006,31(3):273-275.
[10]王存文,姜福兴,王平,等.煤柱诱发冲击地压的微震事件分布特征与力学机理[J].煤炭学报,2009,34(9):1169-1173.Wang Cunwen,Jiang Fuxing,Wang Ping,et al.Microseismic events distribution characteristics and mechanical mechanisms of rock bursting induced by a coal pillar[J].Journal of China Coal Socie-ty,2009,34(9):1169-1173.
[11]Ge M.Efficient mine microseismic monitoring[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2005,64:44-56.
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