青藏高原羌塘盆地基底结构与南北向变化——基于一条270km反射地震剖面的认识
摘要
通过收集并重新处理已有的反射地震剖面,获得了一条南北向横贯羌塘盆地主体的270km长反射地震剖面。剖面显示:羌塘盆地可能具有元古代的基底并且南羌塘盆地较北羌塘盆地深。在南、北羌塘地壳浅部(约0～3s)变形差异较大,北羌塘褶皱变形强烈,呈现出隆凹变形相间的格局,南羌塘则相对较平缓。羌塘中央隆起之下为连贯的弧形反射,其北侧发育一个深度达8km的半地堑构造,规模较大,可为油气资源储存提供有利空间。
By collecting and reprocessing current reflection seismic profiles,we get a 270km profile across the Qiangtang basin at S-N direction.Profile shows:there are probably Proterozoic basement in Qiangtang basin.The depth of the basement is changeable;it is deeper in South Qiangtang basin and shallower in North Qiangtang basin.Shallow crustal deformations(about 0～3s) are quite different between North Qiangtang and South Qiangtang.In North Qiangtang,there are strong fold deformations and alternating uplifts and depressions,and relatively flat in South Qiangtang.Continuous arc reflections were found beneath the central uplift of the Qiangtang terrane.There is an 8km-depth half graben on the north side where may be a benefit storage space for oil and gas resources.
By collecting and reprocessing current reflection seismic profiles,we get a 270km profile across the Qiangtang basin at S-N direction.Profile shows:there are probably Proterozoic basement in Qiangtang basin.The depth of the basement is changeable;it is deeper in South Qiangtang basin and shallower in North Qiangtang basin.Shallow crustal deformations(about 0～3s) are quite different between North Qiangtang and South Qiangtang.In North Qiangtang,there are strong fold deformations and alternating uplifts and depressions,and relatively flat in South Qiangtang.Continuous arc reflections were found beneath the central uplift of the Qiangtang terrane.There is an 8km-depth half graben on the north side where may be a benefit storage space for oil and gas resources.
引文
Chen L,Yi HS and Hu RZ.2003.The discovery of Jurassiccoccolithophore in Qiangtang area of northern Tibetan plateau and itssignificance.Earth Science Frontiers,10(4):613-618(inChinese with English abstract)
Ding WL,Li C,Su AG and He ZH.2011.Study on the comprehensivegeochemical cross section of Mesozoic marine source rocks andprediction of favorable hydrocarbon generation area in Qiangtangbasin,Tibet.Acta Petrologica Sinica,27(3):878-896(in Chinesewith English abstract)
Huang JJ.2001.Structural characteristics of the basement of theQiangtang basin.Acta Geologica Sinica,75(3):333-337(inChinese with English abstract)
Li C.2003.Qusetion about the basement of the Qiangtang micro-plate.49(1):4-9(in Chinese with English abstract)
Lu B,Liu CY,Liu Z and Li YT.2001.Basement formation andstructural features of the Qiangtang basin and their implications.Seismology and Geology,23(4):581-587(in Chinese with Englishabstract)
Lu ZW,Gao R,Xue AM,Kuang CY,Li QS,He RZ and Li PW.2006a.New seismic reflection profiles and basement structure inQiangtang basin,northern Tibet.Geology in China,33(2):286～289(in Chinese with English abstract)
Lu ZW,Gao R,Kuang CY,He RZ,Li PW and Zhu J.2006b.Acquisition technique test of2-D seismic survey in Qiangtang basinof Tibet.Earth Science Frontiers,13(5):382-390(in Chinesewith English abstract)
Lu ZW,Gao R,Li QS,He RZ,Kuang CY,Hou HS,Xiong XS,GuanY,Wang HY and Klemperer LS.2009.Test of deep seismicreflection profiling across central uplift of Qiangtang terrene inTibetan Plateau.Journal of Earth Science,20:438-447
Lu ZW,Gao R,Li QS,Kuang CY,Liu JK,Li PW,Guan Y,He RZand Wang HY.2009.A study of seismic reflection profiles and stackvelocities in Qiangtang basin,northern Tibet.Geology in China,36(3):377-681(in Chinese with English abstract)
Qin JZ.2006.Distribution of the main Mesozoic hydrocarbon source rocksin the Qiangtang basin of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau.PetroleumGeology&Experiment,28(2):134-146(in Chinese with Englishabstract)
Tan FW,Wang J,Fu XG,Chen M and Du BW.2009.U-Pb zirconSHRIMP age of metamorphic rocks from the basement of theQiangtang basin,northern Tibet,and its geological significance.Acta Petrologica Sinica,25(1):139-146(in Chinese with Englishabstract)
Wang CS,Yi HS,Li Y,Deng B,Liu DZ,Wang GZ,Shi H,Li YG,Ma RZ and Lin JH.2001.Geological Evolution of Qiangtang Basinand Oil-Gas Perspective.Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1-249(in Chinese with English abstract)
Wang J,Tan FW,Wang XL,Du BW and Chen M.2004.Thesedimentary and tectonic characteristics of Qiangtang basin in theearly Jurassic in northern Xizang(Tibet).Acta SedimentologicaSinica,22(2):198-205(in Chinese with English abstract)
Wu XH,Zhang L,Wang CS and Yi HS.2008.Characteristics of theMesozoic marine source rocks in the Qiangtang basin,Tibet.Oil&Gas Geology,29(3):348-354(in Chinese with English abstract)
Ye HF,Luo JN,Li YT,Tong ZY,Yu Q,Wang XL,Zhu TX and FengXT.2000.Tethyan tectonic domain and petroleum exploration.Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology,20(1):1-27(inChinese with English abstract)
Yin A and Harrison TM.2000.Geologic evolution of the Himalayan-Tibetan orogen.Ann.Rev.Earth Planet.Sci.,28:211-280
Zhao ZZ,Li YT,Ye HF and Zhang YW.2001.Petroleum Geology ofQiangtang Basin in Tibet.Beijing:Science Press,1-398(inChinese with English abstract)
陈兰,伊海生,胡瑞忠.2003.藏北羌塘地区侏罗纪颗石藻化石的发现及其意义.地学前缘,10(4):613-618
丁文龙,李超,苏爱国,何忠华.2011.西藏羌塘盆地中生界海相烃源岩综合地球化学剖面研究及有利生烃区预测.岩石学报,27(3):878-896
黄继钧.2001.羌塘盆地基底构造特征.地质学报,75(3):333-337
李才.2003.羌塘基底质疑.地质论评,49(1):4-9
卢占武,高锐,薛爱民,匡朝阳,李秋生,贺日政,李朋武.2006a.羌塘盆地石油地震反射新剖面及基底构造浅析.中国地质,33(2):286-289
卢占武,高锐,匡朝阳,贺日政,李朋武,朱军.2006b.青藏高原羌塘盆地二维地震数据采集方法试验研究.地学前缘,13(5):382-390
卢占武,高锐,李秋生,匡朝阳,刘金凯,李朋武,管烨,贺日政,王海燕.2009.藏北羌塘盆地反射地震剖面与叠加速度研究.中国地质,36(3):377-681
鲁兵,刘池阳,刘忠,李永铁.2001.羌塘盆地的基底组成、结构特征及其意义.地震地质,23(4):581-587
秦建中.2006.青藏高原羌塘盆地中生界主要烃源层分布特征.石油实验地质,28(2):134-146
谭富文,王剑,付修根,陈明,杜佰伟.2009.藏北羌塘盆地基底变质岩的锆石SHRIMP年龄及其地质意义.岩石学报,25(1):139-146
王成善,伊海生,李勇,邓斌,刘登忠,王国芝,石和,李佑国,马润则,林金辉.2001.羌塘盆地地质演化与油气远景评价.北京:地质出版社,1-249
王剑,谭富文,王小龙,杜佰伟,陈明.2004.藏北羌塘盆地早侏罗世-中侏罗世早期沉积构造特征.沉积学报,22(2):198-205
伍新和,张丽,王成善,伊海生.2008.西藏羌塘盆地中生界海相烃源岩特征.石油与天然气地质,29(3):348-354
叶和飞,罗建宁,李永铁,童箴言,余谦,王小龙,朱同兴,冯心涛.2000.特提斯构造域与油气勘探.沉积与特提斯地质,20(1):1-27
赵政璋,李永铁,叶和飞,张昱文.2001.青藏高原羌塘盆地石油地质.北京:科学出版社,1-398
Ding WL,Li C,Su AG and He ZH.2011.Study on the comprehensivegeochemical cross section of Mesozoic marine source rocks andprediction of favorable hydrocarbon generation area in Qiangtangbasin,Tibet.Acta Petrologica Sinica,27(3):878-896(in Chinesewith English abstract)
Huang JJ.2001.Structural characteristics of the basement of theQiangtang basin.Acta Geologica Sinica,75(3):333-337(inChinese with English abstract)
Li C.2003.Qusetion about the basement of the Qiangtang micro-plate.49(1):4-9(in Chinese with English abstract)
Lu B,Liu CY,Liu Z and Li YT.2001.Basement formation andstructural features of the Qiangtang basin and their implications.Seismology and Geology,23(4):581-587(in Chinese with Englishabstract)
Lu ZW,Gao R,Xue AM,Kuang CY,Li QS,He RZ and Li PW.2006a.New seismic reflection profiles and basement structure inQiangtang basin,northern Tibet.Geology in China,33(2):286～289(in Chinese with English abstract)
Lu ZW,Gao R,Kuang CY,He RZ,Li PW and Zhu J.2006b.Acquisition technique test of2-D seismic survey in Qiangtang basinof Tibet.Earth Science Frontiers,13(5):382-390(in Chinesewith English abstract)
Lu ZW,Gao R,Li QS,He RZ,Kuang CY,Hou HS,Xiong XS,GuanY,Wang HY and Klemperer LS.2009.Test of deep seismicreflection profiling across central uplift of Qiangtang terrene inTibetan Plateau.Journal of Earth Science,20:438-447
Lu ZW,Gao R,Li QS,Kuang CY,Liu JK,Li PW,Guan Y,He RZand Wang HY.2009.A study of seismic reflection profiles and stackvelocities in Qiangtang basin,northern Tibet.Geology in China,36(3):377-681(in Chinese with English abstract)
Qin JZ.2006.Distribution of the main Mesozoic hydrocarbon source rocksin the Qiangtang basin of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau.PetroleumGeology&Experiment,28(2):134-146(in Chinese with Englishabstract)
Tan FW,Wang J,Fu XG,Chen M and Du BW.2009.U-Pb zirconSHRIMP age of metamorphic rocks from the basement of theQiangtang basin,northern Tibet,and its geological significance.Acta Petrologica Sinica,25(1):139-146(in Chinese with Englishabstract)
Wang CS,Yi HS,Li Y,Deng B,Liu DZ,Wang GZ,Shi H,Li YG,Ma RZ and Lin JH.2001.Geological Evolution of Qiangtang Basinand Oil-Gas Perspective.Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1-249(in Chinese with English abstract)
Wang J,Tan FW,Wang XL,Du BW and Chen M.2004.Thesedimentary and tectonic characteristics of Qiangtang basin in theearly Jurassic in northern Xizang(Tibet).Acta SedimentologicaSinica,22(2):198-205(in Chinese with English abstract)
Wu XH,Zhang L,Wang CS and Yi HS.2008.Characteristics of theMesozoic marine source rocks in the Qiangtang basin,Tibet.Oil&Gas Geology,29(3):348-354(in Chinese with English abstract)
Ye HF,Luo JN,Li YT,Tong ZY,Yu Q,Wang XL,Zhu TX and FengXT.2000.Tethyan tectonic domain and petroleum exploration.Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology,20(1):1-27(inChinese with English abstract)
Yin A and Harrison TM.2000.Geologic evolution of the Himalayan-Tibetan orogen.Ann.Rev.Earth Planet.Sci.,28:211-280
Zhao ZZ,Li YT,Ye HF and Zhang YW.2001.Petroleum Geology ofQiangtang Basin in Tibet.Beijing:Science Press,1-398(inChinese with English abstract)
陈兰,伊海生,胡瑞忠.2003.藏北羌塘地区侏罗纪颗石藻化石的发现及其意义.地学前缘,10(4):613-618
丁文龙,李超,苏爱国,何忠华.2011.西藏羌塘盆地中生界海相烃源岩综合地球化学剖面研究及有利生烃区预测.岩石学报,27(3):878-896
黄继钧.2001.羌塘盆地基底构造特征.地质学报,75(3):333-337
李才.2003.羌塘基底质疑.地质论评,49(1):4-9
卢占武,高锐,薛爱民,匡朝阳,李秋生,贺日政,李朋武.2006a.羌塘盆地石油地震反射新剖面及基底构造浅析.中国地质,33(2):286-289
卢占武,高锐,匡朝阳,贺日政,李朋武,朱军.2006b.青藏高原羌塘盆地二维地震数据采集方法试验研究.地学前缘,13(5):382-390
卢占武,高锐,李秋生,匡朝阳,刘金凯,李朋武,管烨,贺日政,王海燕.2009.藏北羌塘盆地反射地震剖面与叠加速度研究.中国地质,36(3):377-681
鲁兵,刘池阳,刘忠,李永铁.2001.羌塘盆地的基底组成、结构特征及其意义.地震地质,23(4):581-587
秦建中.2006.青藏高原羌塘盆地中生界主要烃源层分布特征.石油实验地质,28(2):134-146
谭富文,王剑,付修根,陈明,杜佰伟.2009.藏北羌塘盆地基底变质岩的锆石SHRIMP年龄及其地质意义.岩石学报,25(1):139-146
王成善,伊海生,李勇,邓斌,刘登忠,王国芝,石和,李佑国,马润则,林金辉.2001.羌塘盆地地质演化与油气远景评价.北京:地质出版社,1-249
王剑,谭富文,王小龙,杜佰伟,陈明.2004.藏北羌塘盆地早侏罗世-中侏罗世早期沉积构造特征.沉积学报,22(2):198-205
伍新和,张丽,王成善,伊海生.2008.西藏羌塘盆地中生界海相烃源岩特征.石油与天然气地质,29(3):348-354
叶和飞,罗建宁,李永铁,童箴言,余谦,王小龙,朱同兴,冯心涛.2000.特提斯构造域与油气勘探.沉积与特提斯地质,20(1):1-27
赵政璋,李永铁,叶和飞,张昱文.2001.青藏高原羌塘盆地石油地质.北京:科学出版社,1-398
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