由汶川地震引发的对建筑结构抗震性能评定方法的思考
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摘要
从汶川特大地震的震调查中发现,大量建筑结构及其构件、节点在地震中破坏的原因是因为其变形能力的不足,即缺乏足够的延性性能。因此应当在设计中保证结构构件及节点有足够的延性,并且采用合理的结构形式和构造措施来保证结构的整体延性。结合丹东地区一栋钢筋混凝土框架结构的分析表明,对延性好的建筑结构的进行震性能评定应充分考虑到结构在地震作用下会发生较大的塑性变形,采用与延性系数相关的强度折减系数对其抗震承载能力要求进行折减,即应采用能力谱法,从而可以更加准确地评定建筑结构的抗震性能,也能为新结构的设计或既有结构的加固提供更为合理的理论依据。
In Wenchuan Earthquake,the reasons of the damage of many buildings,structural components,connections are due to lack of deformation capacity,the ductility of which is inadequate.In the design,the ductility of structural components,connections must be ensured;the integral ductility of structure would be assured with appropriate structural systems and reasonable construction measures.The analysis of a reinforcement concrete frame in Dandong indicates that structural plastic deformation of ductility structures in the earthquake should be considered for structural seismic performance assessment,the strength reduction factors related to ductility factors are used to reduce seismic bearing capacity demand,and capacity spectrum method is adopted to evaluate structural seismic performance more accurately.The above methods for structural seismic performance assessment are more reasonable analysis ways for new structures design and established structures reinforcement.
In Wenchuan Earthquake,the reasons of the damage of many buildings,structural components,connections are due to lack of deformation capacity,the ductility of which is inadequate.In the design,the ductility of structural components,connections must be ensured;the integral ductility of structure would be assured with appropriate structural systems and reasonable construction measures.The analysis of a reinforcement concrete frame in Dandong indicates that structural plastic deformation of ductility structures in the earthquake should be considered for structural seismic performance assessment,the strength reduction factors related to ductility factors are used to reduce seismic bearing capacity demand,and capacity spectrum method is adopted to evaluate structural seismic performance more accurately.The above methods for structural seismic performance assessment are more reasonable analysis ways for new structures design and established structures reinforcement.
引文
[1]孙爱伏,侯爽,林迟.汶川地震中都江堰市房屋建筑失效模式分析[J].大连理工大学学报,2009,49(5):731-738.
[2]吕西林,周德源,李思明,等.建筑结构抗震设计理论与实例[M].上海:同济大学出版社,2002:113-114.
[3]任晓崧,吕西林,李建中,等.5.12四川汶川地震后青川房屋应急评估中砖砌体房屋的震害情况初探[J].结构工程师,2008,24(3):3-8.
[4]霍林生,李宏男,肖诗云,等.汶川地震钢筋混凝土框架结构震害调查与启示[J].大连理工大学学报,2009,49(5):719-723.
[5]朱俊伟.大地震中不同建筑结构的表现[J].山西建筑,2009,35(31):51-52.
[6]Tomaz Vidic,Peter Fajfar,Matej Fischinger.Consistent inelas-tic design spectra:strength and displacement[J].EarthquakeEngineering and Structural Dynamics,1994,23(5):507-521.
[7]Anil K.Chopra,Rakesh K.Goel.Capacity demand diagrammethods based on inelastic design spectrum[J].EarthquakeSpectra,1999,15(4):637-656.
[8]Peter Fajfar.Capacity spectrum method based on inelastic de-mand spectra earthquake spectra[J].Earthquake Engineeringand Structural Dynamics,1999,28(9):979-993.
[9]Mazzoni S,McKenna F,Scott MH,et al.Open System forEarthquake Engineering Simulation User Command-LanguageManual(version 1.7.3)[R].Pacific Earthquake EngineeringResearch Center University of California,Berkeley,2006.
[2]吕西林,周德源,李思明,等.建筑结构抗震设计理论与实例[M].上海:同济大学出版社,2002:113-114.
[3]任晓崧,吕西林,李建中,等.5.12四川汶川地震后青川房屋应急评估中砖砌体房屋的震害情况初探[J].结构工程师,2008,24(3):3-8.
[4]霍林生,李宏男,肖诗云,等.汶川地震钢筋混凝土框架结构震害调查与启示[J].大连理工大学学报,2009,49(5):719-723.
[5]朱俊伟.大地震中不同建筑结构的表现[J].山西建筑,2009,35(31):51-52.
[6]Tomaz Vidic,Peter Fajfar,Matej Fischinger.Consistent inelas-tic design spectra:strength and displacement[J].EarthquakeEngineering and Structural Dynamics,1994,23(5):507-521.
[7]Anil K.Chopra,Rakesh K.Goel.Capacity demand diagrammethods based on inelastic design spectrum[J].EarthquakeSpectra,1999,15(4):637-656.
[8]Peter Fajfar.Capacity spectrum method based on inelastic de-mand spectra earthquake spectra[J].Earthquake Engineeringand Structural Dynamics,1999,28(9):979-993.
[9]Mazzoni S,McKenna F,Scott MH,et al.Open System forEarthquake Engineering Simulation User Command-LanguageManual(version 1.7.3)[R].Pacific Earthquake EngineeringResearch Center University of California,Berkeley,2006.
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