磁流变阻尼器优化设计及结构地震损伤控制
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摘要
该文通过LS-DYNA程序二次开发了磁流变(MR)阻尼器的Bouc-Wen动力滞回模型、半主动控制律和钢材的弹塑性损伤本构模型,进而实现应用通用有限元程序精细化模拟受控结构损伤发展过程的目的。基于损伤本构模型,提出结构构件和结构层的抗震性能指标,并应用该指标对结构各层阻尼器的最大出力进行优化设计。对一9层Benchmark钢框架结构进行损伤控制研究,采用IDA方法对控制前后结构的抗震性能进行分析,结果表明:MR阻尼器优化设计后受控结构的损伤累积效应较无控结构明显减小,损伤分布范围更广,塑性耗能能力和抗震能力都得到显著提高。
The Bouc-Wen model of an MR damper,the semi-active control law,and an elastic-plastic material model considering damage variables are developed through the secondary development of LS-DYNA program,which makes the refinement damage evolution simulation of a semi-active controlled structure in general finite element program come true.Based on the damage material model,two seismic performance indices for member and story level are proposed and also used to determine the maximal control force produced by MR dampers on different stories.As a numerical example,the damage control study on a 9-story benchmark steel frame are conducted,and the aseismic performance of the structure both with and without MR dampers are analyzed through IDA method.The results indicate that: damage accumulation effects of a controlled structure are obviously reduced by using optimally designed MR dampers,the damage distribution is more widespread,and the capacity of absorbing earthquake energy as well as the aseismic performance are all increased significantly.
The Bouc-Wen model of an MR damper,the semi-active control law,and an elastic-plastic material model considering damage variables are developed through the secondary development of LS-DYNA program,which makes the refinement damage evolution simulation of a semi-active controlled structure in general finite element program come true.Based on the damage material model,two seismic performance indices for member and story level are proposed and also used to determine the maximal control force produced by MR dampers on different stories.As a numerical example,the damage control study on a 9-story benchmark steel frame are conducted,and the aseismic performance of the structure both with and without MR dampers are analyzed through IDA method.The results indicate that: damage accumulation effects of a controlled structure are obviously reduced by using optimally designed MR dampers,the damage distribution is more widespread,and the capacity of absorbing earthquake energy as well as the aseismic performance are all increased significantly.
引文
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[10]Xu Longhe,Li Zhongxian.Semi-active multi-steppredictive control of structures using MR dampers[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2008,37(12):1435―1448.
[11]Tzou H S,Chai W K.Design and testing of a hybridpolymeric electrostrictive/piezoelectric beam withbang-bang control[J].Mechanical Systems and SignalProcessing,2007,21(1):417―429.
[12]Dyke S J,Spencer Jr B F,Sain M K,et al.Anexperimental study of MR dampers for seismicprotection[J].Smart Materials and Structures,1998,7(5):693―703.
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[15]徐龙河,周云,李忠献.半主动控制装置在受控结构中的优化设置[J].地震工程与工程振动,2000,20(3):143―148.Xu Longhe,Zhou Yun,Li Zhongxian.Optimalplacement of semi-active control devices in controlledstructure[J].Earthquake Engineering and EngineeringVibration,2000,20(3):143―148.(in Chinese)
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[17]阎石,宁欣,王宁伟.磁流变阻尼器在受控结构中的优化布置[J].地震工程与工程振动,2004,24(3):175―178.Yan Shi,Ning Xin,Wang Ningwei.Optimal placementof MR damper set in structures[J].EarthquakeEngineering and Engineering Vibration,2004,24(3):175―178.(in Chinese)
[18]Ohtori Y,Spencer Jr B F,Dyke S J.Benchmark controlproblems for seismically excited nonlinear buildings[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,ASCE,2004,130(4),366―385.
[19]Yoshida O,Dyke S J.Seismic control of a nonlinearbenchmark building using smart dampers[J].Journal ofEngineering Mechanics,ASCE,2004,130(4):386―392.
[20]Wongprasert N,Symans M D.Application of a geneticalgorithm for optimal damper distribution within thenonlinear seismic benchmark building[J].Journal ofEngineering Mechanics,ASCE,2004,130(4):401―406.
[21]LS-DYNA.Keyword user's manual[M].Livermore,California:Livermore Software Technology Corporation,2006.
[22]Pirondi A,Bonora N.Modeling ductile damage underfully reversed cycling[J].Computational MaterialScience,2003,26:129―141.
[23]Ikeda Yoshiki.Active and semi-active vibration controlof buildings in Japan-practical applications andverification[J].Structural Control and Health Monitoring,2009,16:703―723.
[24]Wu Z,Soong T T.Modified bang-bang control law forstructural control implementation[J].Journal ofEngineering Mechanics,ASCE,1996,122(8):771―777.
[2]李惠,刘敏,欧进萍,等.斜拉索磁流变智能阻尼器控制系统分析与设计[J].中国公路学报,2005,18(4):37―41.Li Hui,Liu Min,Ou Jinping,et al.Design and analysisof magnetorheological dampers with intelligent controlsystems for stay cables[J].China Journal of Highwayand Transport,2005,18(4):37―41.(in Chinese)
[3]何旭辉,陈政清,黄方林.洞庭湖大桥斜拉索减振试验研究[J].振动工程学报,2002,15(4):447―450.He Xuhui,Chen Zhengqing,Huang Fanglin.Test ofvibration mitigation of a stay cable on the Dongting LakeBridge[J].Journal of Vibration and Engineering,2002,15(4):447―450.(in Chinese)
[4]Stanway R,Sproston J L,Stevens N G.Non-linearidentification of an electrorheological vibration damper[J].IFAC Identification and System ParameterEstimation,1985:195―200.
[5]Stanway R,Sposton J L,Stevens N G.Non-linearmodeling of an electro-rheological vibration damper[J].Journal of Electrostatics,1987(20):167―184.
[6]Wen Y K.Method of random vibration of hystereticsystems[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics Division,1976,102(2):249―263.
[7]周强,瞿伟廉.磁流变阻尼器的两种力学模型和试验验证[J].地震工程与工程振动,2002,22(4):144―150.Zhou Qiang,Qu Weilian.Two mechanic models formagnetorheological damper and corresponding testverification[J].Earthquake Engineering and EngineeringVibration,2002,22(4):144―150.(in Chinese)
[8]丁阳,张路,姚宇飞,李忠献.阻尼力双向调节磁流变阻尼器的性能测试与滞回模型[J].工程力学,2010,27(2):228―234,256.Ding Yang,Zhang Lu,Yao Yufei,Li Zhongxian.Performance test and hysteresis model of MR damperwith bidirectional adjusting damping force[J].Engineering Mechanics,2010,27(2):228―234,256.(inChinese)
[9]丁阳,张路,姚宇飞,李忠献.全通道有效磁流变阻尼器的性能测试与滞回模型[J].振动工程学报,2010,23(1):31―36.Ding Yang,Zhang Lu,Yao Yufei,Li Zhongxian.Performance test and hysteresis model of MR damperswith full-length effective damping path[J].Journal ofVibration Engineering,2010,23(1):31―36.(in Chinese)
[10]Xu Longhe,Li Zhongxian.Semi-active multi-steppredictive control of structures using MR dampers[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2008,37(12):1435―1448.
[11]Tzou H S,Chai W K.Design and testing of a hybridpolymeric electrostrictive/piezoelectric beam withbang-bang control[J].Mechanical Systems and SignalProcessing,2007,21(1):417―429.
[12]Dyke S J,Spencer Jr B F,Sain M K,et al.Anexperimental study of MR dampers for seismicprotection[J].Smart Materials and Structures,1998,7(5):693―703.
[13]欧进萍.结构振动控制-主动、半主动和智能控制[M].北京:科学出版社,2003:330―334.Ou Jinping.Structural vibration control-active、semi-active and intelligent control[M].Beijing:SciencePress,2003:330―334.(in Chinese)
[14]Lin Wei,Li Zhongxian,Ding Yang.Trust-region basedinstantaneous optimal semi-active control of long-spanspatially extended structures with MRF-04K damper[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2008,7(4):447―464.
[15]徐龙河,周云,李忠献.半主动控制装置在受控结构中的优化设置[J].地震工程与工程振动,2000,20(3):143―148.Xu Longhe,Zhou Yun,Li Zhongxian.Optimalplacement of semi-active control devices in controlledstructure[J].Earthquake Engineering and EngineeringVibration,2000,20(3):143―148.(in Chinese)
[16]贝伟明,李宏男.半主动控制装置在受控结构中的优化布置[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2006,26(1):28―33.Bei Weiming,Li Hongnan.Optimal placement ofsemi-active control devices for controlled structure[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and MitigationEngineering,2006,26(1):28―33.(in Chinese)
[17]阎石,宁欣,王宁伟.磁流变阻尼器在受控结构中的优化布置[J].地震工程与工程振动,2004,24(3):175―178.Yan Shi,Ning Xin,Wang Ningwei.Optimal placementof MR damper set in structures[J].EarthquakeEngineering and Engineering Vibration,2004,24(3):175―178.(in Chinese)
[18]Ohtori Y,Spencer Jr B F,Dyke S J.Benchmark controlproblems for seismically excited nonlinear buildings[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,ASCE,2004,130(4),366―385.
[19]Yoshida O,Dyke S J.Seismic control of a nonlinearbenchmark building using smart dampers[J].Journal ofEngineering Mechanics,ASCE,2004,130(4):386―392.
[20]Wongprasert N,Symans M D.Application of a geneticalgorithm for optimal damper distribution within thenonlinear seismic benchmark building[J].Journal ofEngineering Mechanics,ASCE,2004,130(4):401―406.
[21]LS-DYNA.Keyword user's manual[M].Livermore,California:Livermore Software Technology Corporation,2006.
[22]Pirondi A,Bonora N.Modeling ductile damage underfully reversed cycling[J].Computational MaterialScience,2003,26:129―141.
[23]Ikeda Yoshiki.Active and semi-active vibration controlof buildings in Japan-practical applications andverification[J].Structural Control and Health Monitoring,2009,16:703―723.
[24]Wu Z,Soong T T.Modified bang-bang control law forstructural control implementation[J].Journal ofEngineering Mechanics,ASCE,1996,122(8):771―777.
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