地震模拟振动台台阵试验技术研究及应用
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摘要
地震模拟振动台台阵系统是目前国际上地震模拟振动台发展的主要方向,近年来,国内高校陆续引进地震模拟振动台多台阵系统,为工程结构抗震试验研究和抗震理论研究提供了必要的试验手段。本文简要概括了地震模拟振动台台阵的发展和现状,台阵试验技术在房屋建筑、大跨度桥梁、能源管线工程、机电设备等领域的应用,以及模型相似及台阵试验技术方面的研究与应用等,期望能够对地震模拟振动台台阵试验技术的发展有一定的参考价值。
The multiple shaking table facilities are the prospective direction in the development of earthquake simulation shaking tables in engineering structures.In recent years,the new multiple shake-table facility systems were constructed in some famous universities and research institute in China.They provided a powerful testing platform for seismic engineering theoretical study and experimental research.In this paper,the state-of-the -art of the multiple shake-table facilities were briefly summarized,and the application of the multiple shake-tables testing,especially in building engineering,large-span bridge engineering,energy lifeline engineering and electromechanical equipments,were introduced.New developments of model similarity relationships,and experimental technology of the multiple shake-tables were also illustrated.New methodology and theory in utilizing the system will be brought out and improved in the near future.It is expected that the paper will refer to the seismic study and application of the multiple shake-table facilities.
The multiple shaking table facilities are the prospective direction in the development of earthquake simulation shaking tables in engineering structures.In recent years,the new multiple shake-table facility systems were constructed in some famous universities and research institute in China.They provided a powerful testing platform for seismic engineering theoretical study and experimental research.In this paper,the state-of-the -art of the multiple shake-table facilities were briefly summarized,and the application of the multiple shake-tables testing,especially in building engineering,large-span bridge engineering,energy lifeline engineering and electromechanical equipments,were introduced.New developments of model similarity relationships,and experimental technology of the multiple shake-tables were also illustrated.New methodology and theory in utilizing the system will be brought out and improved in the near future.It is expected that the paper will refer to the seismic study and application of the multiple shake-table facilities.
引文
[1]姚振刚,刘祖华.建筑结构试验[M].上海:同济大学出版社,1996. Yao Z G,Liu Z H.Testing on the building structures [M].Shanghai,Tongji University Press,1996(in Chinese).
[2]黄浩华.地震模拟振动台系统设计与工程应用技术[M].北京:地震出版社,2008. Huang H H.Design and Application technology of earthquake shaking tables[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,2008(in Chinese).
[3]黄宝锋,卢文胜,宗周红.地震模拟振动台阵系统模型试验方法探讨[J].土木工程学报,2008.3,41 (3):46-52. Huang B F,Lu W S,and Zong Z H.Study on model experimental methodology utilizing the multiple earthquake simulation shake table system[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2008,41(4):46-52(in Chinese).
[4]Masayoshi SATO,Takahito INOUE.General Frame Work of Research Topics Utilizing the 3-D Full-Sacle Earthquake Testing Facility[J].Journal of Japan Association for Engineering,2004,4(3):448-456.
[5]中华人民共和国建设部,建筑抗震设计规范(GB 50011-2001)[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2001. Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China.Code for seismic design of buildings(GB 50011-2001)[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press(in Chinese).
[6]Suzuki Takashi,Kurakata Masayuki,Izuno Kazuyuki, et al.Effect of stage on earthquake response of a Japanese traditional wooden structure[J].Association for Earthquake Engineering,2007,7(5):15-30.
[7]Andre Filiatrault,David Fischer,Bryan Folz,and Chia-Ming Uang.Shake Table Testing of a Full-Scale Two-Story Wood frame House.Proceedings of the 2001 Structural Congress and Exposition,Sponsored by Structural Engineering Institute of ASCE,May21- 23,2001,Washington,D.C.
[8]Andre Filiatrault,David Fischer,Bryan Folz,Chia-Ming Uang.Seismic Testing of Two-Story Wood frame House:Influence of Wan Finish Materials[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2002,128(10):1337- 1345.
[9]Khalid M,Mosalanl,Carlos Maehado,et al.Seismic Evaluation of an Asymmetric Three-Story Wood frame Building.CUKEE Publication No.W-19.
[10]申世元.农村木构架承重土坯围护抢结构振动台试验研究[D].中国建筑科学研究院,2006. Shen S Y.Tudy on Shaking Table Test of Model of the Timber-truss-bearing and Adobe-wall-shielding One-storey Building in the Country[D].China Academy of Building Research,2006(in Chinese).
[11]王瑾.新疆地区村镇适宜性房屋抗震性能研究[D].西安建筑科技大学,2008. Wang J.Seismic Behavior Research and Analysis on XIN JIANG Suitable Residence in Villages[D].Xi' an University of Architecture and Technology,2008 (in Chinese).
[12]涂晓.新疆抗震安居工程砖木房屋振动台试验研究与理论分析[D].西安建筑科技大学,2008. Tu X.The Shaking Table Test and Theoretical Analysis for Half-timbered House of Xinjiang Seismic and Comfortable Housing Project[D].Xi' an University of Architecture and Technology,2008(in Chinese).
[13]代建波.新型石膏土坯墙结构房屋抗震性能试验及设计方法研究[D].西安建筑科技大学,2008. Dai J B.Seismic Behavior Test and Design Method Resrarch of New Typical Structure Building of Gypsum and Adobe Walls[D].Xi' an University of Architecture and Technology,2008(in Chinese).
[14]熊海贝,倪春,吕西林,贾国成.三层轻木一混凝土混合结构足尺模型模拟地震振动台试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2008,28(1):91-98. Xiong H B,Ni C,Lu X L,Jia G C.Shaking table tests on 3-storey wood-concrete hybrid structure[J]. Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, 2008,28(1):91-98(in Chinese).
[15]徐志英,施善云.土与地下结构相互作用的大型振动台试验及计算[J].岩土工程学报,1993,15(4): 1-7. Xu Z Y,Shi S Y.Large-Sized Shaking Table Test and Calculation for Soil-Substructure Dynamic Interaction [J].Chinese Jounal of Geotechnical Engineering, 1993,15(4):1-7(in Chinese).
[16]韦晓,范立础,王君杰.考虑桩—土—桥梁结构相互作用振动台试验研究[J].土木工程学报,2002, 35(4):91-97. Wei X,Fan L C,Wang J J.Shake Table test on Soilpile -structure interaction[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2002,35(4):91-97(in Chinese).
[17]陈国兴,王志华,宰金氓.土与结构动力相互作用体系振动台模型试验研究[J].世界地震工程, 2002,18(4):47-54. Chen G X,Wang Z H,Zai J M.Shaking table model test of soil-structure dynamic interaction system[J]. World Information On Earthquake Engineering, 2002,18(4):47-54(in Chinese).
[18]楼梦麟,王文剑,马恒春,朱彤.土一桩一结构相互作用体系的振动台模型试验[J].同济大学学报, 2001,29(7):763-768. Lou M L,Wang W J,Ma H C,Zhu T.Study on Soil-pile-structure Interaction System by Shaking Table Model Test[J].Journal of Tongji University, 2001,29(7):763-768(in Chinese).
[19]王建华,冯士伦.桩土相互作用的振动台试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2004,26(5):616-618. Wang J H,Feng S L.The shake table test on soilpile interaction[J].Chinese Jounal of Geotechnical Engineering,2004,26(5):616-618(in Chinese).
[20]K.F.Moustafa,Etc..“Shaking table testing,and analysis of two-column bents”[P].13WCEE,Canada, 2004:2501.
[21]Lyle P.Carden,Ahmad M.Itani,Ian G.Buckle, Seismic Performance of Steel Girder Bridges with Ductile Cross Frames Using Single Angle X Braces [J].Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE, 2006,132(2 ):329-337.
[22]Nathan Johnson,Richard T.Ranf,M.Saiid Saiidi, David Sanders,and Marc Eberhard.Seismic Testing of a Two-Span Reinforced Concrete Bridge[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,ASCE,2008,13(2 ): 173-182.
[23]Nathan Johnson,M.Saiid Saiidi,David Sanders, Nonlinear Earthquake Response Modeling of a Large-Scale Two-Span Concrete Bridge[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,ASCE,2009,14(6):460-471.
[24]高文军.重庆朝天门长江大桥动力模型试验研究[D].重庆交通大学,2008. Man W J.Dynamic Model Test of Chougqing Chaotianmen Yangtze River Bridge[D].Chongqing Jiaotong University,2008(in Chinese).
[25]樊珂,李振宝,闫维明,拱桥多点动力响应振动台模型试验与理论分析[J].铁道科学与工程学报, 2007,4(6):19-24. Fan K;Li Z B;Yan W M.Vibration table tests for the archbridge under multi points inputs[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineeriug,2007,4(6 ): 19-24(in Chinese ).
[26]Yangbo Chen,Maria Q.Feng,and Serdar Soyoz. Large-Scale Shake Table Test Veri? cation of Bridge Condition Assessment Methods.Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE,2008,134(7):1235-1245.
[27]范立础.桥梁抗震[M].上海:同济大学出版社, 2001. Fan L C.Bridge Seismic[M].Shanghai,Tongji University Press,2001(in Chinese).
[28]胡聿贤.地震工程学(第二版)[M].北京:地震出版社,2006. Hu L X.Earthquake Engineering(2~(nd) Edition)[M]. Beijing:Earthquake Press,2006(in Chinese).
[29]Akira Igarashi.Development of substructured shaking table test method[P].12WCEE,New Zealand. 2000:1775-1780.
[30]Toshihiko Horiuchi.Development of a real-time hybrid experimental system using a shaking table[P]. 12WCEE,New Zealand.2000:843-847.
[31]于馨,核电工程用齿轮泵机组底座的抗震分析及??参数优化[D].大连交通大学,2007. Yu Q,Aseismatic Analysis and Parameter Optimization of Pedestal about Nuclear Engineering Gear Pumps Unit[D].Dalian Jiaotong University,2007 (in Chinese).
[32]鲁亮,吕西林,振动台模型试验中一种消除重力失真效应的动力相似关系研究[J].结构工程师, 2001(4):45-48. Lu L,Lu X L.Study of Dynamic Similitude Law for the Shaking Table Test to Cancel the Gravity Distortion Effect[J].Structural Engineers,2001(4):45- 48(in Chinese).
[33]周颖,卢文胜,吕西林.高层建筑整体结构模型抗震动力试验误差分析[J].结构工程师,2006,22 (1):62-65. Zhou Y,Lu X L,Lu X L.Error Analysis of Dynamic Test on High-rise Building Model[J].Structural Engineers, 2006,22(1):62-65(in Chinese).
[2]黄浩华.地震模拟振动台系统设计与工程应用技术[M].北京:地震出版社,2008. Huang H H.Design and Application technology of earthquake shaking tables[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,2008(in Chinese).
[3]黄宝锋,卢文胜,宗周红.地震模拟振动台阵系统模型试验方法探讨[J].土木工程学报,2008.3,41 (3):46-52. Huang B F,Lu W S,and Zong Z H.Study on model experimental methodology utilizing the multiple earthquake simulation shake table system[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2008,41(4):46-52(in Chinese).
[4]Masayoshi SATO,Takahito INOUE.General Frame Work of Research Topics Utilizing the 3-D Full-Sacle Earthquake Testing Facility[J].Journal of Japan Association for Engineering,2004,4(3):448-456.
[5]中华人民共和国建设部,建筑抗震设计规范(GB 50011-2001)[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2001. Ministry of Construction of the People's Republic of China.Code for seismic design of buildings(GB 50011-2001)[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press(in Chinese).
[6]Suzuki Takashi,Kurakata Masayuki,Izuno Kazuyuki, et al.Effect of stage on earthquake response of a Japanese traditional wooden structure[J].Association for Earthquake Engineering,2007,7(5):15-30.
[7]Andre Filiatrault,David Fischer,Bryan Folz,and Chia-Ming Uang.Shake Table Testing of a Full-Scale Two-Story Wood frame House.Proceedings of the 2001 Structural Congress and Exposition,Sponsored by Structural Engineering Institute of ASCE,May21- 23,2001,Washington,D.C.
[8]Andre Filiatrault,David Fischer,Bryan Folz,Chia-Ming Uang.Seismic Testing of Two-Story Wood frame House:Influence of Wan Finish Materials[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,2002,128(10):1337- 1345.
[9]Khalid M,Mosalanl,Carlos Maehado,et al.Seismic Evaluation of an Asymmetric Three-Story Wood frame Building.CUKEE Publication No.W-19.
[10]申世元.农村木构架承重土坯围护抢结构振动台试验研究[D].中国建筑科学研究院,2006. Shen S Y.Tudy on Shaking Table Test of Model of the Timber-truss-bearing and Adobe-wall-shielding One-storey Building in the Country[D].China Academy of Building Research,2006(in Chinese).
[11]王瑾.新疆地区村镇适宜性房屋抗震性能研究[D].西安建筑科技大学,2008. Wang J.Seismic Behavior Research and Analysis on XIN JIANG Suitable Residence in Villages[D].Xi' an University of Architecture and Technology,2008 (in Chinese).
[12]涂晓.新疆抗震安居工程砖木房屋振动台试验研究与理论分析[D].西安建筑科技大学,2008. Tu X.The Shaking Table Test and Theoretical Analysis for Half-timbered House of Xinjiang Seismic and Comfortable Housing Project[D].Xi' an University of Architecture and Technology,2008(in Chinese).
[13]代建波.新型石膏土坯墙结构房屋抗震性能试验及设计方法研究[D].西安建筑科技大学,2008. Dai J B.Seismic Behavior Test and Design Method Resrarch of New Typical Structure Building of Gypsum and Adobe Walls[D].Xi' an University of Architecture and Technology,2008(in Chinese).
[14]熊海贝,倪春,吕西林,贾国成.三层轻木一混凝土混合结构足尺模型模拟地震振动台试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2008,28(1):91-98. Xiong H B,Ni C,Lu X L,Jia G C.Shaking table tests on 3-storey wood-concrete hybrid structure[J]. Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, 2008,28(1):91-98(in Chinese).
[15]徐志英,施善云.土与地下结构相互作用的大型振动台试验及计算[J].岩土工程学报,1993,15(4): 1-7. Xu Z Y,Shi S Y.Large-Sized Shaking Table Test and Calculation for Soil-Substructure Dynamic Interaction [J].Chinese Jounal of Geotechnical Engineering, 1993,15(4):1-7(in Chinese).
[16]韦晓,范立础,王君杰.考虑桩—土—桥梁结构相互作用振动台试验研究[J].土木工程学报,2002, 35(4):91-97. Wei X,Fan L C,Wang J J.Shake Table test on Soilpile -structure interaction[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2002,35(4):91-97(in Chinese).
[17]陈国兴,王志华,宰金氓.土与结构动力相互作用体系振动台模型试验研究[J].世界地震工程, 2002,18(4):47-54. Chen G X,Wang Z H,Zai J M.Shaking table model test of soil-structure dynamic interaction system[J]. World Information On Earthquake Engineering, 2002,18(4):47-54(in Chinese).
[18]楼梦麟,王文剑,马恒春,朱彤.土一桩一结构相互作用体系的振动台模型试验[J].同济大学学报, 2001,29(7):763-768. Lou M L,Wang W J,Ma H C,Zhu T.Study on Soil-pile-structure Interaction System by Shaking Table Model Test[J].Journal of Tongji University, 2001,29(7):763-768(in Chinese).
[19]王建华,冯士伦.桩土相互作用的振动台试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2004,26(5):616-618. Wang J H,Feng S L.The shake table test on soilpile interaction[J].Chinese Jounal of Geotechnical Engineering,2004,26(5):616-618(in Chinese).
[20]K.F.Moustafa,Etc..“Shaking table testing,and analysis of two-column bents”[P].13WCEE,Canada, 2004:2501.
[21]Lyle P.Carden,Ahmad M.Itani,Ian G.Buckle, Seismic Performance of Steel Girder Bridges with Ductile Cross Frames Using Single Angle X Braces [J].Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE, 2006,132(2 ):329-337.
[22]Nathan Johnson,Richard T.Ranf,M.Saiid Saiidi, David Sanders,and Marc Eberhard.Seismic Testing of a Two-Span Reinforced Concrete Bridge[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,ASCE,2008,13(2 ): 173-182.
[23]Nathan Johnson,M.Saiid Saiidi,David Sanders, Nonlinear Earthquake Response Modeling of a Large-Scale Two-Span Concrete Bridge[J].Journal of Bridge Engineering,ASCE,2009,14(6):460-471.
[24]高文军.重庆朝天门长江大桥动力模型试验研究[D].重庆交通大学,2008. Man W J.Dynamic Model Test of Chougqing Chaotianmen Yangtze River Bridge[D].Chongqing Jiaotong University,2008(in Chinese).
[25]樊珂,李振宝,闫维明,拱桥多点动力响应振动台模型试验与理论分析[J].铁道科学与工程学报, 2007,4(6):19-24. Fan K;Li Z B;Yan W M.Vibration table tests for the archbridge under multi points inputs[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineeriug,2007,4(6 ): 19-24(in Chinese ).
[26]Yangbo Chen,Maria Q.Feng,and Serdar Soyoz. Large-Scale Shake Table Test Veri? cation of Bridge Condition Assessment Methods.Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE,2008,134(7):1235-1245.
[27]范立础.桥梁抗震[M].上海:同济大学出版社, 2001. Fan L C.Bridge Seismic[M].Shanghai,Tongji University Press,2001(in Chinese).
[28]胡聿贤.地震工程学(第二版)[M].北京:地震出版社,2006. Hu L X.Earthquake Engineering(2~(nd) Edition)[M]. Beijing:Earthquake Press,2006(in Chinese).
[29]Akira Igarashi.Development of substructured shaking table test method[P].12WCEE,New Zealand. 2000:1775-1780.
[30]Toshihiko Horiuchi.Development of a real-time hybrid experimental system using a shaking table[P]. 12WCEE,New Zealand.2000:843-847.
[31]于馨,核电工程用齿轮泵机组底座的抗震分析及??参数优化[D].大连交通大学,2007. Yu Q,Aseismatic Analysis and Parameter Optimization of Pedestal about Nuclear Engineering Gear Pumps Unit[D].Dalian Jiaotong University,2007 (in Chinese).
[32]鲁亮,吕西林,振动台模型试验中一种消除重力失真效应的动力相似关系研究[J].结构工程师, 2001(4):45-48. Lu L,Lu X L.Study of Dynamic Similitude Law for the Shaking Table Test to Cancel the Gravity Distortion Effect[J].Structural Engineers,2001(4):45- 48(in Chinese).
[33]周颖,卢文胜,吕西林.高层建筑整体结构模型抗震动力试验误差分析[J].结构工程师,2006,22 (1):62-65. Zhou Y,Lu X L,Lu X L.Error Analysis of Dynamic Test on High-rise Building Model[J].Structural Engineers, 2006,22(1):62-65(in Chinese).
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