非弹性体系地震动力响应分析的新型单轴Bouc-Wen模型
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摘要
对经典的单轴Bouc-Wen模型进行改进,研究建立了可以综合考虑P-效应、捏拢效应、强度退化、刚度退化、应变硬化等典型滞回特性的新型单轴Bouc-Wen模型。根据非弹性单自由度体系在69条强震记录作用下的动力响应,定量地分析了P-效应对地震延性需求的均值和变异系数的影响,进而建立了地震延性需求的经验概率分布模型和预测方程。计算结果显示:由重力引起的P-效应对地震延性需求的影响较大,而由竖向地震激励引起的P-效应的影响很小;地震延性需求与震级、震中矩、剪切波速等参数之间的线性相关性较小;对于短周期体系,可以采用Lognormal或Frechet分布来描述地震延性需求的概率分布,而对于长周期体系,采用Frechet分布则更为合理。
An improved uniaxial Bouc-Wen model was developed by taking the P-? and pinching effects,strength and stiffness degradations,as well as strain hardening into account.According to the nonlinear seismic dynamic responses of an inelastic single-degree-of-freedom(SDOF) system under 69 selected earthquake records,the influence of P-? effect on both the mean and coefficient of variation(COV) of seismic ductility demands were quantitatively investigated.The probability distribution type and prediction equation of seismic ductility demand for an inelastic SDOF system with P-? effect were also developed.The analysis results show that the P-? effect induced by the gravity affects significantly the seismic ductility demand,while the effect induced by the vertical seismic excitation is negligible.Linear correlation coefficients between seismic ductility demand and seismic parameters,such as the moment magnitude,epicentral distance and shear wave velocity,are usually unobvious.It also implies that for a short-period system the seismic ductility demand can be modeled as either a Lognormal or Frechet distribution variable,while for a long-period system,the Frechet distribution variable is preferred.
An improved uniaxial Bouc-Wen model was developed by taking the P-? and pinching effects,strength and stiffness degradations,as well as strain hardening into account.According to the nonlinear seismic dynamic responses of an inelastic single-degree-of-freedom(SDOF) system under 69 selected earthquake records,the influence of P-? effect on both the mean and coefficient of variation(COV) of seismic ductility demands were quantitatively investigated.The probability distribution type and prediction equation of seismic ductility demand for an inelastic SDOF system with P-? effect were also developed.The analysis results show that the P-? effect induced by the gravity affects significantly the seismic ductility demand,while the effect induced by the vertical seismic excitation is negligible.Linear correlation coefficients between seismic ductility demand and seismic parameters,such as the moment magnitude,epicentral distance and shear wave velocity,are usually unobvious.It also implies that for a short-period system the seismic ductility demand can be modeled as either a Lognormal or Frechet distribution variable,while for a long-period system,the Frechet distribution variable is preferred.
引文
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[3]Goda K,Hong H P.Estimation of seismic loss forspatially distributed buildings[J].Earthquake Spectra,2008,24(4):889―910.
[4]张海燕,易伟建.基于位移的概率极限状态设计[J].地震工程与工程振动,2009,29(1):83―88.Zhang Haiyan,Yi Weijian.Displacement basedprobabilistic limit state design[J].Journal of EarthquakeEngineering and Engineering Vibration,2009,29(1):83―88.(in Chinese)
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[8]易伟建,张海燕.结构随机延性需求谱的理论研究[J].工程力学,2006,23(5):14―19.Yi Weijian,Zhang Haiyan.Theoretical research onprobability ductility demand spectrum of structures underseismic loads[J].Engineering Mechanics,2006,23(5):14―19.(in Chinese)
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[12]Ayoub A,Chenouda M.Response spectra of degradingstructural systems[J].Engineering Structures,2009,31(7):1393―1402.
[13]Goda K,Atkinson G M.Seismic demand estimation ofinelastic SDOF systems for earthquakes in Japan[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2009,99:3284―3299.
[14]Wen Y K.Methods of random vibration for inelasticstructures[J].Applied Mechanics Reviews,1989,42(2):39―52.
[15]Marano G C,Greco R.Damage and ductility demandspectra assessment of hysteretic degrading systemssubject to stochastic seismic loads[J].Journal ofEarthquake Engineering,2006,10(5):615―640.
[16]Ajavakom N,Ng C H,Ma F.Performance of nonlineardegrading structures:Identification,validation,andprediction[J].Computers&Structures,2008,86(7/8):652―662.
[17]Goda K,Hong H P,Lee C S.Probabilistic characteristicsof seismic ductility demand of SDOF systems withBouc-Wen hysteretic behavior[J].Journal of EarthquakeEngineering,2009,13(5):600―622.
[18]Marano G C,Sgobba S.Stochastic energy analysis ofseismic isolated bridges[J].Soil Dynamics andEarthquake Engineering,2007,27(8):759―773.
[19]MacRae G A.P-Delta effects on single degree offreedom structures in earthquakes[J].EarthquakeSpectra,1994,10(3):359―568.
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[21]Kalkan E,Graizer V.Coupled tilt and translationalground motion response spectra[J].Journal of StructuralEngineering-ASCE,2007,133(5):605―619.
[22]Williamson E B.Evaluation of damage and P-deltaeffects for system under earthquake excitation[J].Journal of Structural Engineering-ASCE,2003,129(8):1036―1046.
[23]Tremblay R,Leger P,Tu J.Inelastic seismic response ofconcrete shear walls considering P-delta effects[J].Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering,2001,28(4):640―655.
[24]翟长海,孙亚民,谢礼立.考虑P-效应的等延性位移比谱[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2007,39(10):1513―1517.Zhai Changhai,Sun Yamin,Xie Lili.Estimation ofP-effect on constant-ductility inelastic displacementratio spectra[J].Journal of Harbin Institute ofTechnology,2007,39(10):1513―1517.(in Chinese)
[25]Shampine L F,Reichelt M W.The Matlab ODE suite[J].SIAM Journal of Scientific Computing,1997,18(1):1―22.
[26]Park Y J,Ang A H S.Mechanistic seismic damagemodel for reinforced concrete[J].Journal of StructuralEngineering-ASCE,1985,111(4):722―739.
[27]Ma F,Ng C H,Ajavakom N.On system identificationand response prediction of degrading structures[J].Structural Control&Health Monitoring,2006,13(1):347―364.
[28]Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research(PEER)Center.Next generation attenuation database[DB].http://peer.berkeley.edu/nga/index.html,2006.(lastaccessed May 1st,2010).
[29]Hong H P,Goda K.Orientation dependent groundmotion measure for seismic-hazard assessment[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2007,97:1525―1538.
[2]Hong H P,Hong P.Assessment of ductility demand andreliability of bilinear single-degree-of-freedom systemsunder earthquake loading[J].Canadian Journal of CivilEngineering,2007,34(12):1606―1615.
[3]Goda K,Hong H P.Estimation of seismic loss forspatially distributed buildings[J].Earthquake Spectra,2008,24(4):889―910.
[4]张海燕,易伟建.基于位移的概率极限状态设计[J].地震工程与工程振动,2009,29(1):83―88.Zhang Haiyan,Yi Weijian.Displacement basedprobabilistic limit state design[J].Journal of EarthquakeEngineering and Engineering Vibration,2009,29(1):83―88.(in Chinese)
[5]Chopra A K,Chintanapakdee C.Inelastic deformationratios for design and evaluation of structures:Single-degree-of-freedom bilinear systems[J].Journal ofStructural Engineering-ASCE,2004,130(9):1309―1319.
[6]翟长海,龚茂盛,谢礼立,等.工程结构等强度位移比谱影响因素分析[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2005,37(4):455―458.Zhai Changhai,Gong Maosheng,Xie Lili,et al.Influence analysis on displacement ratio spectra ofconstant yielding strength for evaluation of existingstructures[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2005,37(4):455―458.(in Chinese)
[7]翟长海,谢礼立,张敏政.工程结构等强度位移比谱研究[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2005,37(1):45―49.Zhai Changhai,Xie Lili,Zhang Minzheng.A study onconstant-relative-strength inelastic displacement ratiospectra for evaluation of existing structures[J].Journalof Harbin Institute of Technology,2005,37(1):45―49.(in Chinese)
[8]易伟建,张海燕.结构随机延性需求谱的理论研究[J].工程力学,2006,23(5):14―19.Yi Weijian,Zhang Haiyan.Theoretical research onprobability ductility demand spectrum of structures underseismic loads[J].Engineering Mechanics,2006,23(5):14―19.(in Chinese)
[9]Rupakhety R,Sigbjornsson R.Ground motion predictionequations(GMPEs)for inelastic displacement andductility demands of constant-strength SDOF systems[J].Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering,2009,7(3):661―679.
[10]Foliente G C.Hysteresis modeling of wood joints andstructural systems[J].Journal of Structural Engineering-ASCE,1995,121(6):1013―1022.
[11]Ma F,Zhang H,Bockstedte A,et al.Parameter analysisof the differential model of hysteresis[J].Journal ofApplied Mechanics-Transactions of the ASME,2004,71(3):342―349.
[12]Ayoub A,Chenouda M.Response spectra of degradingstructural systems[J].Engineering Structures,2009,31(7):1393―1402.
[13]Goda K,Atkinson G M.Seismic demand estimation ofinelastic SDOF systems for earthquakes in Japan[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2009,99:3284―3299.
[14]Wen Y K.Methods of random vibration for inelasticstructures[J].Applied Mechanics Reviews,1989,42(2):39―52.
[15]Marano G C,Greco R.Damage and ductility demandspectra assessment of hysteretic degrading systemssubject to stochastic seismic loads[J].Journal ofEarthquake Engineering,2006,10(5):615―640.
[16]Ajavakom N,Ng C H,Ma F.Performance of nonlineardegrading structures:Identification,validation,andprediction[J].Computers&Structures,2008,86(7/8):652―662.
[17]Goda K,Hong H P,Lee C S.Probabilistic characteristicsof seismic ductility demand of SDOF systems withBouc-Wen hysteretic behavior[J].Journal of EarthquakeEngineering,2009,13(5):600―622.
[18]Marano G C,Sgobba S.Stochastic energy analysis ofseismic isolated bridges[J].Soil Dynamics andEarthquake Engineering,2007,27(8):759―773.
[19]MacRae G A.P-Delta effects on single degree offreedom structures in earthquakes[J].EarthquakeSpectra,1994,10(3):359―568.
[20]童根树,赵永峰.动力P-效应对地震力调整系数的影响[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2007,41(1):120―126.Tong Genshu,Zhao Yongfeng.Dynamic P-effects onseismic force modification factors[J].Journal ofZhejiang University(Engineering Science),2007,41(1):120―126.(in Chinese)
[21]Kalkan E,Graizer V.Coupled tilt and translationalground motion response spectra[J].Journal of StructuralEngineering-ASCE,2007,133(5):605―619.
[22]Williamson E B.Evaluation of damage and P-deltaeffects for system under earthquake excitation[J].Journal of Structural Engineering-ASCE,2003,129(8):1036―1046.
[23]Tremblay R,Leger P,Tu J.Inelastic seismic response ofconcrete shear walls considering P-delta effects[J].Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering,2001,28(4):640―655.
[24]翟长海,孙亚民,谢礼立.考虑P-效应的等延性位移比谱[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2007,39(10):1513―1517.Zhai Changhai,Sun Yamin,Xie Lili.Estimation ofP-effect on constant-ductility inelastic displacementratio spectra[J].Journal of Harbin Institute ofTechnology,2007,39(10):1513―1517.(in Chinese)
[25]Shampine L F,Reichelt M W.The Matlab ODE suite[J].SIAM Journal of Scientific Computing,1997,18(1):1―22.
[26]Park Y J,Ang A H S.Mechanistic seismic damagemodel for reinforced concrete[J].Journal of StructuralEngineering-ASCE,1985,111(4):722―739.
[27]Ma F,Ng C H,Ajavakom N.On system identificationand response prediction of degrading structures[J].Structural Control&Health Monitoring,2006,13(1):347―364.
[28]Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research(PEER)Center.Next generation attenuation database[DB].http://peer.berkeley.edu/nga/index.html,2006.(lastaccessed May 1st,2010).
[29]Hong H P,Goda K.Orientation dependent groundmotion measure for seismic-hazard assessment[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2007,97:1525―1538.
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