基于CDEM的顺层边坡地震稳定性分析方法研究
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摘要
地震力作为一种动态载荷,其作用是导致顺层结构面黏聚力及抗拉强度的丧失。由此,提出了一种动力分析法(数值分析法)与极限平衡法(公式法)相结合的顺层岩质边坡地震稳定性评价方法。该方法利用基于连续介质力学的离散元方法(CDEM)获取震后结构面处的残余强度,将残余强度代人极限平衡公式求解重力作用下的安全系数,并将此安全系数作为评价顺层岩质边坡地震稳定性的指标。分析结果表明,传统拟静力法用于顺层岩质边坡地震稳定性的评价是不适宜的,通过本文方法获得的顺层边坡动力安全系数具有明显的3阶段特征(水平段-速降段-水平段),而拟静力法获得的安全系数随着设防烈度的增大却呈现出逐渐减小的特征。此外,所述方法还可体现地震波频率对顺层岩质边坡稳定性的影响。
The seismic load is considered as a dynamic load,which results in the loss of the cohesion and tensile strength of the structural face.A new stability analysis method is proposed based on the dynamic analysis approach and the limit equilibrium method.For getting the dynamic safety factor,the continuum-based discrete element method considered as a dynamic analysis approach is adopted to get the residual strength,and then the limit equilibrium method is used to calculate the safety factor under gravity according to the residual strength.The analysis shows that it is unsuitable using the pseudo-static method to evaluate the dynamic stability of bedding rock slopes.Three-stage feature(horizontal stage,quick-decline stage and horizontal stage) of dynamic safety factor can be obviously gotten by the proposed method,while the safety factor decreases gradually with the increase of the fortification intensity by the pseudo-static method.Moreover,the dynamic safety factor affected by the seismic frequency can also be obtained by the new method.
The seismic load is considered as a dynamic load,which results in the loss of the cohesion and tensile strength of the structural face.A new stability analysis method is proposed based on the dynamic analysis approach and the limit equilibrium method.For getting the dynamic safety factor,the continuum-based discrete element method considered as a dynamic analysis approach is adopted to get the residual strength,and then the limit equilibrium method is used to calculate the safety factor under gravity according to the residual strength.The analysis shows that it is unsuitable using the pseudo-static method to evaluate the dynamic stability of bedding rock slopes.Three-stage feature(horizontal stage,quick-decline stage and horizontal stage) of dynamic safety factor can be obviously gotten by the proposed method,while the safety factor decreases gradually with the increase of the fortification intensity by the pseudo-static method.Moreover,the dynamic safety factor affected by the seismic frequency can also be obtained by the new method.
引文
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[13]李海波,肖克强,刘亚群.地震荷载作用下顺层岩质边坡安全系数分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(12):2385–2394.(LI Hai-bo,XIAO Ke-qiang,LIU Ya-qun.Factor of safety analysis of bedding rock slope under seismicload[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(12):2385–2394.(in Chinese))
[14]田振农,李世海,刘晓宇,等.三维块体离散元可变形计算方法研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(增刊1):2832–2840.(TIAN Zhen-nong,LI Shi-hai,LIU Xiao-yu,etal.Research on deformable calculation method based onthree-dimensional block discrete element[J].Chinese Journalof Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(S1):2832–2840.(in Chinese))
[15]LI S H,ZHAO M H,WANG Y N,et a1.A continuum-baseddiscrete element method for continuous deformation andfailure process[C]//WCCM VI in Conjunction withAPCOM’04,Beijing:[S.N.],2004.
[16]LI SH,ZHAO MH,WANG YN,et al.A new numericalmethod for DEM-Block and particle model[J].InternationalJournal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2004,41(S1):414–418.
[17]杨天鸿,芮勇勤,朱万成,等.炭质泥岩泥化夹层的流变特性及长期强度[J].实验力学,2008,23(5):396–402.(YANG Tian-hong,RUI Yong-qin,ZHU Wan-cheng,et al.Rheological characteristics and long-term strenth of siltizedintercalation interbeded in peat mudstone[J].Journal ofExperimental Mechanics,2008,23(5):396–402.(inChinese))
[2]肖克强.地震荷载作用下顺层岩体边坡变性特征及稳定性研究[D].武汉:中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所,2006.(XIAO Ke-qiang.Study on deformation characteristics andstability of bedding slope under earthquake[D].Wuhan:Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics,Chinese Academy ofSciences,2006.(in Chinese))
[3]杜晓丽,宋宏伟,魏京胜.地震对软弱夹层边坡稳定性影响数值模拟研究[J].三峡大学学报(自然科学版),2010,32(1):39–42.(DU Xiao-li,SONG Hong-wei,WEIJing-sheng.Numerical simulation research on stability ofslope with weak sandwich under seismic loadings[J].Journalof China Three Gorges University(Natural Sciences),2010,32(1):39–42.(in Chinese))
[4]艾畅,冯春,李世海,等.地震作用下顺层岩质边坡动力响应的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(9):1825–1832.(AI Chang,FENG Chun,LI Shi-hai,et al.Experimental research on dynamic response of consequentrock slope under seismic loading[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2010,29(9):1825–1832.(inChinese))
[5]LESHCHINSKY D,SAN K Ching.Pseudo-static stability ofslopes:design[J].Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,ASCE,1994,120(9):1514–1532.
[6]李维光,张继春.地震作用下顺层岩质边坡稳定性的拟静力分析[J].山地学报,2007,25(2):184–189.(LIWei-guang,ZHANG Ji-chun.Equivalent static stability studyon rock mass bedding slope under blasting[J].Journal ofMountain Research,2007,25(2):184–189.(in Chinese))
[7]中华人民共和国铁道部.铁路工程抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2006.(The Ministry of Railway of thePeople‘s Republic of China.Code for seismic design ofrailway engineering[S].Beijing:China Planning Press,2003.(in Chinese))
[8]杨雪莲,周永江,吴事贵,等.汶川地震区公路挡墙破坏分析及设计中有关问题的探讨[M]//汶川大地震工程震害调查分析与研究.北京:科学出版社,2009:921–924.(YANG Xue-lian,ZHOU Yong-jiang,WU Shi-gui,et al.Some aspects considered in design of retaining wall ofhighway and analysis of wall damage in Wenchuanearthquake zone[M]//Analysis and Investigation on SeismicDamages of Projects Subjected to Wenchuan Earthquake.Beijing:Science Press,2009:921–924.(in Chinese))
[9]NEWMARK N M.Effects of earthquake on dams andembankments[J].Géotechnique,1965,15(20):139–59.
[10]祁生文.考虑结构面退化的岩质边坡地震永久位移研究[J].岩土工程学报,2007,29(3):452–457.(QI Sheng-wen.Evaluation of the permanent displacement of rock mass slopeconsidering deterioration of slide surface duringearthquake[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2007,29(3):452–457.(in Chinese))
[11]刘汉龙,费康,高玉峰.边坡地震稳定性时程分析方法[J].岩土力学,2003,24(4):553–560.(LIU Han-long,FEIKang,GAO Yu-feng.Time history analysis method of slopeseismic stability[J].Rock and Soil Mechanies,2003,24(4):553–560.(in Chinese))
[12]刘红帅,唐立强,薄景山,等.确定岩质边坡地震安全系数的新方法[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2009(9):1007–1011.(LIU Hong-shuai,TANG Li-qiang,BO Jing-shan,et al.New method for determining the seismic safety factor of arock slope[J].Journal of Harbin Engineering University,2009(9):1007–1011.(in Chinese))
[13]李海波,肖克强,刘亚群.地震荷载作用下顺层岩质边坡安全系数分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(12):2385–2394.(LI Hai-bo,XIAO Ke-qiang,LIU Ya-qun.Factor of safety analysis of bedding rock slope under seismicload[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(12):2385–2394.(in Chinese))
[14]田振农,李世海,刘晓宇,等.三维块体离散元可变形计算方法研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(增刊1):2832–2840.(TIAN Zhen-nong,LI Shi-hai,LIU Xiao-yu,etal.Research on deformable calculation method based onthree-dimensional block discrete element[J].Chinese Journalof Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(S1):2832–2840.(in Chinese))
[15]LI S H,ZHAO M H,WANG Y N,et a1.A continuum-baseddiscrete element method for continuous deformation andfailure process[C]//WCCM VI in Conjunction withAPCOM’04,Beijing:[S.N.],2004.
[16]LI SH,ZHAO MH,WANG YN,et al.A new numericalmethod for DEM-Block and particle model[J].InternationalJournal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2004,41(S1):414–418.
[17]杨天鸿,芮勇勤,朱万成,等.炭质泥岩泥化夹层的流变特性及长期强度[J].实验力学,2008,23(5):396–402.(YANG Tian-hong,RUI Yong-qin,ZHU Wan-cheng,et al.Rheological characteristics and long-term strenth of siltizedintercalation interbeded in peat mudstone[J].Journal ofExperimental Mechanics,2008,23(5):396–402.(inChinese))
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