特高压交流同塔双回输电塔地震模拟振动台试验
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摘要
为了分析地震作用下导、地线质量对特高压输电塔动力特性及其地震反应的影响,进行了特高压输电塔模型的地震模拟振动台试验。以某特高压输变电工程为背景,依据振动台试验相似理论,严格模拟了1 000kV特高压交流同塔双回输电塔,进行了不锈钢塔架模型的设计与制作。同时,针对地线及8分裂导线进行了相应的简化,制作了8个等效集中质量块悬挂在绝缘子下端用以模拟导地线质量。选取4种不同类型的地震动输入,针对单塔及单塔悬挂集中质量进行了8度罕遇烈度下的动力响应测试。试验发现,输电塔地震反应受所选地震激励类型影响较大;悬挂集中质量块后该型输电塔顺线路方向自振频率降低了5.7%,横线路方向自振频率降低了3.9%;单塔悬挂集中质量块后地震反应有所降低。导、地线质量的存在降低了输电塔的地震响应。
In order to analyze the dynamic influence of the mass of conductor and ground wire on the transmission tower structure under earthquake,we experimentally investigated 1 000 kV UHV AC double circuit transmission tower in the presence and absence of conductor mass by shake table test.Taking an ultra high voltage transmission project as the prototype,we designed and fabricated a stainless steel tower model by the similarity theory for the scaled model of shake table test.The bundled conductors and ground wires was considered and simplified as eight lumped mass.Seismic responses of the tower model under seismic intensity of 8 were tested under four types of input ground motions.Experimental results show that the input ground motion has a remarkable influence on the seismic responses of transmission towers.The first natural frequency of the tower with lumped mass reduces by 5.7% and 3.9% over those of pure tower in the along-line direction and cross-line direction,respectively.The existence of the lumped mass effectively reduces the seismic response of transmission tower.
In order to analyze the dynamic influence of the mass of conductor and ground wire on the transmission tower structure under earthquake,we experimentally investigated 1 000 kV UHV AC double circuit transmission tower in the presence and absence of conductor mass by shake table test.Taking an ultra high voltage transmission project as the prototype,we designed and fabricated a stainless steel tower model by the similarity theory for the scaled model of shake table test.The bundled conductors and ground wires was considered and simplified as eight lumped mass.Seismic responses of the tower model under seismic intensity of 8 were tested under four types of input ground motions.Experimental results show that the input ground motion has a remarkable influence on the seismic responses of transmission towers.The first natural frequency of the tower with lumped mass reduces by 5.7% and 3.9% over those of pure tower in the along-line direction and cross-line direction,respectively.The existence of the lumped mass effectively reduces the seismic response of transmission tower.
引文
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[16]肖正直,李正良,汪之松,等.1000kV汉江大跨越塔线体系风洞实验与风振响应分析[J],中国电机工程学报,2009,29(34):84-89.XIAO Zhengzhi,LI Zhengliang,WANG Zhisong,et al.Wind tunnel tests and wind-induced responses analysis of1000kV Hanjiang long span transmission line system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(34):84-89.
[17]Maeno Y,Hanada K,Sakamoto Y.Dynamic properties of UHV power transmission towers:full-scale tests and numeri-cal investigation[C]∥8th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering.San Francisco,USA:[s.n.],1984:12-34.
[18]Suzuki T.Seismic response characteristics of transmissions towers[A].10th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering.Balkema Rotterdam:[s.n.],1992:55-60.
[19]Ghobarah A,Aziz T S,EI-Attar M,et al.Response of trans-mission lines to multiple support excitations[J].Engineering Structures,1996,18(12):936-946.
[20]李宏男,陆呜,王前信.大跨越自立式高压输电塔-电缆体系的简化抗震计算[J].地震工程与工程振动,1990,10(2):81-89.LI Hongnan,LU Ming,WANG Qianxin.Simplified a seismic calculation of high voltage system consisting of long span trans-mission lines and their supporting towers[J].Earthquake En-gineering and Engineering Vibration,1990,10(2):81-89.
[21]Li H N,Shi W.Simplified models and experimental verification for coupled transmission tower-line system to seismic excitations[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2005,286(3):569-585.
[22]朱伯龙.结构抗震试验[M].北京:地震出版社,1989.ZHU Bolong.Dynamic testing of structures[M].Beijing,Chi-na:Seismological Press,1989.
[23]上海市建设和管理委员会.DGJ08-9-2003建筑抗震设计规程[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2003.Shanghai Construction and Management Committee.DGJ08-9-2003Code for seismic design of buildings[S].Beijing,China:China Architecture and Building Press,2003.
[2]中华人民共和国国家标准.GB50260-96电力设施抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,1996.National Standard of the People's Republic of China.GB50260-96Code for design of seismic of electrical installations[S].Beijing,China:China Planning Press,1996.
[3]DL/T5154-2002架空送电线路杆塔结构设计技术规定[S].北京:中国电力出版社,2002.DL/T5154-2002Technical regulation of design for tower and pole structures for overhead transmission line[S].Beijing,Chi-na:China Electric Power Press,2002.
[4]DL/T5092-1999110～500kV架空送电线路设计技术规程[S].北京:中国电力出版,1999.DL/T5092-1999Technical code for designing110～500kV overhead transmission line[S].Beijing,China:China Electric Power Press,1999.
[5]李杰.生命线工程抗震:基础理论与应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2005LI Jie.Lifeline earthquake engineering-basic theory and applica-tion[M].Beijing,China:Science Press,2005.
[6]罗奇峰.日本兵库县南部地震中生命线系统的震害及其震后恢复[J].灾害学,1997,12(1):43-48.LUO Qifeng.Damages to life-line systems caused by Hyogoken Nanbu,Japan,earthquake and their recovery[J].Journal of Catastrophology,1997,12(1):43-48.
[7]台湾地震工程研究中心.九二一集集大地震全面勘灾精简报告[R].台北,中国:台湾地震工程研究中心,1999.Tai Wan Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering.Chi-chi earthquake disaster streamline reporting comprehensive sur-vey[R].Taipei,China:Taiwan Center for Research on Earth-quake Engineering,1999.
[8]Xie Q,Zhu R.Earth,wind,and ice[J].Power and Energy Magazine,2011,9(2):28-36.
[9]Battista R C,Rodrigues R S,Pfeil M S.Dynamic behavior and stability of transmission line towers under wind forces[J].Jour-nal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2003,91(8):1051-1067.
[10]Savory E,Parke G,Zeinoddini M,et al.Modeling of tornado and microburst-induced wind loading and failure of a lattice transmission tower[J].Engineering Structures,2001,23(4):365-375.
[11]谢强,孙力.覆冰荷载作用下500kV输电塔结构破坏机理试验研究[J].高电压技术,2010,36(12):871-877.XIE Qiang,SUN Li.Experimental study on failure mechanism of500kV transmission tower under ice loading[J].High Volt-age Engineering,2010,36(12):871-877.
[12]谢强,严承涌.1000kV特高压交流同塔双回输电塔线耦联体系风洞试验[J].高电压技术,2010,36(4):900-906.XIE Qiang,YAN Chengyong.Wind tunnel test on1000kV UHV AC double circuit transmission tower-conductor coupling system[J].High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(4):900-906.
[13]Xie Q,Sun L.Experimental study on failure mechanism and retro-fitting strategy of transmission tower structures under ice load[J].Journal of Constructional Steel Research,2012,74(7):26-36.
[14]赵桂峰,谢强,梁枢果,等.高压输电塔线体系抗风设计风洞试验研究[J],高电压技术,2009,35(5):1206-1213.ZHAO Guifeng,XIE Qiang,LIANG Shuguo,et al.Wind tunnel test on wind resistant design of high-voltage transmission tower-line system[J].High Voltage Engineering,2009,35(5):1206-1213.
[15]张勇,严承涌,谢强.覆冰特高压输电塔线耦联体系风致动力响应风洞试验[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(28):94-99.ZHANG Yong,YAN Chengyong,XIE Qiang.Wind tunneltest on wind-induced dynamic responses of icing ultra high volt-age transmission tower-line coupling system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(28):94-99.
[16]肖正直,李正良,汪之松,等.1000kV汉江大跨越塔线体系风洞实验与风振响应分析[J],中国电机工程学报,2009,29(34):84-89.XIAO Zhengzhi,LI Zhengliang,WANG Zhisong,et al.Wind tunnel tests and wind-induced responses analysis of1000kV Hanjiang long span transmission line system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(34):84-89.
[17]Maeno Y,Hanada K,Sakamoto Y.Dynamic properties of UHV power transmission towers:full-scale tests and numeri-cal investigation[C]∥8th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering.San Francisco,USA:[s.n.],1984:12-34.
[18]Suzuki T.Seismic response characteristics of transmissions towers[A].10th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering.Balkema Rotterdam:[s.n.],1992:55-60.
[19]Ghobarah A,Aziz T S,EI-Attar M,et al.Response of trans-mission lines to multiple support excitations[J].Engineering Structures,1996,18(12):936-946.
[20]李宏男,陆呜,王前信.大跨越自立式高压输电塔-电缆体系的简化抗震计算[J].地震工程与工程振动,1990,10(2):81-89.LI Hongnan,LU Ming,WANG Qianxin.Simplified a seismic calculation of high voltage system consisting of long span trans-mission lines and their supporting towers[J].Earthquake En-gineering and Engineering Vibration,1990,10(2):81-89.
[21]Li H N,Shi W.Simplified models and experimental verification for coupled transmission tower-line system to seismic excitations[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2005,286(3):569-585.
[22]朱伯龙.结构抗震试验[M].北京:地震出版社,1989.ZHU Bolong.Dynamic testing of structures[M].Beijing,Chi-na:Seismological Press,1989.
[23]上海市建设和管理委员会.DGJ08-9-2003建筑抗震设计规程[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2003.Shanghai Construction and Management Committee.DGJ08-9-2003Code for seismic design of buildings[S].Beijing,China:China Architecture and Building Press,2003.
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