地震灾害避难弱者及其救助规划
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摘要
避难弱者主要指"老、弱、病、残、孕",在本人人身安全受到重大灾害威胁时,没有察觉能力或察觉困难,或者即使能察觉也不能或难以采取适当的避难措施。探讨了地震避难弱者的主要特征、灾害应激反应等。在编制城市避难场所发展规划和避难规划时,应设避难弱者的救助规划专项,确保避难弱者避难行动与避难生活安全。
The weak refugee of earthquake disaster evacuation means the old,the weak,the patients,the disabled and the pregnant woman.When the safety of human life are threatened by the significant disaster,they are unaware or difficult to aware of the danger,and appropriate refuge action could not be taken.The main characteristic and disaster emergency response of the weak refugee were discussed.The special assistance plan for the weak refugee should be considered when working out the development planning and evacuation plan,and then ensure escape success and life safety evacuation.
The weak refugee of earthquake disaster evacuation means the old,the weak,the patients,the disabled and the pregnant woman.When the safety of human life are threatened by the significant disaster,they are unaware or difficult to aware of the danger,and appropriate refuge action could not be taken.The main characteristic and disaster emergency response of the weak refugee were discussed.The special assistance plan for the weak refugee should be considered when working out the development planning and evacuation plan,and then ensure escape success and life safety evacuation.
引文
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[2]久松三二.耳が聞こえない被災者の救援活動から我が囯障害者施策を考える[EB/OL].http://www.yuki-enishi.com/enishi-2012-01.pdf.
[3]災害時要援護者の避難にする対策関検討会.災害時要援護者の避難支援ガイトライン[D].1996年3月.
[4]日本千葉県防災危機管理部.災害時要援護者避難支援の手引き[EB/OL].2012年5月21日,www.pref.chiba.lg.jp.
[5]王卫国,陈建伟,苏幼坡.日本地震灾害死者死因分析与思考.世界地震工程[J],2012,28(3):70-74.Wang Weiguo,Chen Jianwei,Su Youpo.Analysis of death causes and thinking for earthquake disaster in Japan[J].World Earthquake Engineer-ing,2012,28(3):70-74.
[6]上野易弘,西村名儒,浅野水辺,ほか.震災死と孤独死の死因分析とその法医学的検討.神户大学都市安全研究セン—タ研究報告[D],特別報告(2),35-46.
[7]泉田裕彥,片山善博,田中康夫,中川智子.“復興災害”を繰りさなぃ[M].東京:かもがわ(株)出版,2010,10
[8]苏幼坡,王兴国.城镇防灾避难场所规划设计[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2012.Su Youpo,Wang Xingguo.Disasters mitigation emergency congregate shelter[M].Beijing:China Architecture&building Press,2012.
[9]苏幼坡.城市灾害避难与避难疏散场所[M].北京:北京:中国科学技术出版社,2006.Su Youpo.Disaster evacuation and refuge for evacuation for urban regions[M].Beijing:China Science and Technology Press,2006.
[10]王卫国.唐山市应急避难场所的规划与设计[J].防灾减灾学院学报,2011,13(4):73-76.Wang Weiguo.Discussion on planning and construction for emergency refuge in Tangshan city[J].Journal of Institute of Disaster Prevention,2011,13(4):73-76.
[11]青木千帆子,権藤真由美.福祉避難所成立の経緯.障害学会第8回大会,日本爱知大学,2011-10-01-02.
[12]東日本大震災福祉避難所が大变らしぃ[EB/OL].http:/www.yuki-enishi.com/enishi-2012-01pdf
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