叠前地震数据弹性参数反演及反演策略浅析
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摘要
反演本质上具有不适定性,在反演过程中采用一定的策略很有必要.本文采用反射率法正演、共轭梯度法反演的正反演体系,从不同频带数据的最佳收敛步长、目标函数的组成等方面对反演的影响进行了探讨.在此基础上采用分频反演、分层反演及变权重目标函数的策略,利用海上测井弹性参数模型对地震叠前波形数据进行了弹性参数反演试验.通过对反演结果的分析指出对反演的中间结果进行质量评估和质量控制的必要性.
The inverse problem is ill-posed essentially,so the inversion strategy is very important in order to obtain reasonable inversion result.In this paper,the modeling and inversion system of reflectivity and conjugate gradient method is taken.The influences are discussed which the best convergence step of data with different frequency range and the composition of objective function have imposed on the inversion.The strategies of layer-divided inversion,frequency-divided inversion and varied objective function are taken based on the discussion,and the test of inversion for elastic parameters is done using pre-stack seismic data and marine logging model.The point of view is proposed that it is necessary to control the quality of inversion intermediate results in order to obtain stable and reasonable inversion final solution,based on the analysis on the inversion result.
The inverse problem is ill-posed essentially,so the inversion strategy is very important in order to obtain reasonable inversion result.In this paper,the modeling and inversion system of reflectivity and conjugate gradient method is taken.The influences are discussed which the best convergence step of data with different frequency range and the composition of objective function have imposed on the inversion.The strategies of layer-divided inversion,frequency-divided inversion and varied objective function are taken based on the discussion,and the test of inversion for elastic parameters is done using pre-stack seismic data and marine logging model.The point of view is proposed that it is necessary to control the quality of inversion intermediate results in order to obtain stable and reasonable inversion final solution,based on the analysis on the inversion result.
引文
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[13]李清仁,张向君,易维启,等.波动方程多尺度反演[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(3):273-276.Li Q R,Zhang X J,Yi W Q,et al.Multi-scale inversion ofwave equation[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),2005,40(3):273-276.
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[16]Crase E,Pica A,Noble M,et al.Robust elastic nonlinearwaveform inversion:Application to real data[J].Geophysics,1990,55(5):527-538.
[17]Pica A,Diet J P,Tarantola A.Nonlinear inversion of seismicreflection data in a laterally invariant medium[J].Geophysics,1990,55(3):284-293.
[18]Minkoff A E,Symes W W.Full waveform inversion of marinereflection data in the screen-wave domain[J].Geophysics,1997,62(2):540-553.
[19]宋海斌,Matsubayashi O.天然气水合物似海底反射层的全波形反演[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(1):42-46.Song H B,Matsubayashi O.Full waveform inversion of gashydrate-related bottom simulating reflectors[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2003,46(1):42-46.
[20]Rowbotham P S,Pratt R G.Improved inversion through useof the null space[J].Geophysics,1997,62(3):869-883.
[21]Kennett B L N.Seismic Wave Propagation in Stratified Media[M].London:Cambridge University Press,1983.
[22]Mallick S,Frazer L N.Practical aspects of reflectivity modeling[J].Geophysics,1987,52(10):1355-1364.
[23]Tarantola A.A strategy for nonlinear elastic inversion of seismicreflection data[J].Geophysics,1986,51(10):1893-1903.
[2]Jannane M,Beydoun W,Crase E,et al.Wavelengths of earthstructures that can be resolved from seismic reflection data[J].Geophysics,1989,54(7):906-910.
[3]Sain K,Kaila K L.Inversion of wide-angle seismic reflectiontimes with damped least squares[J].Geophysics,1994,59(11):1735-1744.
[4]Levin F K.Eatimating shear-wave velocities from P-wave andconverted-wave data[J].Geophysics,1999,64(2):504-507.
[5]Tarantola A.A strategy for nonlinear elastic inversion of seismicreflection data[J].Geophysics,1986,51(10):1893-1903.
[6]Pan G S,Young C Y,Castagna J P.An integrated target-oriented prestack elastic waveform inversion:Sensitivity,calibration,and application[J].Geophysics,1994,59(9):1392-1404.
[7]Xia G Y,Sen M K,Stoffa P L.1-D elastic waveform inversion:Adivide-and-conquer approach[J].Geophysics,1998,63(5):1670-1684.
[8]丁继才,常旭,刘伊克,等.反射地震数据的逐层波形反演[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(2):574-580.Ding J C,Chang X,Liu Y K,et al.Layer by layer waveforminversion of seismic reflection data[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(2):574-580.
[9]于建国,韩文功,刘力辉.分频反演方法及应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(2):193-197.Yu J G,Han W G,Liu L H.Frequency-divided inversion andapplication[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),2006,41(2):193-197.
[10]Bunks C,Saleck F M,Zaleski S,et al.Multiscale seismicwaveform inversion[J].Geophysics,1995,60(5):1457-1473.
[11]Pan J S,Wang X J,Zhang X K,et al.2Dmulti-scale hybridoptimization method for geophysical inversion and itsapplication[J].Applied Geophysics,2009,16(4):337-348.
[12]Pan J S,Zhang X K,Zhao P,et al.2Dmulti-scale non-linearseismic velocity imaging[J].Chinese J.Geophys.,2008,51(1):197-204.
[13]李清仁,张向君,易维启,等.波动方程多尺度反演[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(3):273-276.Li Q R,Zhang X J,Yi W Q,et al.Multi-scale inversion ofwave equation[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),2005,40(3):273-276.
[14]Dietrich M,Kormendi F.Perturbation of the plane-wavereflectivity of a depth-dependent elastic medium by weakinhomogeneities[J].Geophys.J.Int.,1990,100(2):203-214.
[15]Kormendi F,Dietrich M.Nonlinear waveform inversion ofscreen-wave seismograms in stratified elastic media[J].Geophysics,1991,56(5):664-674.
[16]Crase E,Pica A,Noble M,et al.Robust elastic nonlinearwaveform inversion:Application to real data[J].Geophysics,1990,55(5):527-538.
[17]Pica A,Diet J P,Tarantola A.Nonlinear inversion of seismicreflection data in a laterally invariant medium[J].Geophysics,1990,55(3):284-293.
[18]Minkoff A E,Symes W W.Full waveform inversion of marinereflection data in the screen-wave domain[J].Geophysics,1997,62(2):540-553.
[19]宋海斌,Matsubayashi O.天然气水合物似海底反射层的全波形反演[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(1):42-46.Song H B,Matsubayashi O.Full waveform inversion of gashydrate-related bottom simulating reflectors[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2003,46(1):42-46.
[20]Rowbotham P S,Pratt R G.Improved inversion through useof the null space[J].Geophysics,1997,62(3):869-883.
[21]Kennett B L N.Seismic Wave Propagation in Stratified Media[M].London:Cambridge University Press,1983.
[22]Mallick S,Frazer L N.Practical aspects of reflectivity modeling[J].Geophysics,1987,52(10):1355-1364.
[23]Tarantola A.A strategy for nonlinear elastic inversion of seismicreflection data[J].Geophysics,1986,51(10):1893-1903.
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