利用地震资料识别煤与瓦斯突出的探索研究
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摘要
三维地震勘探技术已经成为解决矿区煤与瓦斯突出区域的重要手段,而突出区域特殊的地球物理特征为这种技术的实施提供了可能。实验室测试资料表明:突出煤层的地震波速度约为正常煤层的1/3,因此煤层突出区域具备利用地震技术进行检测的物性条件;地震正演模拟结果显示,煤与瓦斯突出部位的煤层地震反射波的传播时间、能量和频率特征,与正常煤层存在明显差异;实际资料表明,煤层突出地段在地震资料上出现地震波至时间加长、振幅减弱、频率降低等特征,这与理论研究结果是一致的。初步分析认为:地震资料的时间、振幅和频率变化等特征,可以作为利用地面地震圈定煤与瓦斯突出区域的辅助标志。
The 3D seismic prospecting has been proven an important means to identify mine area coal and gas outburst,while the special geophysical characteristics provide the possibility for the technology's feasibility in that kind of areas.Laboratory tested data have demonstrated that: wave velocity in outburst coal seams is about 1/3 of that in normal coal seams,thus coal seams with outburst hazard possess physical property conditions to use the technology.The seismic forward modeling has shown: reflection propagation time,energy and frequency characteristics in coal seams in coal and gas outburst position are distinctly different from those in normal coal seams.Actual data have shown that characteristics of postponing time of arrival,amplitude weakening and frequency lowering present on seismic data in outburst sector,that are accord with theoretical results.Preliminary analysis has considered that time,amplitude and frequency variation characteristics on seismic data can be auxiliary indications to delineate outburst areas.
The 3D seismic prospecting has been proven an important means to identify mine area coal and gas outburst,while the special geophysical characteristics provide the possibility for the technology's feasibility in that kind of areas.Laboratory tested data have demonstrated that: wave velocity in outburst coal seams is about 1/3 of that in normal coal seams,thus coal seams with outburst hazard possess physical property conditions to use the technology.The seismic forward modeling has shown: reflection propagation time,energy and frequency characteristics in coal seams in coal and gas outburst position are distinctly different from those in normal coal seams.Actual data have shown that characteristics of postponing time of arrival,amplitude weakening and frequency lowering present on seismic data in outburst sector,that are accord with theoretical results.Preliminary analysis has considered that time,amplitude and frequency variation characteristics on seismic data can be auxiliary indications to delineate outburst areas.
引文
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[2]郭德勇,韩德馨,王新义.煤与瓦斯突出的构造物理环境及其应用[J].北京科技大学学报,2002,24(6):581-587.
[3]孟庆生,何樵登,朱建伟,等.基于BISQ模型双相各向同性介质中地震波数值模拟[J].吉林大学学报,2003,33(2):217-221.
[4]张会星,何兵寿,宁书年.双相介质中纵波方程的高阶有限差分法[J].物探与化探,2004,28(4):307-309.
[5]张许良,彭苏萍,杨瑞昭,等.瓦斯突出危险带的三维地震探测技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2003,31(12):12-15.
[6]杨双安,宁书年,张会星.基于双相介质理论的煤层甲烷预测技术[J].煤炭学报,2005,30(增):66～69.
[7]杨双安,宁书年,张会星,等.三维地震勘探技术预测瓦斯的可行性研究[J].煤田地质与勘探,2006,34(3):72-75.
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