零偏移距共反射面叠加原理及其在工程地震勘探中的应用
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摘要
对一种能增强工程地震勘探数据质量的新叠加技术——零偏移距共反射面叠加进行了研究。目前模拟零偏移距剖面常规方法存在需要精确宏速度模型及不能对地下反射界面产生最佳照明的问题,而零偏移距共反射面叠加具有完全数据驱动、与宏速度模型无关、能够产生对地下反射界面最佳照明及提高模拟零偏移距剖面成像质量的优势。针对零偏移距共反射面叠加还未在国内工程地震勘探中进行广泛应用的现状,详细介绍了零偏移距共反射面叠加基本原理及其实现过程,并使用一套人工合成断层模型数据及来自某高速公路段附近一条二维测线的实际工程地震勘探数据进行了测试计算。理论模型试算结果及在工程地震勘探实际资料处理中的应用表明零偏移距共反射面叠加可提高地震数据信噪比,增强地震反射同相轴连续性,改善模拟零偏移距剖面质量,是一种非常有发展前景的工程地震成像方法。
The zero-offset common reflection surface(ZO CRS) stack,which is a new stacking method to enhance the quality of engineering seismic data,was investigated.The conventional methods of zero-offset(ZO) section simulation need precise macro-velocity model and can not provide the best illumination for the reflecting interface in the subsurface.The ZO CRS stack is an entirely data-oriented seismic reflection imaging approach of ZO section simulation in a macro-velocity model independent way,and this method can provide the best illumination for the reflecting interface in the subsurface and enhance the simulated ZO section.Because the ZO CRS stack was not applied in Chinese engineering seismic prospecting widely,the theory and implementation of ZO CRS stack were introduced in detail.The ZO CRS stack was applied to a synthetic data set of fault model and a real data set from a two-dimensional seismic line acquired nearby a certain highway,respectively.Application of ZO CRS stack on synthetic examples and engineering seismic records showed that the technique can improve the stacked section by increasing the signal-to-noise ratio and enhancing the consistence of reflection event,and the results reveal that the ZO CRS stack method is a promising engineering seismic imaging method of ZO section simulation.
The zero-offset common reflection surface(ZO CRS) stack,which is a new stacking method to enhance the quality of engineering seismic data,was investigated.The conventional methods of zero-offset(ZO) section simulation need precise macro-velocity model and can not provide the best illumination for the reflecting interface in the subsurface.The ZO CRS stack is an entirely data-oriented seismic reflection imaging approach of ZO section simulation in a macro-velocity model independent way,and this method can provide the best illumination for the reflecting interface in the subsurface and enhance the simulated ZO section.Because the ZO CRS stack was not applied in Chinese engineering seismic prospecting widely,the theory and implementation of ZO CRS stack were introduced in detail.The ZO CRS stack was applied to a synthetic data set of fault model and a real data set from a two-dimensional seismic line acquired nearby a certain highway,respectively.Application of ZO CRS stack on synthetic examples and engineering seismic records showed that the technique can improve the stacked section by increasing the signal-to-noise ratio and enhancing the consistence of reflection event,and the results reveal that the ZO CRS stack method is a promising engineering seismic imaging method of ZO section simulation.
引文
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[10]Heil mann Z.CRS-stack-based Seismic Reflection I maging forLand Data in Ti me and Depth Domains[D].Karlsruhe:Karlsruhe University,2007.
[11]Liu G H,Li Q C,Tang X P.2D Zero-offset Common Reflec-tion Surface Stack and Its Application in Engineering SeismicProspecting[C]∥Huang R Q,Wang X B.The 4th InternationalConference on Environmental and Engineering Geophysics.North Brunswick:Science Press USA,2010:250-254.
[12]Vieth K U.Kinematic Wavefield Attributes in Seismic I ma-ging[D].Karlsruhe:Karlsruhe University,2001.
[13]刘国华,肖梅,李庆春.地震资料极化分析及MATLAB与VC++混合编程技术[J].地球科学与环境学报,2008,30(3):305-310.
[14]Hertweck T,Schleicher J,Mann J.Data Stacking BeyondCMP[J].The Leading Edge,2007,26(7):818-827.
[2]Hubral P,H cht G,Jager R.Seismic Illumination[J].TheLeading Edge,1999,18(11):1268-1271.
[3]Jager R.The Common-reflection-surface Stack Theory andApplication[D].Karlsruhe:Karlsruhe University,1999.
[4]Mann J.Extensions and Applications of the Common-reflec-tion-surface Stack Method[D].Karlsruhe:Karlsruhe University,2002.
[5]孟庆生,楚贤峰,郭秀军,等.高分辨率数据处理技术在近海工程地震勘探中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(3):1006-1010.
[6]王者江,何樵登,田钢,等.工程反射地震非常规方法野外施工的探讨[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2005,35(6):796-800.
[7]王跃飞,龚道平,蔡大江.复杂山地条件、特长、大埋深公路隧道工程地震勘探技术方法[J].物探与化探,2007,31(1):81-85.
[8]侯卫生,刘江平.工程地震勘探新进展[J].勘探地球物理进展,2002,25(6):59-64.
[9]张铁强,王兆湖,牛滨华.CRS叠加技术在国内的应用和发展[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2008,27(2):128-131.
[10]Heil mann Z.CRS-stack-based Seismic Reflection I maging forLand Data in Ti me and Depth Domains[D].Karlsruhe:Karlsruhe University,2007.
[11]Liu G H,Li Q C,Tang X P.2D Zero-offset Common Reflec-tion Surface Stack and Its Application in Engineering SeismicProspecting[C]∥Huang R Q,Wang X B.The 4th InternationalConference on Environmental and Engineering Geophysics.North Brunswick:Science Press USA,2010:250-254.
[12]Vieth K U.Kinematic Wavefield Attributes in Seismic I ma-ging[D].Karlsruhe:Karlsruhe University,2001.
[13]刘国华,肖梅,李庆春.地震资料极化分析及MATLAB与VC++混合编程技术[J].地球科学与环境学报,2008,30(3):305-310.
[14]Hertweck T,Schleicher J,Mann J.Data Stacking BeyondCMP[J].The Leading Edge,2007,26(7):818-827.
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