基于GIS的汶川地震滑坡灾害影响因子确定性系数分析
|
摘要
2008年5月12日14时28分,四川省汶川发生了8.0级大地震,地震诱发了数以万计的滑坡灾害。在大约48678km2的区域内,采用震后航空像片与多源卫星影像解译并结合野外调查验证的方法,共圈定出48007个地震滑坡灾害。在此基础上,选取地层、岩性、断裂、地震烈度、宏观震中、地表破裂调查点、地形坡度、坡向、顺坡向曲率、高程、水系与公路共12个影响因子作为汶川地震诱发滑坡影响因子,利用GIS强大的空间分析能力与确定性系数方法,对这12个影响因子进行敏感性研究。研究结果表明:(1)寒武与震旦系是地震滑坡易发地层,侵入岩组、灰岩为主的岩组是地震滑坡发育的高敏感性岩组;(2)地震滑坡受中央断裂影响最大,同时还受控于前山断裂,受后山断裂的影响较小;(3)地震滑坡易发性分别随着地震烈度、与震中的距离、与地表破裂点距离的增加而减少;(4)坡度大于40°是地震滑坡的易发坡度,E,ES方向为地震滑坡的易发坡向,高程范围为1000～2000m,尤其是高程1000～1500m范围为地震滑坡易发区;(5)400m水系缓冲区和2000m公路缓冲区范围内滑坡易发性较高。确定研究区内各地震滑坡影响因子最利于滑坡发生的数值区间,为进一步地震滑坡区域评价及预测奠定基础。
On May 12,2008 at 14:28(local time),a catastrophic earthquake with surface wave magnitude of 8.0 struck the Sichuan Province of China.Tens of thousands of landslides were triggered by this earthquake over a broad area.48 007 landslides were interpreted from aerial photographs and multi-source remote sensing imageries,and they are verified by field investigation.Based on the interpretation results,landslide triggering factors with certainty analysis is carried out by means of GIS spatial analysis.The 12 impact factors contributing to the Wenchuan earthquake-induced landslide occurrences include stratigraphic,lithology,main faults,seismic intensity,macroscopic epicenter,surface rupture points,slope gradient,aspect,profile curvature,elevation,drainages,and roads.The certainty factor analysis result shows that five categories of high landslide susceptibility value are as follows:(1) stratigraphic of Cambrian,Ordovician,Permian and Carboniferous,lithology of intrusive rock group and limestone rock group;(2) Wenchuan earthquake-induced landslides are most affected by the main central fault,and also controlled by the Qianshan fault,the little impact for Houshan fault;(3) there are correlations between landslide susceptibility and seismic intensity,distance from the epicenter and surface rupture zone;(4) slope gradient of more than 40°,aspects of east and southeast directions,elevations between 1 000 m and 2 000 m,especial between 1 000 m and 1 500 m were susceptible for landslide occurrence;and (5) distance to drainages is less than 400 m and less than 2 000 m away from roads.The results show that the numerical intervals of each factor are inclined to landslides.This work is the basement for further study of earthquake-induced landslides hazard evaluation and prediction.
On May 12,2008 at 14:28(local time),a catastrophic earthquake with surface wave magnitude of 8.0 struck the Sichuan Province of China.Tens of thousands of landslides were triggered by this earthquake over a broad area.48 007 landslides were interpreted from aerial photographs and multi-source remote sensing imageries,and they are verified by field investigation.Based on the interpretation results,landslide triggering factors with certainty analysis is carried out by means of GIS spatial analysis.The 12 impact factors contributing to the Wenchuan earthquake-induced landslide occurrences include stratigraphic,lithology,main faults,seismic intensity,macroscopic epicenter,surface rupture points,slope gradient,aspect,profile curvature,elevation,drainages,and roads.The certainty factor analysis result shows that five categories of high landslide susceptibility value are as follows:(1) stratigraphic of Cambrian,Ordovician,Permian and Carboniferous,lithology of intrusive rock group and limestone rock group;(2) Wenchuan earthquake-induced landslides are most affected by the main central fault,and also controlled by the Qianshan fault,the little impact for Houshan fault;(3) there are correlations between landslide susceptibility and seismic intensity,distance from the epicenter and surface rupture zone;(4) slope gradient of more than 40°,aspects of east and southeast directions,elevations between 1 000 m and 2 000 m,especial between 1 000 m and 1 500 m were susceptible for landslide occurrence;and (5) distance to drainages is less than 400 m and less than 2 000 m away from roads.The results show that the numerical intervals of each factor are inclined to landslides.This work is the basement for further study of earthquake-induced landslides hazard evaluation and prediction.
引文
[1]PARISE M,JIBSON R W.A seismic landslide susceptibility rating of geologic units based on analysis of characteristics of landslides triggered by the17January,1994Northridge,California earthquake[J].Engineering Geology,2000,58(3/4):251-270.
[2]KEEFER D K.Landslides caused by earthquakes[J].Geological Society of America Bulletin,1984,95(4):406-421.
[3]夏元友,熊海丰.边坡稳定性影响因素敏感性人工神经网络分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(16):2703-2707.(XIA Yuanyou,XIONG Haifeng.Sensibility analysis of slope stability based on artificial neural network[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(16):2703-2707.(in Chinese))
[4]汪洋,殷坤龙,安关峰.滑坡敏感因子的灰色关联分析[J].岩土力学,2004,25(1):91-93.(WANG Yang,YIN Kunlong,AN Guanfeng.Grey correlation analysis of sensitive factors of landslide[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2004,25(1):91-93.(in Chinese))
[5]柴波,殷坤龙,汪洋,等.基于影响因素分布模型的滑坡稳定性敏感分析[J].岩土力学,2007,28(12):2624-2628.(CHAI Bo,YIN Kunlong,WANG Yang,et al.Sensitivity analysis of landslide stability based on distribution models of influencing factors[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(12):2624-2628.(in Chinese))
[6]石豫川,冯文凯,刘汉超,等.特大多期复合型滑坡稳定性评价及因素敏感性分析[J].岩土力学,2004,25(6):975-980.(SHI Yuchuan,FENG Wenkai,LIU Hanchao,et al.Stability evaluation for giant and multiple landslide and sensitive analysis of factors[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2004,25(6):975-980.(in Chinese))
[7]倪恒,刘佑荣,龙治国.正交设计在滑坡敏感性分析中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(7):989-992.(NI Heng,LIU Yourong,LONG Zhiguo.Applications of orthogonal design to sensitivity analysis of landslide[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(7):989-992.(in Chinese))
[8]兰恒星,伍法权,周成虎,等.基于GIS的云南小江流域滑坡因子敏感性分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(10):1500-1506.(LAN Hengxing,WU Faquan,ZHOU Chenghu,et al.Analysis of susceptibility of GIS based landslide triggering factors in Yunnan Xiaojiang watershed[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(10):1500-1506.(in Chinese))
[9]兰恒星,伍法权,王思敬.基于GIS的滑坡CF多元回归模型及其应用[J].山地学报,2002,20(6):732-737.(LAN Hengxing,WU Faquan,WANG Sijing.GIS based landslide CF multi-variable regression model and its application[J].Journal of Mountain Science,2002,20(6):732-737.(in Chinese))
[10]陈晓利,冉洪流,祁生文.1976年龙陵地震诱发滑坡的影响因子敏感性分析[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2009,45(1):104-110.(CHEN Xiaoli,RAN Hongliu,QI Shengwen.Triggering factors susceptibility of earthquake-induced landslides in1976Longling Earthquake[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis,2009,45(1):104-110.(in Chinese))
[11]周翠英,林春秀,刘祚秋,等.基于GIS技术的区域性滑坡发生概率分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(6):911-914.(ZHOU Cuiying,LIN Chunxiu,LIU Zuoqiu,et al.Spatial probability analysis of landslide based on GIS technology[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(6):911-914.(in Chinese))
[12]李雪平,唐辉明.贝叶斯信息标准在滑坡因子敏感性分析中的应用[J].岩土力学,2006,27(8):1393-1397.(LI Xueping,TANG Huiming.Application of Bayesian information criterion to sensitivity analysis of landslide factor[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2006,27(8):1393-1397.(in Chinese))
[13]张丽君,江思宏.区域性滑坡敏感性评价的数据驱动权重模型及应用[J].水文地质工程地质,2004,(6):33-36.(ZHANG Lijun,JIANG Sihong.Data driver weight model for regional landslide susceptibility assessment and its application[J].Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology,2004,(6):33-36.(in Chinese))
[14]张培震,徐锡伟,闻学泽,等.2008年汶川8.0级地震发震断裂的滑动速率、复发周期和构造成因[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(4):1066-1073.(ZHANG Peizhen,XU Xiwei,WEN Xueze,et al.Slip rates and recurrence intervals of the Longmen Shan active fault zone and tectonic implications for the mechanism of the May12Wenchuan earthquake,2008,Sichuan,China[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2008,51(4):1066-1073.(in Chinese))
[15]徐锡伟,闻学泽,叶建青,等.汶川Ms8.0地震地表破裂带及其发震构造[J].地震地质,2008,30(3):597-629.(XU Xiwei,WEN Xueze,YE Jianqing,et al.The Ms8.0Wenchuan earthquake surface ruptures and its seismogenic structure[J].Seismology and Geology,2008,30(3):597-629.(in Chinese))
[16]殷跃平.汶川八级地震地质灾害研究[J].工程地质学报,2008,(4):7-12.(YIN Yueping.Researches on the geo-hazards triggered by Wenchuan Earthquake,Sichuan[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2008,(4):7-12.(in Chinese))
[17]林良俊,方成,李小杰,等.“5.12”汶川地震灾区地质灾害情况初步分析[J].水文地质工程地质,2008,(4):1-4.(LIN Liangjun,FANG Cheng,LI Xiaojie,et al.Preliminary analysis of geological hazards in disaster area of“5.12”Wenchuan earthquake[J].Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology,2008,(4):1-4.(in Chinese))
[18]谢洪,王士革,孔纪名.“5.12”汶川地震次生山地灾害的分布与特点[J].山地学报,2008,26(4):396-401.(XIE Hong,WANG Shige,Kong Jiming.Distribution and characteristics of mountain hazards induced by the earthquake of May12in Wenchuan,China[J].Journal of Mountain Science,2008,26(4):396-401.(in Chinese))
[19]苏凤环,刘洪江,韩用顺.汶川地震山地灾害遥感快速提取及其分布特点分析[J].遥感学报,2008,12(6):956-963.(SU Fenghuan,LIU Hongjiang,HAN Yongshun.The extraction of mountain hazard induced by Wenchuan Earthquake and analysis of its distributing characteristic[J].Journal of Remote Sensing,2008,12(6):956-963.(in Chinese))
[20]黄润秋,李为乐.“5.12”汶川大地震触发地质灾害的发育分布规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(12):2585-2592.(HUANG Runqiu,LI Weile.Research on development and distribution rules of Geohazards induced by Wenchuan Earthquake on12th May,2008[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(12):2585-2592.(in Chinese))
[21]范建容,田兵伟,程根伟,等.基于多源遥感数据的5.12汶川地震诱发堰塞体信息提取[J].山地学报,2008,26(3):257-262.(FAN Jianrong,TIAN Bingwei,CHENG Genwei,et al.Investigation on damming object induced by the earthquake of Wenchuan on May12based on multi-platform remote sensing[J].Journal of Mountain Science,2008,26(3):257-262.(in Chinese))
[22]王世新,周艺,魏成阶,等.汶川地震重灾区堰塞湖次生灾害危险性遥感评价[J].遥感学报,2008,12(6):900-907.(WANG Shixin,ZHOU Yi,WEI Chengjie,et al.Risk evaluation on the secondary disasters of dammed lakes using remote sensing datasets in the Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Remote Sensing,2008,12(6):900-907.(in Chinese))
[23]陈晓清,崔鹏,程尊兰,等.“5.12”汶川地震堰塞湖危险性应急评估[J].地学前缘,2008,15(4):244-249.(CHEN Xiaoqing,CUI Peng,CHENG Zunlan,et al.Emergency risk assessment of dammed lakes caused by the Wenchuan Earthquake on May12,2008[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2008,15(4):244-249.(in Chinese))
[24]许冲,戴福初,陈剑,等.汶川Ms8.0地震重灾区次生地质灾害遥感精细解译研究[J].遥感学报,2009,13(4):1-9.(XU Chong,DAI Fuchu,CHEN Jian,et al.Identification and analysis of secondary geological hazards triggered by a magnitude8.0Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Remote Sensing,2009,13(4):1-9.(in Chinese))
[25]许冲,戴福初,姚鑫.汶川地震诱发滑坡灾害的数量与面积[J].科技导报,2009,27(11):79-81.(XU Chong,DAI Fuchu,YAO Xin.Incidence number and affected area of Wenchuan earthquake-induced landslides[J].Science and Technology Review,2009,27(11):79-81.(in Chinese))
[26]SHORTLIFFE E H,BUCHANAN B G.A model of inexact reasoning in medicine[J].Mathematical Biosciences,1975,23(3):351-379.
[27]HECKERMAN D.Probabilistic Interpretation for MYCIN′s Certainty Factors[C]//Proceedings:UAI.[S.l.]:[s.n.],1985:167-196.
[28]WANG H B,SASSA K,XU W Y.Analysis of a spatial distribution of landslides triggered by the2004Chuetsu earthquakes of Niigata Prefecture,Japan[J].Natural Hazards,2007,41(1):43-60.
[29]李志强,袁一凡,李晓丽,等.对汶川地震宏观震中和极震区的认识[J].地震地质,2008,30(3):768-777.(LI Zhiqiang,YUAN Yifan,LI Xiaoli,et al.Some insights into the macro-epicenter and meizoseismal region of Wenchuan earthquake[J].Seismology and Geology,2008,30(3):768-777.(in Chinese))
[30]冉勇康,陈立春,陈桂华,等.汶川Ms8.0地震发震断裂大地震原地重复现象初析[J].地震地质,2008,30(3):630-643.(RAN Yongkang,CHEN Lichun,CHEN Guihua,et al.Primary analysis of in-situ recurrence of large earthquake along seismogenic fault of the Ms8.0Wenchuan earthquake[J].Seismology and Geology,2008,30(3):630-643.(in Chinese))
[2]KEEFER D K.Landslides caused by earthquakes[J].Geological Society of America Bulletin,1984,95(4):406-421.
[3]夏元友,熊海丰.边坡稳定性影响因素敏感性人工神经网络分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(16):2703-2707.(XIA Yuanyou,XIONG Haifeng.Sensibility analysis of slope stability based on artificial neural network[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(16):2703-2707.(in Chinese))
[4]汪洋,殷坤龙,安关峰.滑坡敏感因子的灰色关联分析[J].岩土力学,2004,25(1):91-93.(WANG Yang,YIN Kunlong,AN Guanfeng.Grey correlation analysis of sensitive factors of landslide[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2004,25(1):91-93.(in Chinese))
[5]柴波,殷坤龙,汪洋,等.基于影响因素分布模型的滑坡稳定性敏感分析[J].岩土力学,2007,28(12):2624-2628.(CHAI Bo,YIN Kunlong,WANG Yang,et al.Sensitivity analysis of landslide stability based on distribution models of influencing factors[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(12):2624-2628.(in Chinese))
[6]石豫川,冯文凯,刘汉超,等.特大多期复合型滑坡稳定性评价及因素敏感性分析[J].岩土力学,2004,25(6):975-980.(SHI Yuchuan,FENG Wenkai,LIU Hanchao,et al.Stability evaluation for giant and multiple landslide and sensitive analysis of factors[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2004,25(6):975-980.(in Chinese))
[7]倪恒,刘佑荣,龙治国.正交设计在滑坡敏感性分析中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(7):989-992.(NI Heng,LIU Yourong,LONG Zhiguo.Applications of orthogonal design to sensitivity analysis of landslide[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(7):989-992.(in Chinese))
[8]兰恒星,伍法权,周成虎,等.基于GIS的云南小江流域滑坡因子敏感性分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(10):1500-1506.(LAN Hengxing,WU Faquan,ZHOU Chenghu,et al.Analysis of susceptibility of GIS based landslide triggering factors in Yunnan Xiaojiang watershed[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(10):1500-1506.(in Chinese))
[9]兰恒星,伍法权,王思敬.基于GIS的滑坡CF多元回归模型及其应用[J].山地学报,2002,20(6):732-737.(LAN Hengxing,WU Faquan,WANG Sijing.GIS based landslide CF multi-variable regression model and its application[J].Journal of Mountain Science,2002,20(6):732-737.(in Chinese))
[10]陈晓利,冉洪流,祁生文.1976年龙陵地震诱发滑坡的影响因子敏感性分析[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2009,45(1):104-110.(CHEN Xiaoli,RAN Hongliu,QI Shengwen.Triggering factors susceptibility of earthquake-induced landslides in1976Longling Earthquake[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis,2009,45(1):104-110.(in Chinese))
[11]周翠英,林春秀,刘祚秋,等.基于GIS技术的区域性滑坡发生概率分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(6):911-914.(ZHOU Cuiying,LIN Chunxiu,LIU Zuoqiu,et al.Spatial probability analysis of landslide based on GIS technology[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(6):911-914.(in Chinese))
[12]李雪平,唐辉明.贝叶斯信息标准在滑坡因子敏感性分析中的应用[J].岩土力学,2006,27(8):1393-1397.(LI Xueping,TANG Huiming.Application of Bayesian information criterion to sensitivity analysis of landslide factor[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2006,27(8):1393-1397.(in Chinese))
[13]张丽君,江思宏.区域性滑坡敏感性评价的数据驱动权重模型及应用[J].水文地质工程地质,2004,(6):33-36.(ZHANG Lijun,JIANG Sihong.Data driver weight model for regional landslide susceptibility assessment and its application[J].Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology,2004,(6):33-36.(in Chinese))
[14]张培震,徐锡伟,闻学泽,等.2008年汶川8.0级地震发震断裂的滑动速率、复发周期和构造成因[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(4):1066-1073.(ZHANG Peizhen,XU Xiwei,WEN Xueze,et al.Slip rates and recurrence intervals of the Longmen Shan active fault zone and tectonic implications for the mechanism of the May12Wenchuan earthquake,2008,Sichuan,China[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2008,51(4):1066-1073.(in Chinese))
[15]徐锡伟,闻学泽,叶建青,等.汶川Ms8.0地震地表破裂带及其发震构造[J].地震地质,2008,30(3):597-629.(XU Xiwei,WEN Xueze,YE Jianqing,et al.The Ms8.0Wenchuan earthquake surface ruptures and its seismogenic structure[J].Seismology and Geology,2008,30(3):597-629.(in Chinese))
[16]殷跃平.汶川八级地震地质灾害研究[J].工程地质学报,2008,(4):7-12.(YIN Yueping.Researches on the geo-hazards triggered by Wenchuan Earthquake,Sichuan[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2008,(4):7-12.(in Chinese))
[17]林良俊,方成,李小杰,等.“5.12”汶川地震灾区地质灾害情况初步分析[J].水文地质工程地质,2008,(4):1-4.(LIN Liangjun,FANG Cheng,LI Xiaojie,et al.Preliminary analysis of geological hazards in disaster area of“5.12”Wenchuan earthquake[J].Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology,2008,(4):1-4.(in Chinese))
[18]谢洪,王士革,孔纪名.“5.12”汶川地震次生山地灾害的分布与特点[J].山地学报,2008,26(4):396-401.(XIE Hong,WANG Shige,Kong Jiming.Distribution and characteristics of mountain hazards induced by the earthquake of May12in Wenchuan,China[J].Journal of Mountain Science,2008,26(4):396-401.(in Chinese))
[19]苏凤环,刘洪江,韩用顺.汶川地震山地灾害遥感快速提取及其分布特点分析[J].遥感学报,2008,12(6):956-963.(SU Fenghuan,LIU Hongjiang,HAN Yongshun.The extraction of mountain hazard induced by Wenchuan Earthquake and analysis of its distributing characteristic[J].Journal of Remote Sensing,2008,12(6):956-963.(in Chinese))
[20]黄润秋,李为乐.“5.12”汶川大地震触发地质灾害的发育分布规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(12):2585-2592.(HUANG Runqiu,LI Weile.Research on development and distribution rules of Geohazards induced by Wenchuan Earthquake on12th May,2008[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(12):2585-2592.(in Chinese))
[21]范建容,田兵伟,程根伟,等.基于多源遥感数据的5.12汶川地震诱发堰塞体信息提取[J].山地学报,2008,26(3):257-262.(FAN Jianrong,TIAN Bingwei,CHENG Genwei,et al.Investigation on damming object induced by the earthquake of Wenchuan on May12based on multi-platform remote sensing[J].Journal of Mountain Science,2008,26(3):257-262.(in Chinese))
[22]王世新,周艺,魏成阶,等.汶川地震重灾区堰塞湖次生灾害危险性遥感评价[J].遥感学报,2008,12(6):900-907.(WANG Shixin,ZHOU Yi,WEI Chengjie,et al.Risk evaluation on the secondary disasters of dammed lakes using remote sensing datasets in the Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Remote Sensing,2008,12(6):900-907.(in Chinese))
[23]陈晓清,崔鹏,程尊兰,等.“5.12”汶川地震堰塞湖危险性应急评估[J].地学前缘,2008,15(4):244-249.(CHEN Xiaoqing,CUI Peng,CHENG Zunlan,et al.Emergency risk assessment of dammed lakes caused by the Wenchuan Earthquake on May12,2008[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2008,15(4):244-249.(in Chinese))
[24]许冲,戴福初,陈剑,等.汶川Ms8.0地震重灾区次生地质灾害遥感精细解译研究[J].遥感学报,2009,13(4):1-9.(XU Chong,DAI Fuchu,CHEN Jian,et al.Identification and analysis of secondary geological hazards triggered by a magnitude8.0Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Remote Sensing,2009,13(4):1-9.(in Chinese))
[25]许冲,戴福初,姚鑫.汶川地震诱发滑坡灾害的数量与面积[J].科技导报,2009,27(11):79-81.(XU Chong,DAI Fuchu,YAO Xin.Incidence number and affected area of Wenchuan earthquake-induced landslides[J].Science and Technology Review,2009,27(11):79-81.(in Chinese))
[26]SHORTLIFFE E H,BUCHANAN B G.A model of inexact reasoning in medicine[J].Mathematical Biosciences,1975,23(3):351-379.
[27]HECKERMAN D.Probabilistic Interpretation for MYCIN′s Certainty Factors[C]//Proceedings:UAI.[S.l.]:[s.n.],1985:167-196.
[28]WANG H B,SASSA K,XU W Y.Analysis of a spatial distribution of landslides triggered by the2004Chuetsu earthquakes of Niigata Prefecture,Japan[J].Natural Hazards,2007,41(1):43-60.
[29]李志强,袁一凡,李晓丽,等.对汶川地震宏观震中和极震区的认识[J].地震地质,2008,30(3):768-777.(LI Zhiqiang,YUAN Yifan,LI Xiaoli,et al.Some insights into the macro-epicenter and meizoseismal region of Wenchuan earthquake[J].Seismology and Geology,2008,30(3):768-777.(in Chinese))
[30]冉勇康,陈立春,陈桂华,等.汶川Ms8.0地震发震断裂大地震原地重复现象初析[J].地震地质,2008,30(3):630-643.(RAN Yongkang,CHEN Lichun,CHEN Guihua,et al.Primary analysis of in-situ recurrence of large earthquake along seismogenic fault of the Ms8.0Wenchuan earthquake[J].Seismology and Geology,2008,30(3):630-643.(in Chinese))
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心