地震灾区救护护士心理反应与应对方式的分析
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摘要
目的深入了解和探讨地震灾区救护护士的真实心理体验。方法运用质性研究的访谈方法,深入访问9家省市医院10名参与地震灾区一线的救护护士。结果护士在地震灾区的心理反应有4个主题:震撼和恐惧、悲伤和自豪感、不可控感和创伤后应激反应;应对方式有1个主题:幽默语言和善意玩笑、寻求归属感、寻找最有效的个人宣泄方法。结论加强灾区救护护士科学有效的心理指导,各级医院应建立常规化应对灾害的各种训练。
Objective To describe real psychological experience of nurses working in the earthquake-stricken area. Methods Ten nurses from 9 provincial or citizen hospitals were interviewed,who participate the rescue in the forefront of the earthquake-stricken area. Results There were four themes sublimated from the nurses' psychological reaction:shock and fear,grief and sense of pride,uncontrollable sense and post-traumatic stress reaction. Coping styles had three themes:humors language and well-meaning jokes,to seek belongingness,to find the most effective method of personal catharsis. Conclusions It's necessary to strengthen the effective psychological guidance to the nurses working in the disaster area,and the training of conventional respond to disasters should be routinization.
Objective To describe real psychological experience of nurses working in the earthquake-stricken area. Methods Ten nurses from 9 provincial or citizen hospitals were interviewed,who participate the rescue in the forefront of the earthquake-stricken area. Results There were four themes sublimated from the nurses' psychological reaction:shock and fear,grief and sense of pride,uncontrollable sense and post-traumatic stress reaction. Coping styles had three themes:humors language and well-meaning jokes,to seek belongingness,to find the most effective method of personal catharsis. Conclusions It's necessary to strengthen the effective psychological guidance to the nurses working in the disaster area,and the training of conventional respond to disasters should be routinization.
引文
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[2]Patton MQ.Varietyin Qualitative.Inquiry:Theoretical orientations.In Qualitative Reasesrch and Evaluation Methods[M].3rd ed.California:Thousand Oaks,2002:75-142.
[3]赵一鸣.医学伦理学:医学研究中不可回避的问题[J].中华医学杂志,2005,85(6):424-426.
[4]李小妹.护理学导论[M].2版:北京:人民卫生出版社,2006:74-75.
[5]Patton MQ.Howtousequalitativemethodsinevaluation[M].London:Sage,1987:108-143.
[6]Oakley A.Interviewing women:Acontradiction in terms.In:Roberts H,ed.Doing feminist research[M].London:Routledgeand Kegan Paul,1981:30-61.
[7]Britten N.Qualitative Research:Qualitative interviews in medical re-search[J].BMJ,1995,311:251-253.
[8]Streubert H,Carpenter D.护理质性研究,促进人道主义的权威[M].钟玉娟,李智峰,张莉琴译.台北:玉南图书出版公司,2003:115.
[9]陈向明.质的研究方法与社会科学研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2000:472,290.
[10]Colaizzi P.Psychological research as the phenomenologists view it.In:Vaile R,King M editors.Existential-phenomenological alternatives for psychology[M].New York:Oxford University Press,1978,48-71.
[11]李心天.医学心理学[M],北京:中国协和医科大学出版社,1998:297-396.
[12]陈维樑，钟莠筠．哀伤心理咨询［M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2006:2.
[13]新华字典[M].北京:商务印书馆,1979:166.
[14]武志红.远离你自我实现的陷阱[N].广州日报,2008年7月5日,B21.
[15]Dennis Coom.心理学导论[M].郑钢译,北京:中国轻工业出版社,2004:508.
[16]久留一郎,罗丹.灾害受害者的心理与社会支持[J].湖南医科大学学报(社会科学版),2000,4(2):79-82.
[17]郑日昌.灾害的心理应对与心理援助[J].北京师范大学学报(社会科学版),2003,5:28-31.
[18]张玉茹.突发社会灾难的危机干预研究[J].河南师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2004,31(1):93-95.
[19]张黎黎.钱铭怡,美国重大灾难及危机的国家心理卫生服务系统[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2004,18(6):395-397.
[20]阿曼达·里普利.遇到灾害,我们如何逃生[J].青年文摘,2008,8:62-63.
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