汶川地震重灾区群众五态性格变化及其与心身状况、应对方式关系的研究
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摘要
目的调查汶川地震一年半后灾区群众五态性格变化情况及其与灾后心身状况、应对行为的关系。方法采用五态性格量表、症状自评量表(SCL-90)、应对方式问卷对北川、绵阳地区480名受灾群众进行调查。结果 (1)五态性格调查中,太阳得分显著低于常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);少阳、阴阳和平、太阴维度得分均高于常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);少阴维度得分与常模无明显差异。(2)五态性格与心身健康状况相关分析显示,强迫、人际敏感因子得分与太阳存在显著负相关(P<0.05);躯体化、强迫、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖、偏执因子得分与少阳存在显著负相关(P<0.05);恐怖因子与阴阳和平存在显著负相关(P<0.01);SCL-90各因子均与少阴无显著相关(P>0.05);人际敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性因子与太阴存在显著正相关(P<0.01)。(3)应对方式各维度均与太阳存在显著正相关(P<0.05);自责、幻想、合理化维度与少阳存在显著正相关(P<0.01);解决问题、幻想与阴阳和平存在显著正相关(P<0.05);自责、幻想、退避、合理化与太阴存在显著正相关(P<0.01)。结论震后一年半灾区群众五态性格已发生变化。心身健康状况和应对方式与五态性格有密切关系,性格偏阳者心身健康状况优于偏阴者。
Objective To investigate the five-pattern personality changes and to analyze their correlations with the physical-mental conditions and coping styles among the Wenchuan earthquake victims in the hardest-hit areas 1.5 years after disaster.Methods A total of 480 earthquake victims from Beichuan and Mianyang were investigated using Five-Pattern Personality Inventory,SCL-90 questionnaire,and Coping Style Questionnaire.Results(1)The score of Taiyang dimension in the earthquake-hit areas was significantly lower than the norm(P<0.001);the scores of Shaoyang dimension,Yin-Yang equilibrium dimension and Taiyin dimension were higher than the norm(P<0.001);no significant differences were found between the norm and the score of Shaoyin.(2)Correlation analysis between the five-pattern personality and physical-mental condition revealed negative correlations between the score of Taiyang dimension and the scores of compulsion and interpersonal sensitivity(P<0.05),negative correlations between the score of Shaoyang dimension and factor scores of somatization,obsession-compulsion,depression,anxiety,phobic anxiety,paranoid ideation(P<0.05),and negative correlations between Phobic anxiety factor and Yin-Yang equilibrium(P<0.01).No significant associations between Shaoyang and each factor of SCL-90 were noted(P>0.05).On the other hand,Taiyin was positively correlated with interpersonal sensitivity,obsession-compulsion,anxiety,hostility,phobic anxiety,paranoid ideation and psychosis(P<0.01).(3)Taiyang showed significant positive correlations with each dimension of coping style(P<0.05).Shaoyang showed significant positive correlations with self-reproach,fantasy and rationalization(P<0.01).Yin-Yang equilibrium displayed significant positive correlations with problem-solving and fantasy(P<0.05).Taiyin showed significant positive correlations with self-reproach,fantasy,retreat and rationalization(P<0.01).Conclusion Five-pattern personality among victims in the hardest-hit areas of Wenchuan has altered 1.5 years after the earthquake.Physical-mental conditions and coping styles are both closely correlated with five-pattern personality.Physical-mental conditions in subjects of Yang personality are better than those of Yin personality.
Objective To investigate the five-pattern personality changes and to analyze their correlations with the physical-mental conditions and coping styles among the Wenchuan earthquake victims in the hardest-hit areas 1.5 years after disaster.Methods A total of 480 earthquake victims from Beichuan and Mianyang were investigated using Five-Pattern Personality Inventory,SCL-90 questionnaire,and Coping Style Questionnaire.Results(1)The score of Taiyang dimension in the earthquake-hit areas was significantly lower than the norm(P<0.001);the scores of Shaoyang dimension,Yin-Yang equilibrium dimension and Taiyin dimension were higher than the norm(P<0.001);no significant differences were found between the norm and the score of Shaoyin.(2)Correlation analysis between the five-pattern personality and physical-mental condition revealed negative correlations between the score of Taiyang dimension and the scores of compulsion and interpersonal sensitivity(P<0.05),negative correlations between the score of Shaoyang dimension and factor scores of somatization,obsession-compulsion,depression,anxiety,phobic anxiety,paranoid ideation(P<0.05),and negative correlations between Phobic anxiety factor and Yin-Yang equilibrium(P<0.01).No significant associations between Shaoyang and each factor of SCL-90 were noted(P>0.05).On the other hand,Taiyin was positively correlated with interpersonal sensitivity,obsession-compulsion,anxiety,hostility,phobic anxiety,paranoid ideation and psychosis(P<0.01).(3)Taiyang showed significant positive correlations with each dimension of coping style(P<0.05).Shaoyang showed significant positive correlations with self-reproach,fantasy and rationalization(P<0.01).Yin-Yang equilibrium displayed significant positive correlations with problem-solving and fantasy(P<0.05).Taiyin showed significant positive correlations with self-reproach,fantasy,retreat and rationalization(P<0.01).Conclusion Five-pattern personality among victims in the hardest-hit areas of Wenchuan has altered 1.5 years after the earthquake.Physical-mental conditions and coping styles are both closely correlated with five-pattern personality.Physical-mental conditions in subjects of Yang personality are better than those of Yin personality.
引文
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2汪向东,王希林.心理卫生评定量表手册(增订版)[M].北京:中国心理卫生杂志社,l999.
3贾福军,扬德森.唐山大地震中截瘫者21年后MMPI分析[J].中国心理卫生杂志,1999,13(5):297.
4灵枢经[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1997.
5吴萍娜.积极心理学与灾后心理重建[J].福建医科大学学报,2009,10(2):36-39.
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