地震伤病规律与野战医疗队抽组
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摘要
目的:探讨地震灾难后医疗队抽组与使用的方法及其意义。方法:以汶川大地震医疗队中所救治的疾病种类为依据,分析灾后3~70天疾病谱变化规律,探讨野战医疗队的抽组与使用。结果:灾后1周内,外伤/伤口类疾病为主,医疗队救治伤病员中占82%。1周后,内科疾病明显上升,占62%;且急性呼吸道感染疾病发病率较高。急性肠炎比例较低,占内科疾病中的10%。1月后救治疾病种类基本与常规门诊相同,皮肤病等其它疾病发病率明显升高,约占36%。结论:①早期(灾后7天内),医疗队抽组应以外科人员为主。②中期(灾后7~30天),应以内外科人员为主。③晚期(灾后1个月以后),应以常见疾病诊治为主抽组人员。
Objective:To discuss the sampling and use of field medical team for earthquake medical rescue and its significance.Method: To explore the sampling and use of medical team based on the analysis of the law of clinical diseases features from 3 to 70 days after the earthquake.Results: The wounds mainly occurred in one week which occupy was 82%.The internal disease rose up to 62% after one week and the morbidity of acute respiratory disease rose evidently.But the rate of acute enterocolities was only 10%.The kind of the diseases was the same as the routine clinic disease and the dermatosis rate rose up to 36% after one month.Conclusions: The major sampled staff must be surgeries in the early rescues stage.But the major roles should be the internal and surgery doctors in the medium stage.In the later stage the sampled staff should stress the treatment for common disease.
Objective:To discuss the sampling and use of field medical team for earthquake medical rescue and its significance.Method: To explore the sampling and use of medical team based on the analysis of the law of clinical diseases features from 3 to 70 days after the earthquake.Results: The wounds mainly occurred in one week which occupy was 82%.The internal disease rose up to 62% after one week and the morbidity of acute respiratory disease rose evidently.But the rate of acute enterocolities was only 10%.The kind of the diseases was the same as the routine clinic disease and the dermatosis rate rose up to 36% after one month.Conclusions: The major sampled staff must be surgeries in the early rescues stage.But the major roles should be the internal and surgery doctors in the medium stage.In the later stage the sampled staff should stress the treatment for common disease.
引文
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[2]刘爱兵,王海燕,郝钦芳,等.从疾病谱变化规律划分灾难医学救援阶段及其意义[J].中华急诊医学杂志,2006,15(12):1063-1066.
[3]孙志刚.军队医院与灾害救援-以地震灾害救援为例[J].中国医院,2003,7(8):51-52.
[4]席梅,侯建盛,刘爱兵.国际地震救援行动中的医疗力量配置分析[J].灾害学,2007,22(4):138-141.
[5]韩文强,胡文东,文治洪.抗震救援人员心理应激反应及干预对策[J].卫生软科学,2008,22(6):483-485.
[6]吴坤仪,王献双.云南澜沧、耿马地震医疗卫生保障工作探讨[J].云南医药,1990,11(5):258-261.
[7]张庆江.地震灾害紧急医疗救援的难点及对策探讨[J].武警医学,2006,17(10):788-789.
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