汶川地震后一年半绵阳、北川受灾群众心理卫生状况及其与五态人格的关系
|
摘要
目的调研汶川地震后一年半绵阳、北川受灾群众心理卫生状况及其与五态人格的关系。方法用症状自评量表(SCL-90)和五态人格问卷调查绵阳和北川480名群众。结果 SCL-90总分≥160分(筛查阳性)者占21.2%,躯体化、强迫等7个因子得分与常模存在统计学差异(P<0.01)。震后一年半SCL-90除躯体化以外的其他因子分均显著低于震后初期(P<0.001)。农村受灾群众心理卫生状况差于城市。不同年龄组间SCL-90总分与因子分无统计学差异。太阳人格与强迫和人际敏感得分呈显著负相关;少阳人格与抑郁、焦虑等因子呈显著负相关;阴阳平和人格与恐怖因子得分呈显著负相关;少阴人格与SCL-90九项因子得分均无明显相关;太阴人格除与躯体化和强迫无明显相关外,与其他7个因子均呈显著正相关。结论地震后一年半受灾群众心理卫生状况好于震后初期,低于全国正常水平,农村低于城镇,太阴人格特征者心理卫生状况偏差。灾区心理卫生工作仍需重视。
Objective To study the mental health status of victims in Mianyang and Beichuan areas 1.5 years after the Wenchuan Earthquake and to explore its correlation with the Five-Pattern Personality.Methods The Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90) and the Five-Pattern Personality Questionnaire were used to investigate 480 victims in these areas.Results Cases with SCL-90 total score≥160(screen positive) accounted for 21.2% of the surveyed population.There were significant differences between victims and the norm in scale scores for seven factors on SCL-90,such as somatization and compulsion(P<0.01).Except for somatization,the other factors examined had significantly lower scores than those reported during the early months of the disaster(P<0.001).The mental health status of the rural cases was inferior to that of the urban cases(P<0.01).Among different age groups,however,there were no significant differences in both the SCL-90 total scores and the individual factor scores(P>0.05).Conclusion The mental health status of victims 1.5 years after the earthquake has shown some major improvements,but the recovery was not so advanced because the country′s norm victims in rural areas were not doing as well as those in urban areas.There were significant differences among the different personalities,especially between personalities of Shao Yang and Tai Yang.Psychological health in earthquake-stricken areas still needs attention.
Objective To study the mental health status of victims in Mianyang and Beichuan areas 1.5 years after the Wenchuan Earthquake and to explore its correlation with the Five-Pattern Personality.Methods The Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90) and the Five-Pattern Personality Questionnaire were used to investigate 480 victims in these areas.Results Cases with SCL-90 total score≥160(screen positive) accounted for 21.2% of the surveyed population.There were significant differences between victims and the norm in scale scores for seven factors on SCL-90,such as somatization and compulsion(P<0.01).Except for somatization,the other factors examined had significantly lower scores than those reported during the early months of the disaster(P<0.001).The mental health status of the rural cases was inferior to that of the urban cases(P<0.01).Among different age groups,however,there were no significant differences in both the SCL-90 total scores and the individual factor scores(P>0.05).Conclusion The mental health status of victims 1.5 years after the earthquake has shown some major improvements,but the recovery was not so advanced because the country′s norm victims in rural areas were not doing as well as those in urban areas.There were significant differences among the different personalities,especially between personalities of Shao Yang and Tai Yang.Psychological health in earthquake-stricken areas still needs attention.
引文
[1]汪向东.心理卫生评定量表手册[J].中国心理卫生杂志,1999(增刊):194-196.
[2]张伯华.中医临床心理治疗学[M].北京:北京科技出版社,2004:72-77.
[3]汪涛,李敏,陈铁流,等.“5.12”地震后灾区民众应激状况与心理健康调查[J].重庆医学,2009,38(11):1343-1348.
[4]汪向东,赵丞智,新福尚隆,等.地震后创伤后应激障碍的发生率及影响因素[J].中国心理卫生杂志,1999,13:28-30.
[5]张本,王学义,孙贺祥,等.唐山大地震心理创伤后应激障碍的抽样调查研究[J].中华精神科杂志,1999,32(2):106-108.
[6]董惠娟,顾建华,杨彦波,等.印度洋地震海啸中国大陆受灾者心理状况调查与分析[J].中国综合临床,2007,23(2):147-148.
[7]范一鸣,孙源泉,宫瑞莹,等.异地复学震区中小学生PTSD及心理健康状况的调查[J].心理科学进展,2009,17(3):527-531.
[8]张媛媛,杨艳杰,乔正学,等.地震灾区高中学生心理健康与个性相关性分析[J].中国公共卫生,2010,26(3):377-378.
[2]张伯华.中医临床心理治疗学[M].北京:北京科技出版社,2004:72-77.
[3]汪涛,李敏,陈铁流,等.“5.12”地震后灾区民众应激状况与心理健康调查[J].重庆医学,2009,38(11):1343-1348.
[4]汪向东,赵丞智,新福尚隆,等.地震后创伤后应激障碍的发生率及影响因素[J].中国心理卫生杂志,1999,13:28-30.
[5]张本,王学义,孙贺祥,等.唐山大地震心理创伤后应激障碍的抽样调查研究[J].中华精神科杂志,1999,32(2):106-108.
[6]董惠娟,顾建华,杨彦波,等.印度洋地震海啸中国大陆受灾者心理状况调查与分析[J].中国综合临床,2007,23(2):147-148.
[7]范一鸣,孙源泉,宫瑞莹,等.异地复学震区中小学生PTSD及心理健康状况的调查[J].心理科学进展,2009,17(3):527-531.
[8]张媛媛,杨艳杰,乔正学,等.地震灾区高中学生心理健康与个性相关性分析[J].中国公共卫生,2010,26(3):377-378.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心