复杂山地地震资料静校正方法应用研究
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摘要
桂中坳陷区地表起伏多变、地下岩溶发育、地下构造复杂,使得近地表层低速带厚度和横向速度变化较大,严重影响静校正的效果。利用该区地震资料,对静校正问题进行系统研究,探讨了高程静校正、折射静校正和层析静校正等方法的特点和适用情况。通过对地质条件的详细分析,提出组合静校正处理方法,制定针对性的静校正处理流程,如果工区欠缺小折射、微测井等野外调查资料,可利用折射法求取初始速度模型,再利用多种波的初至信息正、反演迭代修正模型,以达到精度要求,求取静校正量。应用效果表明,该流程优于常规静校正处理结果。
Guizhong sag is characterized by rugged topography,karst cave and complex subsurface structure which result in major changes in thickness of near-surface layer and lateral velocity.This geological conditions seriously distort static correction.Based on seismic data of this region,features and applicable circumstances of elevation statics,refraction statics and tomographic statics are discussed.A thorough analysis is conducted on geological conditions and a method of combination statics process is presented.A specific statics processing work flow is made.If field investigating data such as short-refraction and micro logging is inadequate,refraction method can be applied to obtain initial velocity model.Then first-break information of different waves is used to modify the forward and inverse iteration model to achieve required accuracy and compute the statics.Application results demonstrate that this process outperforms conventional ones.
Guizhong sag is characterized by rugged topography,karst cave and complex subsurface structure which result in major changes in thickness of near-surface layer and lateral velocity.This geological conditions seriously distort static correction.Based on seismic data of this region,features and applicable circumstances of elevation statics,refraction statics and tomographic statics are discussed.A thorough analysis is conducted on geological conditions and a method of combination statics process is presented.A specific statics processing work flow is made.If field investigating data such as short-refraction and micro logging is inadequate,refraction method can be applied to obtain initial velocity model.Then first-break information of different waves is used to modify the forward and inverse iteration model to achieve required accuracy and compute the statics.Application results demonstrate that this process outperforms conventional ones.
引文
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[2]熊翥.复杂地区地震数据处理思路[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002:31-62.
[3]Marsden D.Static corrections-A review[J].The LeadingEdge,1993,12(2):115-120.
[4]林伯香,孙晶梅,徐颖,等.几种常用静校正方法的讨论[J].石油物探,2006,45(4):367-372.
[5]刘盛东,李承华.地震走时层析成像算法与比较[J].中国矿业大学学报,2000,29(2):211-214.
[6]李宏伟.川东复杂地表地区静校正方法应用研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2010:13-31.
[7]谢里夫R E,吉尔达特L P.勘探地震学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999.
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