汶川中强余震地震动峰值衰减关系
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摘要
汶川地震强余震流动观测中获取了丰富的强震动加速度记录,这些数据在震中距和震级上分布较为均匀,为建立地震动衰减关系提供了良好的数据基础.这也改变了中国大陆缺乏强震动观测数据,尤其是近场强震观测数据,在建立地震动衰减关系时,不得不依赖于其它国家和地区观测数据的状况.鉴于汶川地震最大余震震级为Ms6.4,与Ms8.0的主震之间存在较大的震级缺档,本文仅就Ms4.5—6.4震级范围内、震中距小于110km区域范围内的强余震流动观测数据进行了统计回归分析,建立了地震动速度峰值(PGV)、加速度峰值(PGA)以及0.04—6s周期内阻尼比5%的绝对加速度反应谱(PSA)等地震动参数的衰减关系.回归结果的误差分析表明,PGV衰减关系的均方差明显较PGA和PSA的小,说明PGV较加速度的离散小.衰减关系的残差随震中距的增大而减小,表明近场地震动强度随机性更强.经比较,本文衰减关系与现有的四川地区其它衰减关系有较明显的差异,由于其他衰减关系是基于映射法的结果,因此,本文的结果更为可信.
A large number of strong motion records of the Wenchuan aftershocks were obtained.As the foundation data of ground motion attenuation,the records are distributed more evenly in epicentral distance and magnitude.It has changed the fact that the establishment of chinese ground motion attenuation had to rely on the data of other countries and regions for lacking the recording data,especially the near-field data in China.The largest Wenchuan aftershock magnitude is Ms6.4 that has a bigger gap with the main shock magnitude Ms8.0.Therefore,this paper only analyzed the ground motions with epicentral distance less than 110km and magnitude ranging from Ms4.5 to Ms5.4.So,according to the above conditions,the attenuations of PGV,PGA and PSA were established by statistical analysis on observation data.The error analysis results showed attenuation square-root deviation of PGV was smallest,which revealed PGV discrete was smaller than acceleration dicrete.The fact that the value of attenuation residual error decreased with the increasing of epicentral distance,showed the randomness of the ground motion intensity was strongest.Comparing the results in this paper and Lei Jiancheng',the difference of two results is significant.The attenuation in Lei' paper was established on mapping,so the results in this paper is more accurate.
A large number of strong motion records of the Wenchuan aftershocks were obtained.As the foundation data of ground motion attenuation,the records are distributed more evenly in epicentral distance and magnitude.It has changed the fact that the establishment of chinese ground motion attenuation had to rely on the data of other countries and regions for lacking the recording data,especially the near-field data in China.The largest Wenchuan aftershock magnitude is Ms6.4 that has a bigger gap with the main shock magnitude Ms8.0.Therefore,this paper only analyzed the ground motions with epicentral distance less than 110km and magnitude ranging from Ms4.5 to Ms5.4.So,according to the above conditions,the attenuations of PGV,PGA and PSA were established by statistical analysis on observation data.The error analysis results showed attenuation square-root deviation of PGV was smallest,which revealed PGV discrete was smaller than acceleration dicrete.The fact that the value of attenuation residual error decreased with the increasing of epicentral distance,showed the randomness of the ground motion intensity was strongest.Comparing the results in this paper and Lei Jiancheng',the difference of two results is significant.The attenuation in Lei' paper was established on mapping,so the results in this paper is more accurate.
引文
[1]Campbell K W.Near-source attenuation of peak horizontal acceleration[J].Bull Seism Soc Am,1981,71(6):2039-2070
[2]Joyner W B,Boore D M.Peak horizontal acceleration and velocity from strong-motion records including records from the1979Imperial Valley,California,earthquake[J].Bull Seism Soc Am,1981,71(6):2011-2038
[3]胡聿贤,张敏政.缺乏强震观测资料地区地震动参数的估算方法[J].地震工程与工程振动,1984,4(1):1-11Hu Yuxian,Zhang Minzheng.A metheod of predicting,grond motion parameters for regions with poor ground motion data[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,1984,4(1):1-11
[4]霍俊荣,胡聿贤.地震动峰值参数衰减规律的研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,1992,12(2):1-11Huo Junrong,Hu Yuxian.Study on attenuation laws of ground motion parameters[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,1992,12(2):1-11
[5]Power M,Chiou B,Abrahamson N,et al.An overview of the NGA project[J].Earthquake Spectra,2008,24(1):3-21
[6]Abrahamson N A,Silva W J.Empirical response spectral attenuation relations for shallow crustal earthquakes[J].Seismological Research Letters,1997,68:94-127
[7]Boore D M,Joyner W B,Fumal T E.Equations for estimating horizontal response spectra and peak acceleration from Western North American Earthquakes:a summary of recent work[J].Seismological Research Letters,1997,68:128-153
[8]Campbell K W.Empirical near-source attenuation relationships for horizontal and vertical components of peak ground acceleration,peak ground velocity,and pseudo-absolute acceleration response spectra[J].Seismological Research Letters,1997,68:154-179
[9]Campbell K W,Bozorgnia Y.Updated near-source ground-motion(attenuation)relations for the horizontal and vertical components of peak ground acceleration and acceleration response spectra[J].Bull Seism Soc Am,2003,93(1):314-331
[10]Sadigh K,Chang C Y,Egan J A,et al.Attenuation relationships for shallow crustal earthquakes based on California strong motion data[J].Seismological Research Letters,1997,68:180-189
[11]Chiou B,Darragh R,Gregor N,et al.NGA project strong-motion database[J].Earthquake Spectra,2008,24(1):22-44
[12]Abrahamson N A,Silva W J.Summary of the Abrahamson&Silva NGA groundmotionrelations[J].Earthquake Spectra,24:67-97
[13]Boore D M,Atkinson G M.Boore-atkinson NGA ground motion relations for the geometric mean horizontal component of peak and spectral ground motion parameters[DB].download from http://peer.berkeley.edu/ngawest/nga_models.html
[14]Campbell K W,Bozorgnia Y.Campbell-bozorgnia NGA ground motion relations for the geometric mean horizontal component of peak and spectral ground motion parameters[DB].download from http://peer.berkeley.edu/ngawest/nga_models.html
[15]Chiou B,Youngs R R.NGA model for average horizontal component of peak ground motion and response spectra[DB].download from http://peer.berkeley.edu/ngawest/nga_models.html
[16]Idriss I M.Empirical model for estimating the average horizontal values of pseudo-absolute spectral accelerations generated by crustal earthquakes[DB].download from http://peer.berkeley.edu/ngawest/nga_models.html
[17]Abrahamson N A,Atkinson G M,Boore D M,et al.Comparisons of the NGA ground-motion relations[J].Earthquake Spectra,2008,24(1):45-66
[18]崔建文,李世成,高东,等.云南分区地震动衰减关系[J].地震研究,2006,129(14):386-391Cui Jianwen,Li Shicheng,Gao Dong,et al.Ground motion attenuation relations in the Yunnan area[J].J Seism Res,2006,29(14):386-391
[19]中国地震局震害防御司.汶川8.0级地震未校正加速度记录[M].北京:地震出版社,2008:1-2Department of Earthquake Disaster Prevention of China Earthquake Administration.Acceleration records without correction of the Ms8.0Wenchuan Earthquake[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,2008:1-2
[20]李小军.汶川8.0级地震余震固定台未校正加速度记录[M].北京:地震出版社,2009:1-2Li Xiaojun.Acceleration records without correction of the Wenchuan aftershocks on the permanent stations[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,2009:1-2
[21]李小军.汶川8.0级地震流动台站未校正加速度记录[M].北京:地震出版社,2009:1-13Li Xiaojun.Acceleration records without correction of the Wenchuan aftershocks on the mobile stations[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,2009:1-13
[22]Lu Dawei,Cui Jianwen,Li Xiaojun,et al.Ground motion attenuation of Ms8.0Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Earthquake Science,2010,23(1):95-100
[23]温瑞智,周正华,李小军,等.汶川Ms8.0地震的强余震流动观测[J].地震学报,2009,31(2):221-225Wen Ruizhi,Zhou Zhenghua,Li Xiaojun,et al.The strong ground motion observation for Wenchuan aftershocksaftershock[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2009,31(2):221-225
[24]Abrahamson N A,Youngs R R.A stable algorithm for regression analyses using the random effects model[J].Bull Seism Soc Am,1992,82(1):505-510
[25]McGuire R K.Seismic ground motion parameter relations[J].Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division,ASCE,1978,104(GT4):481-490
[26]汪素云,俞言祥,高阿甲,等.中国分区地震动衰减关系的确定[J].中国地震,2000,16(2):99-106Wang Suyun,Yu Yanxiang,Gao Ajia,et al.Development of attenuation relations for ground motion in China[J].Earthquake Research in China,2000,16(2):99-106
[27]Douglas J.A comprehensive worldwide summary of strong-motion attenuation relationships for peak ground acceleration and spectral ordinates(1969to2000)[R].ESEE Report,2001
[28]雷建成,高孟潭,俞言祥.四川及邻区地震动衰减关系[J].地震学报,2007,29(5):500-511Lei Jianchen,Gao Mengtan,Yu Yanxiang.Seismic motion attenuation relations in Sichuan and adjacent areas[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2007,29(5):500-511
[2]Joyner W B,Boore D M.Peak horizontal acceleration and velocity from strong-motion records including records from the1979Imperial Valley,California,earthquake[J].Bull Seism Soc Am,1981,71(6):2011-2038
[3]胡聿贤,张敏政.缺乏强震观测资料地区地震动参数的估算方法[J].地震工程与工程振动,1984,4(1):1-11Hu Yuxian,Zhang Minzheng.A metheod of predicting,grond motion parameters for regions with poor ground motion data[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,1984,4(1):1-11
[4]霍俊荣,胡聿贤.地震动峰值参数衰减规律的研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,1992,12(2):1-11Huo Junrong,Hu Yuxian.Study on attenuation laws of ground motion parameters[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,1992,12(2):1-11
[5]Power M,Chiou B,Abrahamson N,et al.An overview of the NGA project[J].Earthquake Spectra,2008,24(1):3-21
[6]Abrahamson N A,Silva W J.Empirical response spectral attenuation relations for shallow crustal earthquakes[J].Seismological Research Letters,1997,68:94-127
[7]Boore D M,Joyner W B,Fumal T E.Equations for estimating horizontal response spectra and peak acceleration from Western North American Earthquakes:a summary of recent work[J].Seismological Research Letters,1997,68:128-153
[8]Campbell K W.Empirical near-source attenuation relationships for horizontal and vertical components of peak ground acceleration,peak ground velocity,and pseudo-absolute acceleration response spectra[J].Seismological Research Letters,1997,68:154-179
[9]Campbell K W,Bozorgnia Y.Updated near-source ground-motion(attenuation)relations for the horizontal and vertical components of peak ground acceleration and acceleration response spectra[J].Bull Seism Soc Am,2003,93(1):314-331
[10]Sadigh K,Chang C Y,Egan J A,et al.Attenuation relationships for shallow crustal earthquakes based on California strong motion data[J].Seismological Research Letters,1997,68:180-189
[11]Chiou B,Darragh R,Gregor N,et al.NGA project strong-motion database[J].Earthquake Spectra,2008,24(1):22-44
[12]Abrahamson N A,Silva W J.Summary of the Abrahamson&Silva NGA groundmotionrelations[J].Earthquake Spectra,24:67-97
[13]Boore D M,Atkinson G M.Boore-atkinson NGA ground motion relations for the geometric mean horizontal component of peak and spectral ground motion parameters[DB].download from http://peer.berkeley.edu/ngawest/nga_models.html
[14]Campbell K W,Bozorgnia Y.Campbell-bozorgnia NGA ground motion relations for the geometric mean horizontal component of peak and spectral ground motion parameters[DB].download from http://peer.berkeley.edu/ngawest/nga_models.html
[15]Chiou B,Youngs R R.NGA model for average horizontal component of peak ground motion and response spectra[DB].download from http://peer.berkeley.edu/ngawest/nga_models.html
[16]Idriss I M.Empirical model for estimating the average horizontal values of pseudo-absolute spectral accelerations generated by crustal earthquakes[DB].download from http://peer.berkeley.edu/ngawest/nga_models.html
[17]Abrahamson N A,Atkinson G M,Boore D M,et al.Comparisons of the NGA ground-motion relations[J].Earthquake Spectra,2008,24(1):45-66
[18]崔建文,李世成,高东,等.云南分区地震动衰减关系[J].地震研究,2006,129(14):386-391Cui Jianwen,Li Shicheng,Gao Dong,et al.Ground motion attenuation relations in the Yunnan area[J].J Seism Res,2006,29(14):386-391
[19]中国地震局震害防御司.汶川8.0级地震未校正加速度记录[M].北京:地震出版社,2008:1-2Department of Earthquake Disaster Prevention of China Earthquake Administration.Acceleration records without correction of the Ms8.0Wenchuan Earthquake[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,2008:1-2
[20]李小军.汶川8.0级地震余震固定台未校正加速度记录[M].北京:地震出版社,2009:1-2Li Xiaojun.Acceleration records without correction of the Wenchuan aftershocks on the permanent stations[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,2009:1-2
[21]李小军.汶川8.0级地震流动台站未校正加速度记录[M].北京:地震出版社,2009:1-13Li Xiaojun.Acceleration records without correction of the Wenchuan aftershocks on the mobile stations[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,2009:1-13
[22]Lu Dawei,Cui Jianwen,Li Xiaojun,et al.Ground motion attenuation of Ms8.0Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Earthquake Science,2010,23(1):95-100
[23]温瑞智,周正华,李小军,等.汶川Ms8.0地震的强余震流动观测[J].地震学报,2009,31(2):221-225Wen Ruizhi,Zhou Zhenghua,Li Xiaojun,et al.The strong ground motion observation for Wenchuan aftershocksaftershock[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2009,31(2):221-225
[24]Abrahamson N A,Youngs R R.A stable algorithm for regression analyses using the random effects model[J].Bull Seism Soc Am,1992,82(1):505-510
[25]McGuire R K.Seismic ground motion parameter relations[J].Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division,ASCE,1978,104(GT4):481-490
[26]汪素云,俞言祥,高阿甲,等.中国分区地震动衰减关系的确定[J].中国地震,2000,16(2):99-106Wang Suyun,Yu Yanxiang,Gao Ajia,et al.Development of attenuation relations for ground motion in China[J].Earthquake Research in China,2000,16(2):99-106
[27]Douglas J.A comprehensive worldwide summary of strong-motion attenuation relationships for peak ground acceleration and spectral ordinates(1969to2000)[R].ESEE Report,2001
[28]雷建成,高孟潭,俞言祥.四川及邻区地震动衰减关系[J].地震学报,2007,29(5):500-511Lei Jianchen,Gao Mengtan,Yu Yanxiang.Seismic motion attenuation relations in Sichuan and adjacent areas[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2007,29(5):500-511
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