应用烃类直接检测技术预测天然气藏
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摘要
柴达木盆地位于青藏高原北部，是中国大型含油气盆地之一，历经40年的勘探，发现了丰富的油气资源。柴达木盆地东部地区是第四纪沉降与沉积中心，区内第四系生储气岩厚度大、分布广，第四纪新构造运动形成的同生沉积构造发育，保存完整，具有形成大中型天然气田的地质条件。此外，由于该地区含气地层时代新、埋藏浅、成岩与胶结作用差、含气层厚度大、孔渗性好，加之构造条件简单，人文干扰小，是应用烃类直接检测技术寻找天然气的有利地区。本文详细介绍了烃类直接检测技术在台南气田发现过程中的应用。在地震剖面上，我们发现了与天然气赋存有关的地震异常──烃类直接指示标志。通过对异常反射特征的分析，阐明了地震异常形成的机理。综合应用烃类直接指示标志和地震正演模拟技术，预测了台南构造天然气的存在、含气范围，概算了天然气地质储量，并提供了发现井和评价井井位。钻井测试验证了预测结论基本是正确的。应用烃类直接检测技术发现了台南气田，提高了钻探成功率，加快了勘探进程，取得了显著的经济效益和地质效果。
The cast part of Caidamu Basin is the center of subsidences and sediments of the Quaternary Period in thc area. Over there the Quaternary rocks in huge thickness which are promising for gas generation and storage are widely distributed and the syndepositional structures generated during the late Quaternary tectonic movement are well-developed and intactly preserved. Those provide the area with favouritc circumstances for the formation of large/moderate scale gas reservoirs.Furthermore, the potential gas-bearing formations are featured by their younger age, shallower buried depth, larger thicknes,better permeability,poorer diagenesis and cementation added in their simpler structure and weaker local artificial interferences, which make it posssible to explore natural gas fields by mcans of direct hydrocarbon detcction.This paper details the role that the direct hydrocarbon detection technique has played in the process of the discovery of thc Tainan gas field. As the first step we found some seismic anomalies,an direct indication for hydrocarbon concerning natural gas. An analysis was then made for the anomalies' seismic features to account for the mechanism of which the anomalies is generated. Via an integrated application of the indication and a seismie forward modeling approach we have affirmed the presence of natural gas, defined its stretching extent,roughly evaluated the geological rescrve and submited the locations of discovery well and the wells for evaluaton. The prediction was confirmed by well-drilling. As a result of applying the direct hydrocarbon detection technique, the Tainan gas field was found at high hitting accuracy of well drilling and expedited exploration process and consequently the significant economic and geological benefits.
The cast part of Caidamu Basin is the center of subsidences and sediments of the Quaternary Period in thc area. Over there the Quaternary rocks in huge thickness which are promising for gas generation and storage are widely distributed and the syndepositional structures generated during the late Quaternary tectonic movement are well-developed and intactly preserved. Those provide the area with favouritc circumstances for the formation of large/moderate scale gas reservoirs.Furthermore, the potential gas-bearing formations are featured by their younger age, shallower buried depth, larger thicknes,better permeability,poorer diagenesis and cementation added in their simpler structure and weaker local artificial interferences, which make it posssible to explore natural gas fields by mcans of direct hydrocarbon detcction.This paper details the role that the direct hydrocarbon detection technique has played in the process of the discovery of thc Tainan gas field. As the first step we found some seismic anomalies,an direct indication for hydrocarbon concerning natural gas. An analysis was then made for the anomalies' seismic features to account for the mechanism of which the anomalies is generated. Via an integrated application of the indication and a seismie forward modeling approach we have affirmed the presence of natural gas, defined its stretching extent,roughly evaluated the geological rescrve and submited the locations of discovery well and the wells for evaluaton. The prediction was confirmed by well-drilling. As a result of applying the direct hydrocarbon detection technique, the Tainan gas field was found at high hitting accuracy of well drilling and expedited exploration process and consequently the significant economic and geological benefits.
引文
[1] 成都地质学院物探系,地震直接找油气方法──亮点技术,《石油物探》,1976年,第15卷,第五期。
[2] 成都地质学院七系译,烃的直接勘探技术,《石油物探》,1975年,第14卷,第1期。
[3]钱绍新、李庆忠,烃类指示分析,《石油地球物理勘探技术报告集》,1982年。
[4] Robert T.Ryder et al,Seismic models of sandstone stratisraphic traps in RockyMountain basins,Tulsa,Oklahoma 74101,USA,1981.
[5] S.N.Domennico著,王友仁译,疏松砂岩储层中的水、气混合物时速度的影响,《石油地球物理勘探》, 1976年,第 11卷,第 2期。
[6]T.G.Carson著,张令一译,马来盆地地震DHI分析的勘探应用,《油气勘探译丛》,1982年,第1卷,第2期。
[2] 成都地质学院七系译,烃的直接勘探技术,《石油物探》,1975年,第14卷,第1期。
[3]钱绍新、李庆忠,烃类指示分析,《石油地球物理勘探技术报告集》,1982年。
[4] Robert T.Ryder et al,Seismic models of sandstone stratisraphic traps in RockyMountain basins,Tulsa,Oklahoma 74101,USA,1981.
[5] S.N.Domennico著,王友仁译,疏松砂岩储层中的水、气混合物时速度的影响,《石油地球物理勘探》, 1976年,第 11卷,第 2期。
[6]T.G.Carson著,张令一译,马来盆地地震DHI分析的勘探应用,《油气勘探译丛》,1982年,第1卷,第2期。
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