燕山中元古代裂谷早期同沉积断裂活动及其对事件沉积的影响
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摘要
在早期长城纪演化阶段 ,燕山中新元古代裂谷盆地构造拉张活动明显 ,它控制了整体沉积相带的展布 ,并在强烈活动期引发了一系列事件沉积。长城纪时期的古构造活动主要以 4种方式影响盆地的充填 ,即同沉积断裂活动、构造掀斜 ,轴部强烈拗陷和整体的均衡沉陷。其中 ,同沉积断裂活动在长城纪盆地演化过程中具有突发性或脉动活动的特点 ,记录了古地震、碳酸盐滑塌沉积和碎屑浊流沉积 ,并诱发火山活动形成火山碎屑重力流等地质事件。盆地的古水流、地层格架及特征沉积相带等分析显示 ,盆地主体展布为NE向 ;燕山元古代裂谷向外海出口的位置应处于中朝准地台的北部 ;现今所见崇礼—承德—北票EW向断裂在长城纪大部分时期对盆地的沉积充填没有明显影响。
The principal part of the Meso Neoproterozoic Yanshan Rift Basin is located in Hebei and Liaoning provinces of North China. An obvious rifting of the Yanshan Basin occurred in the early stage of the Mesoproterozoic, named Changchengian about 1800～1400 Ma. Sedimentary fills of the basin during this period are earliest deposits within the covering strata after formation of the crystalline basement of the Archaeozoic-Paleoproterozoic. The Changchengian of the early Mesoproterozoic mainly consists of five Formations, namely, Changzhougou, Chuanlinggou, Tuanshanzi, Dahongyu and Gaoyuzhuang Formations. During the Changchengian the palaeotectonic activities of the basin controlled the basin fillings in four ways, that is, synsedimentary faulting, structural tilting, and intent subsidence in basin axis and equilibrium subsidence in entire basin. In particular, the synsedimentary faulting, characterized by abrupt or pulsing activities, controls the distribution of main facies belts of the basin. During the intense periods of the basin, the synsedimentary faulting also caused a series of event depositions, such as palaeo seismic records, carbonate slumping, clastic turbidites, and volcanism-induced volcanic turbidite deposits. Analyses of palaeocurrent, stratigraphic framework, and special facies belts show that the main axis of the basin is along NE direction. The outlet position, towards open sea, of the intracontinental rift basin probably was located in the north part of the Sino Korea Paraplatform and the basin infilling during the Changchengian was not obviously affected with the E W direction (from Chicheng to Beipiao) faulting.
The principal part of the Meso Neoproterozoic Yanshan Rift Basin is located in Hebei and Liaoning provinces of North China. An obvious rifting of the Yanshan Basin occurred in the early stage of the Mesoproterozoic, named Changchengian about 1800～1400 Ma. Sedimentary fills of the basin during this period are earliest deposits within the covering strata after formation of the crystalline basement of the Archaeozoic-Paleoproterozoic. The Changchengian of the early Mesoproterozoic mainly consists of five Formations, namely, Changzhougou, Chuanlinggou, Tuanshanzi, Dahongyu and Gaoyuzhuang Formations. During the Changchengian the palaeotectonic activities of the basin controlled the basin fillings in four ways, that is, synsedimentary faulting, structural tilting, and intent subsidence in basin axis and equilibrium subsidence in entire basin. In particular, the synsedimentary faulting, characterized by abrupt or pulsing activities, controls the distribution of main facies belts of the basin. During the intense periods of the basin, the synsedimentary faulting also caused a series of event depositions, such as palaeo seismic records, carbonate slumping, clastic turbidites, and volcanism-induced volcanic turbidite deposits. Analyses of palaeocurrent, stratigraphic framework, and special facies belts show that the main axis of the basin is along NE direction. The outlet position, towards open sea, of the intracontinental rift basin probably was located in the north part of the Sino Korea Paraplatform and the basin infilling during the Changchengian was not obviously affected with the E W direction (from Chicheng to Beipiao) faulting.
引文
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19 夏学惠 ,刘昌涛 ,闫飞 ,李钟模 .河北兴隆地区硫化物黑色页岩地球化学及海底喷气成因研究 .地球化学 ,1999,2 8( 5) :4 96～ 50 4
2 0 孙枢等 .豫陕中—晚元古代沉积盆地 .地质科学 ,1982 ,( 1) :5～ 12
2 1 何镜宇 ,孟祥化 .沉积岩和沉积相及建造 .北京 :地质出版社 ,1987.4 14～ 4 18
2 2 崔广振 .华北板块中元古代裂堑阶段及其特征 .见 :纪念乐森询教授从事地质科学教育工作六十年论文集 .北京 :地质出版社 ,1984 .161～ 172
2 3 刘正宏 ,徐仲元 ,杨振升 .华北板块中段中元古代魏家沟岩群的建立及其地质意义 .长春科技大学学报 ,1999,19( 1) :9～ 14
2 4 ZonenshainLP ,KuzminMI ,NatapovLM .GeologyoftheUSSR :APlat-TectonicSynthesis .Ame .Geophy .Uni.Geody .,1990 ,Series .2 1:17～ 2 6
2 5 郝石生 ,张长根 .华北北部中 -上元古界原生油气特征 .见 :翟光明主编 .北京石油地质会议报告论文集 .北京 :石油工业出版社 ,1987.2 66～ 2 87
2 6 和政军 ,李锦轶 ,牛宝贵 ,任纪舜 .燕山阴山地区晚侏罗世强烈推覆隆升事件及沉积响应 .地质论评 ,1998,4 4 ( 4 ) :4 0 7～ 4 18
2 陈晋镳 .中朝准地台中 -末元古代地质演化的初步探讨 .地质论评 ,1983,2 9( 1) :1～ 8
3 和政军 ,孟祥化 ,葛明 .燕山地区长城纪沉积演化及构造背景 .沉积学报 ,1994 ,12 ( 2 ) :10～ 19
4 宋天锐 .北京十三陵前寒武纪碳酸盐岩地层中的一套可能的地震海啸序列 .科学通报 ,1988,60 9～ 611
5 杜汝霖 ,李培菊 .燕山西段震旦亚界 .见 :中国地质科学院天津地质矿产研究所主编 .中国震旦亚界研究 .天津 :天津科学技术出版社 ,1980 .34 1～ 357
6 乔秀夫 ,马丽芳 .华北地台中、晚、新元古代的地壳运动 .地科院地质所所刊 ,1982 ,( 4 ) :1～ 14
7 钱祥麟等 .震旦亚代山海关隆起发育及其与翼东有关的风化林滤型富铁矿的远景探讨 .天津地质矿产研究所所刊 ,1980 ,1( 1) :12 3～ 133
8 陈晋镳 .蓟县震旦亚界的研究 ,中国震旦亚界研究 .天津 :天津科技出版社 ,1980 .56～ 114
9 王长尧 .燕山长州沟组早期古河流的厘定与古地理特征及其演化 .前寒武纪地质 ,1987,( 3) :2 4 3～ 2 55
10 王清晨 .燕山长城纪沉积盆地中陆源碎屑岩的沉积相、沉积环境、沉积模式和沉积背景 ,兼论该盆地的形成演化特点 :[学位论文 ].北京 :中国科学院地质研究所 ,1985
11 GibbsAD .Structuralstylesinbasinformation .In :TankardAJ ,BalkwillHR ,eds .ExtensionalTectonicsandStratigraphyoftheNorthAtlanticMargins.AAPG ,Mem .4 6:1989,81～ 93
12 LeederMR .Sedimentarymodelsforextensionaltilt-block/half-grabenbasins .In :CowardMP ,etal.,eds .Con tinentalextensionalTectonics.London :Spec .Publ.Geo .Lond .,1987.139～ 152
13 和政军 ,张新元 .燕山地区长城纪扇三角洲沉积 .岩相古地理 ,1993,13( 5) :36～ 4 3
14 SeilacherA .Sedimentarystructurestentativelyattsibutedtoseismicevents.Mar .Geol.,1984 ,55( 1/ 2 ) :1～ 12
15 乔秀夫 ,宋天锐 ,高林志等 .碳酸盐岩振动液化地震序列 .地质学报 ,1994 ,68( 1) :16～ 34
16 MassariF ,etal..Evolutionandtypesoffan deltasystemsinsomemajortectonicsettings.In :NemecW ,etal.,eds .FanDelta :SedimentaryandTectonicSettings.Berlin :BlackieandSon ,Glasgow .1988.10 3～ 12 2
17 FisherRVed .PyroclasticRocks.Berlin :Springer verlagBerlinHeidelberg ,1984 .2 4 7～ 2 56
18 冯钟燕 ,张兴余 .冀东兴隆一带层状黄铁矿—铅锌矿床地质特征及其成因 .矿床地质 ,1985,4 ( 3) :1～ 6
19 夏学惠 ,刘昌涛 ,闫飞 ,李钟模 .河北兴隆地区硫化物黑色页岩地球化学及海底喷气成因研究 .地球化学 ,1999,2 8( 5) :4 96～ 50 4
2 0 孙枢等 .豫陕中—晚元古代沉积盆地 .地质科学 ,1982 ,( 1) :5～ 12
2 1 何镜宇 ,孟祥化 .沉积岩和沉积相及建造 .北京 :地质出版社 ,1987.4 14～ 4 18
2 2 崔广振 .华北板块中元古代裂堑阶段及其特征 .见 :纪念乐森询教授从事地质科学教育工作六十年论文集 .北京 :地质出版社 ,1984 .161～ 172
2 3 刘正宏 ,徐仲元 ,杨振升 .华北板块中段中元古代魏家沟岩群的建立及其地质意义 .长春科技大学学报 ,1999,19( 1) :9～ 14
2 4 ZonenshainLP ,KuzminMI ,NatapovLM .GeologyoftheUSSR :APlat-TectonicSynthesis .Ame .Geophy .Uni.Geody .,1990 ,Series .2 1:17～ 2 6
2 5 郝石生 ,张长根 .华北北部中 -上元古界原生油气特征 .见 :翟光明主编 .北京石油地质会议报告论文集 .北京 :石油工业出版社 ,1987.2 66～ 2 87
2 6 和政军 ,李锦轶 ,牛宝贵 ,任纪舜 .燕山阴山地区晚侏罗世强烈推覆隆升事件及沉积响应 .地质论评 ,1998,4 4 ( 4 ) :4 0 7～ 4 18
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