等深流沉积研究现状与展望
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摘要
本文根据国内外等深流及其沉积的研究成果,概述了它们的研究进展,且详细阐述了等深流沉积特征和沉积类型,并指出等深岩丘的发现是该领域最为重要、最具特色的突出成果以及等深流沉积研究的油气勘探意义.虽然随着深海钻探计划和大洋钻探项目的开展,等深流沉积研究取得了较大进展,但现代等深流沉积和古代等深流沉积的研究在一定程度上发展尚不平衡,仍存在着较多问题,尤其是在古代等深流沉积研究方面显得更为薄弱.最为重要的是,等深流沉积的识别是该领域研究的最大难题.因此,在其未来研究上,应注意运用地震波识别、遥感等现代科技调查手段,进行多学科综合研究,尽快建立一套完善的识别标志,如沉积学标志、古生物标志等,以促使其逐渐成为海洋沉积学中一个更为完善的研究领域.
This paper briefly introduces the envolvement of contour current and contour current deposits. Their sedimentary characters and types are expatiated.It is pointed out that the discovery of contour drifts is the most important anddistinctive achievement in this field and the contour current deposit study is significant in oil and gas exploration. Although contour current deposit study has made great progress along with the development of DSDP and of ODP,the researches on modern and ancient contour current deposits are imbalanced to a certain extent and have many problems, especially in the study of ancient contour currentdeposit. Above all, the discrimination of contour current deposits is the most crucial problem. Therefore in the future, we should synthesize multidisciplinaryapproaches with identification of seismic wave, remote sensing,etc., and establish some effective discriminating indicators such as sedimentary markings and paleontological markings, so as to advance its research ulteriorly and make it to be a more perfect research field in the marine sedimentology.
This paper briefly introduces the envolvement of contour current and contour current deposits. Their sedimentary characters and types are expatiated.It is pointed out that the discovery of contour drifts is the most important anddistinctive achievement in this field and the contour current deposit study is significant in oil and gas exploration. Although contour current deposit study has made great progress along with the development of DSDP and of ODP,the researches on modern and ancient contour current deposits are imbalanced to a certain extent and have many problems, especially in the study of ancient contour currentdeposit. Above all, the discrimination of contour current deposits is the most crucial problem. Therefore in the future, we should synthesize multidisciplinaryapproaches with identification of seismic wave, remote sensing,etc., and establish some effective discriminating indicators such as sedimentary markings and paleontological markings, so as to advance its research ulteriorly and make it to be a more perfect research field in the marine sedimentology.
引文
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[18] DuanT,GaoZ,ZengY,etal.AfossilcarbonatecontouritedriftontheLowerOrdovicianpalacocontinentalmarginofthemiddleYangtzeTerrane,Jiuxi,northernHuman,southernChina[J].SedimentaryGeology.1993,82:271～284.
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[21] 李发科,汪德雯,林小云,等.湘西北下寒武统等深流沉积[J].江汉石油学院学报,2001,9(23):7～9.
[22] StowDAV.Distinguishingbetweenfine grainedturbiditesandcontouritesontheNovaScotiandeepwatermargin[J].Sedimentology,1979,26:371～387.
[23] StowDAV,PiperDJW.Deep waterfine grainedsediments:faciesmodels[A].StowDAV,PiperDJW.Fine grainedSediments:Deep waterProcessesandFacies[C].London:GeolSocLondonSpecPubl,1984.15:611～645.
[24] StowDAV.Deepseaprocessesofsedimenttransportanddeposition[A].PyeK.SedimentTransportandDepositionalProcesses[C].BlackwellSciPubl,1994.257～291.
[25] FaugeresJC,MezeraisML,StowDAV.ContouritedrifttypesandtheirdistributionintheNorthandSouthAthlanticOceanbasins[J].SedimentaryGeology,1993,82:189～203.
[26] BeinA,WeilerY.TheCretaceousTalmeYafeFormation:acontourcurrentshapedsedimentaryprismofcalcareousdetritusatthecontinentalmarginoftheArabianCraton[J].Sedimentology,1976,23(4):511～532.
[27] 段太忠,郭建华,高振中,等.华南古大陆边缘湘北九溪下臭肉统碳酸盐等深岩丘[J].地质学报,1990,64(2):131～143.
[28] 李东海.深水异地沉积与油气勘探[J].江汉石油学院学报,2002,24(1):5～7.
[29] 张兴阳,何幼斌,罗顺社,等.内波单独作用形成的深水沉积物波[J].古地理学报,2002,4(1):83～89.
[30] 高振中,何幼斌,张兴阳,等.塔中地区中晚奥陶世内波、内潮汐沉积[J].沉积学报,2000,18(3):400～407.
[31] FaugeresJC,GonthierE,ThierryM,etal.Multi processgeneratedsedimentwavesontheLandesPlateau(BayofBiscay,NorthAtlantic)[J].MarineGeology,2002,182:279～302.
[32] 张兴阳,高振中,姚雪根.北大西洋洛克尔海槽东北部内波沉积———深水大型沉积物波成因的再解释[J].沉积学报,1999,17(3):464～472.
[33] 张兴阳.深水牵引流形成的床形单元组合[J]
[2] OkadaH,OhtaS.Photographicevidenceofvariablebottom currentactivityintheSurugaandSagamibays,centralJapan[J].SedimentaryGeology,1993,82:221～237.
[3] FloodRD,JohnsonTC.SidescantargetsinlakeSuperior,evidenceforbedformsandsedimenttransport[J].Sedimentology,1984,31:311～333.
[4] FaugeresJC,StowDAV.Bottom current controlledsedimentation:asynthesisofthecontouriteproblem[J].Sedi mentaryGeology,1993,82:287～297.
[5] 高振中,何幼斌,罗顺社,等.深水牵引流沉积———内潮汐、内波和等深流沉积研究[M].北京:科学出版社,1996.135～157.
[6] GaoZ,ErikssonKA,HeYB,etal.Deep waterTractionCurrentDeposits———aStudyofInternalTides,InternalWaves,ContourCurrentsandTheirDeposits[M].Beijing:SciencePress,1998.215～228.
[7] 何幼斌,高振中,罗顺社,等.等深流沉积的特征及其鉴别标志[J].江汉石油学院学报,1998,20(4):1～6.
[8] 刘宝王君,余光明,王成善.珠穆朗玛峰地区侏罗系的等深积岩沉积及其特征[J].成都地质学院学报,1982,(1):1～6.
[9] 刘宝王君,许效松,梁仁枝.湘西黔东寒武纪等深流沉积[J].矿物岩石,1990,10(4):43～47.
[10] 虞子冶,施央申,郭令智.广西钦州盆地志留纪中泥盆世等深流沉积及其大地构造意义[J].沉积学报,1989,7(3):21～29.
[11] 姜在兴,赵澄林,熊继辉.皖中下志留统的等深积岩及其地质意义[J].科学通报,1989,34(20):1575～1576.
[12] 李日辉.桌子山中奥陶统公乌素组等积岩的确认及沉积环境[J].石油与天然气地质,1994,15(3):235～239.
[13] 段太忠,郭建华,高振中,等.华南古大陆边缘湘北九溪下奥陶统碳酸盐等深岩丘[J].地质学报,1990,64(2):131～143.
[14] 高振中,罗顺社,何幼斌,等.鄂尔多斯地区西缘中奥陶世等深流沉积[J].沉积学报,1995,13(4):16～25.
[15] 李日辉,张光威.等深岩识别标志研究[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1997,17(3):63～70.
[16] 刘丽军.深水牵引流沉积特征及研究现状[J].石油与天然气地质,1999,20(4):369～374.
[17] FaugeresJC,GonthierE,StowDAV.Contouritedriftmoldedbydeepmediterraneanoutflow[J].Geology,1984,12(5):296～300.
[18] DuanT,GaoZ,ZengY,etal.AfossilcarbonatecontouritedriftontheLowerOrdovicianpalacocontinentalmarginofthemiddleYangtzeTerrane,Jiuxi,northernHuman,southernChina[J].SedimentaryGeology.1993,82:271～284.
[19] GontheirE,FaugeresJC,VianaA,etal.UpperQuaternarydepositsontheSaoTomedeep seachannelleveesystem(SouthBrazilianBasin):majorturbiditeversuscontouriteprocesses[J].MarineGeology,2003,199:159～180.
[20] HollisterCD,HeezenBC.Geologicaleffectsofoceanbottomcurrents[A].GordonAL.StudiesinPhysicalOceanography[C].NewYork:GordonandBreach,1972.37～66.
[21] 李发科,汪德雯,林小云,等.湘西北下寒武统等深流沉积[J].江汉石油学院学报,2001,9(23):7～9.
[22] StowDAV.Distinguishingbetweenfine grainedturbiditesandcontouritesontheNovaScotiandeepwatermargin[J].Sedimentology,1979,26:371～387.
[23] StowDAV,PiperDJW.Deep waterfine grainedsediments:faciesmodels[A].StowDAV,PiperDJW.Fine grainedSediments:Deep waterProcessesandFacies[C].London:GeolSocLondonSpecPubl,1984.15:611～645.
[24] StowDAV.Deepseaprocessesofsedimenttransportanddeposition[A].PyeK.SedimentTransportandDepositionalProcesses[C].BlackwellSciPubl,1994.257～291.
[25] FaugeresJC,MezeraisML,StowDAV.ContouritedrifttypesandtheirdistributionintheNorthandSouthAthlanticOceanbasins[J].SedimentaryGeology,1993,82:189～203.
[26] BeinA,WeilerY.TheCretaceousTalmeYafeFormation:acontourcurrentshapedsedimentaryprismofcalcareousdetritusatthecontinentalmarginoftheArabianCraton[J].Sedimentology,1976,23(4):511～532.
[27] 段太忠,郭建华,高振中,等.华南古大陆边缘湘北九溪下臭肉统碳酸盐等深岩丘[J].地质学报,1990,64(2):131～143.
[28] 李东海.深水异地沉积与油气勘探[J].江汉石油学院学报,2002,24(1):5～7.
[29] 张兴阳,何幼斌,罗顺社,等.内波单独作用形成的深水沉积物波[J].古地理学报,2002,4(1):83～89.
[30] 高振中,何幼斌,张兴阳,等.塔中地区中晚奥陶世内波、内潮汐沉积[J].沉积学报,2000,18(3):400～407.
[31] FaugeresJC,GonthierE,ThierryM,etal.Multi processgeneratedsedimentwavesontheLandesPlateau(BayofBiscay,NorthAtlantic)[J].MarineGeology,2002,182:279～302.
[32] 张兴阳,高振中,姚雪根.北大西洋洛克尔海槽东北部内波沉积———深水大型沉积物波成因的再解释[J].沉积学报,1999,17(3):464～472.
[33] 张兴阳.深水牵引流形成的床形单元组合[J]
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