苏北淮阴凹陷上白垩统浦口组盐岩成因探讨
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摘要
淮阴凹陷浦口组的二段和三段为一套厚度达千米的膏盐岩—碎屑岩沉积体系 ,对含盐层系的主要沉积相类型及其特征的分析和研究 ,结合该区构造、钻井、测井、地震、盐岩化学等资料的综合分析 ,初步认为该套厚层盐岩主要与半深湖沉积有关 ,深部古老地层中的盐类物质是盐岩的主要盐源 ,盆地边缘及内部的深大断裂是沟通凹陷与地壳深部盐类物质的通道
The Pukou Formation in Huaiyin depression is composed of cyclothemes of salt rocks, mudstones and shales, which formed saline-lake sedimentary assemblage of more than 1000 m thick. During the aggradation of Pukou formation, the Huaiyin area was a wide lake which consisted of alluvial fans, littoral facies, shallow-lake facies and semi-deep-water facies. The saline sediments were formed in the semi-deep-water saline lake. In this paper, based on the geologic, seismic, geochemical, and palaeobiogical data, the sedimentation environment of Pukou Formation and the genesis of saline sediments are discussed. Nowadays, there are three viewpoints on the formation of saline substances: (1) the saline substances from the marine transgression, in association with arid or semi-arid climate, and precipitated as saline deposits. (2) in the high-mountain-deep-basin environments, the saline substances from the weathering and leaching rocks such as carbonates, gypsolytes or other salinastones. (3) the saline substances derived mainly from the deep sources which were evidently related with faults or volcanism of the tectonic zone. In this paper, the author agrees with the third point. The reasons are as follows: ①the sedimentary characteristics: the saline deposits mainly belong to sodium-sulfate-chloride type. The sediments are cyclothems of saline rocks, mudstones and shales. ②the depositional conditions: many faults developed in Huaiyin depression during the formation of the saline deposits.③the asymmetry of salinity.④the palaeontological characteristics. All above-mentioned proofs show that the salt in deep strata was the major source and the deep fractures were the paths thtough which the salt substances entered into the depression.
The Pukou Formation in Huaiyin depression is composed of cyclothemes of salt rocks, mudstones and shales, which formed saline-lake sedimentary assemblage of more than 1000 m thick. During the aggradation of Pukou formation, the Huaiyin area was a wide lake which consisted of alluvial fans, littoral facies, shallow-lake facies and semi-deep-water facies. The saline sediments were formed in the semi-deep-water saline lake. In this paper, based on the geologic, seismic, geochemical, and palaeobiogical data, the sedimentation environment of Pukou Formation and the genesis of saline sediments are discussed. Nowadays, there are three viewpoints on the formation of saline substances: (1) the saline substances from the marine transgression, in association with arid or semi-arid climate, and precipitated as saline deposits. (2) in the high-mountain-deep-basin environments, the saline substances from the weathering and leaching rocks such as carbonates, gypsolytes or other salinastones. (3) the saline substances derived mainly from the deep sources which were evidently related with faults or volcanism of the tectonic zone. In this paper, the author agrees with the third point. The reasons are as follows: ①the sedimentary characteristics: the saline deposits mainly belong to sodium-sulfate-chloride type. The sediments are cyclothems of saline rocks, mudstones and shales. ②the depositional conditions: many faults developed in Huaiyin depression during the formation of the saline deposits.③the asymmetry of salinity.④the palaeontological characteristics. All above-mentioned proofs show that the salt in deep strata was the major source and the deep fractures were the paths thtough which the salt substances entered into the depression.
引文
江苏省第六普查勘探大队,苏123井完井地质报告,1979.
戴维斯RA ,郑元译.1989.湖泊体系与盐湖沉积(摘要).国外矿产地质,(3):6880
龚与觐,孔庆玉.1989.苏北淮安凹陷白垩系浦口组成盐条件的讨论.石油实验地质,11(2):136143.
黄书城.1994.淮安盐矿下关矿区岩盐矿床地质特征与水溶开采.江苏地质,18(2):8185.
李东明,孙镇城,彭立才,等.1996.对“指相矿物”海绿石的重新认识.岩石矿物学杂志,15(4):380384.
梁青生.1999.新疆乌尊布拉克东部干盐湖成盐环境和成盐年代的初步研究.盐湖研究,7(2):15.
林春明,宋宁,牟荣,等.2003.盐阜坳陷晚白垩世浦口组沉积相与沉积演化.沉积学报,21(4):553559.
任来义,林桂芳,谈玉明,等.2002.从古生物和地球化学标志看东濮凹陷早第三纪的海侵事件.西安石油学院学报(自然科学版),17(1):2024.
徐天光,顾家裕,薛叔浩.1998.塔里木盆地轮台断隆第三系盐湖沉积环境研究.沉积学报,16(3):138140.
袁见齐,霍承禹,蔡克勤.1983.高山深盆的成盐环境———一种新的成盐模式剖析.地质论评,29(2):159165.
袁见齐.1989.袁见齐教授盐矿地质论文选集.北京:学苑出版社,
袁静,赵澄林,张文善.2000.东营凹陷沙四段盐湖的深水成因模式.沉积学报,18(1):114118.
岳文浙,丁保良.1999.江苏白垩纪陆相地层研究.火山地质与矿产,20(4):287344.
周建民,杨清堂,马秀莲,等.1995.河南安棚碱矿中自生沸石的产状及成因探讨.化工矿产地质,17(2):111117
Florinsky,IgorV .2000.Relationshipsbetweentopographicallyexpressedzonesofflowaccumulationandsitesoffaultintersection:analysisbymeansofdigitalterrainmodeling.EnvironmentalModelingandSoftwarewithEnvironmentDataNews,15(1):87100.
GongYujin,KongQingyu.1989.DiscussiononformativeconditionsforsaltinPukouFormationofCretaceousSysteminHuai’anDepres sion,NorthernJiangsu.ExperimentalPetroleumGeology,11(2):136143(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
HuangShucheng.1994.GeologyofXiaguanrocksaltblockofHuai’anSaltDepositionandsolutionmining.GeologyofJiangsu,18(2):8185(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
LiDongming,SunZhencheng,PengLicaietal.1996.Reconsiderationfor“FaciesMineral”glauconite.ActaPetrologicaetMineralogi ca,15(4):380384(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
LiangQingsheng.1999.Investigationofsalt formingenvironmentsandagesoflastWuzunbulakeSaltLakeinXingjiang.JournalofSaltLakeResearch,7(2):15(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
LinChunming,SongNing,MuRong,ZhaoYanyanetal.2003.SedimentaryfaciesandevolutionofLateCretaceousinYanfuDepression.ActaSedimentologicaSinica,21(4):553559(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
MeyersB ,RosendahlR ,andAustinJr,A ,etal.1996.DeeppenetratingMCSimagingoftherift to drifttransition,offshoreDoualaandNorthGabonbasin,WestAfrica.MarineandPetroleumGeology,13(7),791835(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
RenLai yi,LinGui fang,TanYu ming,etal.2002.StudyingmarinetransgressionofEarlyTertiaryinDongpuDepressionfrompalaeonto logicandgeo chemicalmarks.JournalofXi’anPetroleumInstitute(NationalScienceEdition),17(1):2024(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
XuTianguang,GuJiayu,XueShuhao.1998.SalinelakesedimentaryenvironmentsofTertiaryinLuntaifracture uplift,TarimBasin.ActaSedimentologicaSinica,16(3):138140(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
Yuanjianqi,HuoChengyu,CaiKeqin.1983.Thehighmountain—deepbasinsalineenvironment:anewgeneticmodelofsaltdeposits.GeologicalReview,29(2):159165(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
YuanJianqi.1989.TreatiseFlorilegiumonSaltMineofYuanJian qi.Beijing:XueYuanPublishingHouse(inChinese)
YuanJing,ZhaoCheng lin,ZhangWen shan.2000.GeneticmodelofthedeepwatersaltlakeofthePaleogeneSha4memberinDongyingSag.ActaSedimentologicaSinica,18(1):114118(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
YueWenzhe,DingBaoliang.1999.StudyonCretaceousstratigraphicsequenceofContinentalBasininJiangsu,Volcanology&MineralResources,20(4):287344(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
ZhengYuan,translated.1989.Lakesystemsandsaline lakedeposit(Abstract).MineralDepositsAbroad,(3):6880(inChinese).
ZhouJianmin,YangQingtang,MaXiulian,etal.1995.OccurrenceandoriginationofauthigeniczeolitefromAnpengalkalideposit,Henan.GeologyofChemicalMinerals,17(2):111117(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
戴维斯RA ,郑元译.1989.湖泊体系与盐湖沉积(摘要).国外矿产地质,(3):6880
龚与觐,孔庆玉.1989.苏北淮安凹陷白垩系浦口组成盐条件的讨论.石油实验地质,11(2):136143.
黄书城.1994.淮安盐矿下关矿区岩盐矿床地质特征与水溶开采.江苏地质,18(2):8185.
李东明,孙镇城,彭立才,等.1996.对“指相矿物”海绿石的重新认识.岩石矿物学杂志,15(4):380384.
梁青生.1999.新疆乌尊布拉克东部干盐湖成盐环境和成盐年代的初步研究.盐湖研究,7(2):15.
林春明,宋宁,牟荣,等.2003.盐阜坳陷晚白垩世浦口组沉积相与沉积演化.沉积学报,21(4):553559.
任来义,林桂芳,谈玉明,等.2002.从古生物和地球化学标志看东濮凹陷早第三纪的海侵事件.西安石油学院学报(自然科学版),17(1):2024.
徐天光,顾家裕,薛叔浩.1998.塔里木盆地轮台断隆第三系盐湖沉积环境研究.沉积学报,16(3):138140.
袁见齐,霍承禹,蔡克勤.1983.高山深盆的成盐环境———一种新的成盐模式剖析.地质论评,29(2):159165.
袁见齐.1989.袁见齐教授盐矿地质论文选集.北京:学苑出版社,
袁静,赵澄林,张文善.2000.东营凹陷沙四段盐湖的深水成因模式.沉积学报,18(1):114118.
岳文浙,丁保良.1999.江苏白垩纪陆相地层研究.火山地质与矿产,20(4):287344.
周建民,杨清堂,马秀莲,等.1995.河南安棚碱矿中自生沸石的产状及成因探讨.化工矿产地质,17(2):111117
Florinsky,IgorV .2000.Relationshipsbetweentopographicallyexpressedzonesofflowaccumulationandsitesoffaultintersection:analysisbymeansofdigitalterrainmodeling.EnvironmentalModelingandSoftwarewithEnvironmentDataNews,15(1):87100.
GongYujin,KongQingyu.1989.DiscussiononformativeconditionsforsaltinPukouFormationofCretaceousSysteminHuai’anDepres sion,NorthernJiangsu.ExperimentalPetroleumGeology,11(2):136143(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
HuangShucheng.1994.GeologyofXiaguanrocksaltblockofHuai’anSaltDepositionandsolutionmining.GeologyofJiangsu,18(2):8185(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
LiDongming,SunZhencheng,PengLicaietal.1996.Reconsiderationfor“FaciesMineral”glauconite.ActaPetrologicaetMineralogi ca,15(4):380384(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
LiangQingsheng.1999.Investigationofsalt formingenvironmentsandagesoflastWuzunbulakeSaltLakeinXingjiang.JournalofSaltLakeResearch,7(2):15(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
LinChunming,SongNing,MuRong,ZhaoYanyanetal.2003.SedimentaryfaciesandevolutionofLateCretaceousinYanfuDepression.ActaSedimentologicaSinica,21(4):553559(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
MeyersB ,RosendahlR ,andAustinJr,A ,etal.1996.DeeppenetratingMCSimagingoftherift to drifttransition,offshoreDoualaandNorthGabonbasin,WestAfrica.MarineandPetroleumGeology,13(7),791835(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
RenLai yi,LinGui fang,TanYu ming,etal.2002.StudyingmarinetransgressionofEarlyTertiaryinDongpuDepressionfrompalaeonto logicandgeo chemicalmarks.JournalofXi’anPetroleumInstitute(NationalScienceEdition),17(1):2024(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
XuTianguang,GuJiayu,XueShuhao.1998.SalinelakesedimentaryenvironmentsofTertiaryinLuntaifracture uplift,TarimBasin.ActaSedimentologicaSinica,16(3):138140(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
Yuanjianqi,HuoChengyu,CaiKeqin.1983.Thehighmountain—deepbasinsalineenvironment:anewgeneticmodelofsaltdeposits.GeologicalReview,29(2):159165(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
YuanJianqi.1989.TreatiseFlorilegiumonSaltMineofYuanJian qi.Beijing:XueYuanPublishingHouse(inChinese)
YuanJing,ZhaoCheng lin,ZhangWen shan.2000.GeneticmodelofthedeepwatersaltlakeofthePaleogeneSha4memberinDongyingSag.ActaSedimentologicaSinica,18(1):114118(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
YueWenzhe,DingBaoliang.1999.StudyonCretaceousstratigraphicsequenceofContinentalBasininJiangsu,Volcanology&MineralResources,20(4):287344(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
ZhengYuan,translated.1989.Lakesystemsandsaline lakedeposit(Abstract).MineralDepositsAbroad,(3):6880(inChinese).
ZhouJianmin,YangQingtang,MaXiulian,etal.1995.OccurrenceandoriginationofauthigeniczeolitefromAnpengalkalideposit,Henan.GeologyofChemicalMinerals,17(2):111117(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
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