麻粒岩中的水对大陆下地壳性质和演化的启示
摘要
大陆下地壳是地球深部最重要的层圈结构之一,是壳幔物质发生交换和相互作用的直接场所．麻粒岩是大陆下地壳的主要组成物质,其成岩模式和组成特点对于更好地理解大陆下地壳的性质、形成和演化具有重要的意义．流体是下地壳内非常活跃的一种介质,不仅会对下地壳内许多性质产生显著影响,还可能对麻粒岩的成因和下地壳的形成方式有重要制约．麻粒岩在某种程度上可以看作是大陆下地壳的代名词,变质作用造成的麻粒岩组成上的许多特点,如亏损生热元素(HPE)和大离子亲石元素(LILE)等,被广泛地认为是影响下地壳化学成分的直接因素．文中综述了近些年来对大陆下地壳、麻粒岩和流体作用的若干进展和三者之间日趋突出的争议和问题,结合对中国东部一些典型产地产出的麻粒岩捕虏体／地体麻粒岩中主要组成矿物(斜方辉石,单斜辉石,斜长石和石榴石)的Fourier变换红外光谱(FTIR)分析结果,指出这些矿物中的结构水可能构成了大陆下地壳内最重要的水储库．这些水的存在和发现,可能为研究下地壳内的流体活动、麻粒岩相变质作用和大陆下地壳的一些典型的地球物理学特征(如地震活动和电导率异常现象)提供新的途径,同时也表明大陆下地壳内的许多地质作用过程和原先的一些认识都可能要重新评估．
引文
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