漫湾和大朝山电站水库诱发地震活动及其构造环境研究
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摘要
位于云南澜沧江中段的漫湾和大朝山两电站水库位置相邻、大小相仿,坝高和库容均达到可能诱发地震的规模,都处于构造复杂的逆断层环境,但蓄水后库区地震活动水平明显不同,其中漫湾水库有明显的诱发地震活动,而大朝山水库蓄水5年来库区未出现地震活动明显增强现象。通过对漫湾和大朝山两电站水库蓄水后库区地震活动、库区地层和断层特点、地震活动与库区地层和断层特点的关系进行分析,认为沿断层的库水渗透、岩溶塌陷、水库规模、高应力环境、规模较大断裂的通过和断层力学环境等,并不是这两个电站水库诱发地震活动的主要因素;而马街、腰街、哨街一带发育有NE和NW向断层,且多为正断层性质,断面多倾向水库一侧,这些断层的破裂可能是诱发水库地震集中发生的重要原因。
Both Manwan and Dachaoshan reservoirs were constructed in the middle reaches of Lancangjiang River,Yunnan.They are border upon,and alike in many aspects.For example,both are located in complex tectonic environment of thrusts,have almost the same scale,and the dam height and capacity all reach the level to induce earthquake.However,their post-impoundment seismicities are very different.Significant reservoir-induced seismicity(RIS) occurred in the Manwan reservoir area after the reservoir impounding;but the seismicity had not increased in the Dachaoshan reservoir area in 5 years after impounding.Based on the post-impoundment seismicity,the strata and the characteristics of the faults in the reservoir areas,we conclude that the RIS in the Manwan and Dachaoshan reservoir areas should not be attributed to the permeation of water,karst collapse,reservoir scale,stress environment,large active faults running through the reservoir areas,and the property of faults to a great extent,may be caused by the rupture of NE-and NW-trending faults developing along Majie,Yaojie,and Shaojie.Of these faults,most are normal faults,and the fault planes lean to the reservoirs.
Both Manwan and Dachaoshan reservoirs were constructed in the middle reaches of Lancangjiang River,Yunnan.They are border upon,and alike in many aspects.For example,both are located in complex tectonic environment of thrusts,have almost the same scale,and the dam height and capacity all reach the level to induce earthquake.However,their post-impoundment seismicities are very different.Significant reservoir-induced seismicity(RIS) occurred in the Manwan reservoir area after the reservoir impounding;but the seismicity had not increased in the Dachaoshan reservoir area in 5 years after impounding.Based on the post-impoundment seismicity,the strata and the characteristics of the faults in the reservoir areas,we conclude that the RIS in the Manwan and Dachaoshan reservoir areas should not be attributed to the permeation of water,karst collapse,reservoir scale,stress environment,large active faults running through the reservoir areas,and the property of faults to a great extent,may be caused by the rupture of NE-and NW-trending faults developing along Majie,Yaojie,and Shaojie.Of these faults,most are normal faults,and the fault planes lean to the reservoirs.
引文
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董天禹,杜建民,简树明·2006·漫湾电站水库地震监测[M]//:秦嘉政,叶建庆,邵德盛,等·云南澜沧江流域水库诱发地震监测与研究·昆明:云南科技出版社:227-232·
李永莉,秦嘉政,董天禹,等·2004·澜沧江漫湾电站水库诱发地震分析[J].地震地磁观测与研究,25(3):51-57·
毛玉平·2003·澜沧江中段水利枢纽工程水库诱发地震的地震地质环境分析[J].地震研究,26(增刊):63-69·
毛玉平·2004·小湾库区水库诱发地震地质环境分析[J].地震研究,27(4):339-343
毛玉平,艾永平,邵德盛·等·2007·水库地震安全问题分析[J].地震研究,27(3):253-159·
王兰兰,杨晶琼,陈慧·2005·大朝山电站蓄水前后库区地震活动初步分析[J].大地测量与地球动力学,25(6):59-62·
王永安,陈燕·2006·大朝山水电站蓄水对前兆观测资料的影响[M]//:秦嘉政,叶建庆,邵德盛,等·云南澜沧江流域水库诱发地震监测与研究·昆明:云南科技出版社:266-271·
杨晶琼,毛玉平,王兰兰·2006·大朝山电站库区及周围地震活动图像及其地质构造背景分析[M]//:秦嘉政,刘学军,董天禹,等·云南澜沧江流域水库诱发地震监测与研究·昆明:云南科技出版社:172-180·
叶建庆,刘学军,董天禹,等·2006·漫湾库区地震震源参数研究[M]//:秦嘉政,叶建庆,邵德盛,等·2006·云南澜沧江流域水库诱发地震监测与研究,云南科技出版社:232-240
叶建庆,陈慧,刘学军,等·2006·大朝山水电站库区地震震源参数研究[M]//:秦嘉政,叶建庆,邵德盛,等·云南澜沧江流域水库诱发地震监测与研究·昆明:云南科技出版社:272-179·
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