塔里木库车盆地中生代原型分析
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摘要
地层沉积、地震剖面与露头资料并结合平衡剖面的研究,表明库车三叠纪盆地属于前陆盆地,侏罗纪与早白垩世盆地属于造山期后超大型盆地中克拉通边缘凹陷型盆地,它们具有不同的北部边界和沉降特征。三叠纪盆地的北部边界位于现今盆地北部边界以北6～21km的位置,而沉降中心则位于现今南天山山前及山下的中西段;侏罗纪盆地的北部边界位于三叠纪盆地之北,沉降中心则位于现今南天山山前及山下;早白垩世盆地的北部边界位于侏罗纪盆地之南,东段则已到达了现今边界以南的位置,而沉降中心已接近拜城北部。基于上述,建议在分析油气成藏时首先应进行三叠纪与侏罗纪烃源岩的分布研究。
Based on the sedimentary features, seismic profile, field outcrop observation and balanced cross-section restoration, the paper presented systematically the Mesozoic prototypes of the Kuqa Basin. It was indicated that the Kuqa Basin was a foreland basin in Triassic, and a sag-type basin in a post-orogenic super-large basin during Jurassic and Early Cretaceous, which almost had the same south boundaries but varied north boundaries and had different subsiding features in the above three periods. The Triassic basin had a north boundary to the north of that in present, with a distance about 6 to 21 km, and a subsiding center under the southern Tianshan Mountains today. The Jurassic basin also had a subsiding center under the southern Tianshan Mountains today, and a north boundary to the north of that of the Triassic basin. The Early Cretaceous basin had mainly two subsiding centers close to Baicheng county, with the north boundary being located to the south of that of the Jurassic basin, which might arrive to the south of that of the present basin in the eastern Kuqa Basin. According to what mentioned above, the paper suggested that the most important work on analysis of the oil and gas accumulation in the Kuqa Basin should be restoration of the distribution of Triassic and Jurassic source rocks.
Based on the sedimentary features, seismic profile, field outcrop observation and balanced cross-section restoration, the paper presented systematically the Mesozoic prototypes of the Kuqa Basin. It was indicated that the Kuqa Basin was a foreland basin in Triassic, and a sag-type basin in a post-orogenic super-large basin during Jurassic and Early Cretaceous, which almost had the same south boundaries but varied north boundaries and had different subsiding features in the above three periods. The Triassic basin had a north boundary to the north of that in present, with a distance about 6 to 21 km, and a subsiding center under the southern Tianshan Mountains today. The Jurassic basin also had a subsiding center under the southern Tianshan Mountains today, and a north boundary to the north of that of the Triassic basin. The Early Cretaceous basin had mainly two subsiding centers close to Baicheng county, with the north boundary being located to the south of that of the Jurassic basin, which might arrive to the south of that of the present basin in the eastern Kuqa Basin. According to what mentioned above, the paper suggested that the most important work on analysis of the oil and gas accumulation in the Kuqa Basin should be restoration of the distribution of Triassic and Jurassic source rocks.
引文
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何光玉,卢华复,李树新.2003.库车盆地秋里塔格构造带构造圈闭及油气勘探方向.地质科学,38(4):506—513.HeGuangyu,LuHuafuandLiShuxin.2003.StructuretrapsandpetroleumexplorationdirectionsofQiulitagestructurebeltinKuqabasin,northwesternChina.ChineseJour.Geol.,38(4):506—513.
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刘志宏,卢华复,李西建,贾承造,雷刚林,陈楚铭,王国强,范湘涛.2000.库车再生前陆盆地的构造演化.地质科学,35(4):482—492.LiuZhihong,LuHuafu,LiXijian,JiaChengzao,LeiGanglin,ChenChuming,WangGuoqiangandFanXiangtao.2000.EvolvingofstructuresinKuqarejuvenationforelandbasin.ChineseJour.Geol.(formerly,ScientiaGeologicaSinica),35(4):482—492.
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孙龙德,李曰俊,宋文杰,田作基,王国林,邬光辉.2002.塔里木盆地北部构造与油气分布规律.地质科学,37(增刊):1—13.SunLongde,LiYuejun,SongWenjie,TianZuoji,WangGuolinandWuGuanhui.2002.TectonicsandoilgasdistributioninthenorthernTarimBasin,NWChina.ChineseJour.Geol.,37(Suppl.):1—13.
田作基,宋建国.1999.塔里木库车新生代前陆盆地构造特征及形成演化.石油学报,20(4):7—13.TianZuojiandSongJianguo.1999.StructuresanditsevolvinginKuqarejuvenationforelandbasinsofTariminCenozoic.ActaPetroleiSinica,20(4):7—13.
王国林,彭更新,邱斌,雷刚林,聂采军,罗俊成,黄智斌.2004.塔里木盆地西北缘克孜布拉克剖面下二叠统砂岩沉积构造背景的初步研究.地质科学,39(4):599—603.WangGuolin,PengGengxin,QiuBin,LeiGanglin,NieCaijun,LuoJunchengandHuangZhibin.2004.ApreliminarystudyonLowerPremiansandstonefromtheKezibulakeprofileinNWmarginofTarimBasin.ChineseJour.Geol.,39(4):599—603.
王彦斌,王永,刘训,傅德荣,王军,王世成.2001.天山、西昆仑山中、新生代幕式活动的磷灰石裂变径迹记录.中国区域地质,20(1):94—99.WangYanbin,WangYong,LiuXun,FuDerong,WangJunandWangShicheng.2001.ApatitefissiontrackrecordsofMesozoicandCenozoicepisodicreactivationoftheTianshanandwestKunlunMountains.RegionalGeologyofChina,20(1):94—99.
吴根耀.2002.燕山运动和中国大陆晚中生代的活化.地质科学,37(4):453—461.WuGenyao.2002.TheYanshanianorogenyandLateMesozoicactivationinChinacontinent.ChineseJour.Geol.,37(4):453—461.
肖建新,林畅松,刘景颜.2002.塔里木盆地北部库车坳陷白垩系层序地层与体系域特征.地球学报,23(5):453—458.XiaoJianxin,LinChangsongandLiuJingyan.2002.CharacteristicsofCretaceoussequencestratigraphyandsystemtrackinKuqadepression,northernTarimBasin.ActaGeoscientiaSinica,23(5):453—458.
张寄良,刘毅,白森舒.1997.塔里木盆地油气与资源.北京:地质出版社.25—31,44—73.ZhangJiliang,LiuYiandBaiSenshu.1997.PetroleumandResourceofTarimBasin.Beijing:GeologicalPubl.House.25—31,44—73.
中国石油地质志玉门油田编写组.1989.中国石油地质志(卷十三),玉门油田.北京:石油工业出版社.47—48,82—83.YumenOilfieldEditorialCommitteeof“PetroleumGeologyofChina”.1989.PetroleumGeologyofChina,Vol.13,YumenOilfield.Beijing:PetroleumIndustryPress.47—48,82—83.
HendrixMS.1992.SedimentaryrecordandclimaticimplicationsofrecurrentdeformationintheTienShan:EvidencefromMesozoicstrataofthenorthTarim,southJunggar,andTurpanbasins,northwestChina.Geol.Soc.Amer.Bull.,104:53—79.
JiaD,LuHandCaiD.1998.StructuralfeaturesofnorthernTarimBasin:implicationforregionaltectonicsandpetroleumtraps.AAPGBull.,82(1):147—159.
LuH,HowellDGandJiaD.1994.RejuvenationoftheKuqaforelandbasin,northernflankoftheTarimBasin,northwest
China.InternationalGoel.Rev.,36:1151—1158.
①滇黔桂石油勘探开发研究院.1998.库车前陆盆地露头区中新生代地层构造沉积相含油性调查研究.295—301.
边立曾,卢华复,张宝民,陈建平,曹瑞骥.2003.塔里木盆地库车坳陷侏罗系恰克马克组叠层石及其环境意义.南京大学学报(自然科学版),39(1):9—16.BianLizeng,LuHuafu,ZhangBaomin,ChenJianpingandCaoRuiji.2003.StromatolitefromQiekemakeFormation,middleJurassicofKuqaDepression,TarimBasinanditsimplicationsfortheseafloodingevents.Jour.NanjingUniv.(NaturalSci.Ed.),39(1):9—16.
车自成,刘良,罗金海.2002.中国及其邻区区域大地构造学.北京:科学出版社.273—277.CheZicheng,LiuLiangandLuoJinhai.2002.RegionalGeotectonicsofChinaandNearbyRegions.Beijing:SciencePress.273—277.
陈发景,汪新文.2000.中国西北地区早中侏罗世盆地原型分布.地学前缘,7(4):459—469.ChenFajingandWangXinwen.2000.PrototypeanalysisofearlymiddleJurassicbasinsinnorthwesternChina.EarthScienceFrontiers,7(4):459—469.陈荣林.1995.
再论塔里木盆地中侏罗世的海泛事件沉积.石油实验地质,17(4):311—315.ChenRonglin.1995.OncemorediscussiononthemiddleJurassicmarinefloodingeventdepositionoftheTarimBasin.ExperimentalPetroleumGeology,17(4):311—315.
戴金星,王庭斌,宋岩,张洪年,徐永昌,张启明.1997.中国大中型天然气田形成条件与分布规律.北京:地质出版社.100—112.DaiJinxing,WangTingbin,SongYan,ZhangHongnian,XuYongchangandZhangQiming.1997.FormationandDistributionofMediumLargeSizedGasFieldsofChina.Beijing:GeologicalPubl.House.100—112.
丁道桂,刘伟新,崔可锐,王道轩,孙世群.1997.塔里木中新生代前陆盆地构造分析与油气领域.石油实验地质,19(2):97—107.DingDaogui,LiuWeixin,CuiKerui,WangDaoxuanandSunShiqun.1997.TectonicanalysesandhydrocarbondomainsintheMesozoicandCenozoicforelandbasinofTarim.ExperimentalPetroleumGeology,19(2):97—107.
何登发,李德生.1996.塔里木盆地构造演化与油气聚集.北京:地质出版社.44—84.HeDengfaandLiDesheng.1996.StructuralEvolutionandPetroleumAccumulationofTarimBasin.Beijing:GeologicalPubl.House.44—84.
何光玉,卢华复,李树新.2003.库车盆地秋里塔格构造带构造圈闭及油气勘探方向.地质科学,38(4):506—513.HeGuangyu,LuHuafuandLiShuxin.2003.StructuretrapsandpetroleumexplorationdirectionsofQiulitagestructurebeltinKuqabasin,northwesternChina.ChineseJour.Geol.,38(4):506—513.
贾承造.1997.中国塔里木盆地构造特征与油气.北京:石油工业出版社.348—357.JiaChengzao.1997.FeaturesofStructureofTarimBasinofNorthwesternChinaandPetroleum.Beijing:PetroleumIndustryPress.348—357.
李曰俊,孙龙德,吴浩若,王国林,苏玉山,黄智斌.2004.塔里木盆地西北缘三叠系硅岩砾石中的放射虫化石及其地质意义.地质科学,39(2):153—158.LiYuejun,SunLongde,WuHaoruo,WangGuolin,SuYushanandHuangZhibin.2004.RadiolarianfossilsfromchertgravelsofTriassicconglomerateinNWmarginoftheTarimBasinandtheirgeologicalsignificance.ChineseJour.Geol.,39(2):153—158.
李曰俊,孙龙德,吴浩若,王国林,杨朝世,彭更新.2005.南天山西端乌帕塔尔坎群发现石炭二叠纪放射虫化石.地质科学,40(2):220—226.LiYuejun,SunLongde,WuHaoruo,WangGuolin,YangChaoshiandPengGengxin.2005.PermoCarboniferousradiolarianfromtheWupatarkanGroup,westterminalofChineseSouthTianshan.ChineseJour.Geol.,40(2):220—226.
刘志宏,卢华复,李西建,贾承造,雷刚林,陈楚铭,王国强,范湘涛.2000.库车再生前陆盆地的构造演化.地质科学,35(4):482—492.LiuZhihong,LuHuafu,LiXijian,JiaChengzao,LeiGanglin,ChenChuming,WangGuoqiangandFanXiangtao.2000.EvolvingofstructuresinKuqarejuvenationforelandbasin.ChineseJour.Geol.(formerly,ScientiaGeologicaSinica),35(4):482—492.
卢华复,贾承造.2003.库车—柯坪再生前陆逆冲带构造.北京:科学出版社.13—18.LuHuafuandJiaChengzao.2003.StructuresofKuqaKalpinRejuvenatedForelandThrustBelt.Beijing:SciencePress.13—18.
卢华复,陈楚铭,刘志宏,贾东,王国强,贾承造.2000.库车再生前陆逆冲带的构造特征与成因.石油学报,21(3):19—24.LuHuafu,ChenChuming,LiuZhihong,JiaDong,WangGuoqiangandJiaChengzao.2000.ThestructuralfeaturesandoriginoftheKuqarejuvenatedforelandthrustbelt.ActaPetroleiSinica,21(3):19—24.
罗金海,车自成,李继亮.2000.中亚及中国西部侏罗纪沉积盆地的构造特征.地质科学,35(4):404—413.LuoJinhai,CheZichengandLiJiliang.2000.StructuralfeaturesoftheJurassicbasinsinwesternChinaandmiddleAsia.ChineseJour.Geol.(formerly,ScientiaGeologicaSinica),35(4):404—413.
孙龙德,李曰俊,宋文杰,田作基,王国林,邬光辉.2002.塔里木盆地北部构造与油气分布规律.地质科学,37(增刊):1—13.SunLongde,LiYuejun,SongWenjie,TianZuoji,WangGuolinandWuGuanhui.2002.TectonicsandoilgasdistributioninthenorthernTarimBasin,NWChina.ChineseJour.Geol.,37(Suppl.):1—13.
田作基,宋建国.1999.塔里木库车新生代前陆盆地构造特征及形成演化.石油学报,20(4):7—13.TianZuojiandSongJianguo.1999.StructuresanditsevolvinginKuqarejuvenationforelandbasinsofTariminCenozoic.ActaPetroleiSinica,20(4):7—13.
王国林,彭更新,邱斌,雷刚林,聂采军,罗俊成,黄智斌.2004.塔里木盆地西北缘克孜布拉克剖面下二叠统砂岩沉积构造背景的初步研究.地质科学,39(4):599—603.WangGuolin,PengGengxin,QiuBin,LeiGanglin,NieCaijun,LuoJunchengandHuangZhibin.2004.ApreliminarystudyonLowerPremiansandstonefromtheKezibulakeprofileinNWmarginofTarimBasin.ChineseJour.Geol.,39(4):599—603.
王彦斌,王永,刘训,傅德荣,王军,王世成.2001.天山、西昆仑山中、新生代幕式活动的磷灰石裂变径迹记录.中国区域地质,20(1):94—99.WangYanbin,WangYong,LiuXun,FuDerong,WangJunandWangShicheng.2001.ApatitefissiontrackrecordsofMesozoicandCenozoicepisodicreactivationoftheTianshanandwestKunlunMountains.RegionalGeologyofChina,20(1):94—99.
吴根耀.2002.燕山运动和中国大陆晚中生代的活化.地质科学,37(4):453—461.WuGenyao.2002.TheYanshanianorogenyandLateMesozoicactivationinChinacontinent.ChineseJour.Geol.,37(4):453—461.
肖建新,林畅松,刘景颜.2002.塔里木盆地北部库车坳陷白垩系层序地层与体系域特征.地球学报,23(5):453—458.XiaoJianxin,LinChangsongandLiuJingyan.2002.CharacteristicsofCretaceoussequencestratigraphyandsystemtrackinKuqadepression,northernTarimBasin.ActaGeoscientiaSinica,23(5):453—458.
张寄良,刘毅,白森舒.1997.塔里木盆地油气与资源.北京:地质出版社.25—31,44—73.ZhangJiliang,LiuYiandBaiSenshu.1997.PetroleumandResourceofTarimBasin.Beijing:GeologicalPubl.House.25—31,44—73.
中国石油地质志玉门油田编写组.1989.中国石油地质志(卷十三),玉门油田.北京:石油工业出版社.47—48,82—83.YumenOilfieldEditorialCommitteeof“PetroleumGeologyofChina”.1989.PetroleumGeologyofChina,Vol.13,YumenOilfield.Beijing:PetroleumIndustryPress.47—48,82—83.
HendrixMS.1992.SedimentaryrecordandclimaticimplicationsofrecurrentdeformationintheTienShan:EvidencefromMesozoicstrataofthenorthTarim,southJunggar,andTurpanbasins,northwestChina.Geol.Soc.Amer.Bull.,104:53—79.
JiaD,LuHandCaiD.1998.StructuralfeaturesofnorthernTarimBasin:implicationforregionaltectonicsandpetroleumtraps.AAPGBull.,82(1):147—159.
LuH,HowellDGandJiaD.1994.RejuvenationoftheKuqaforelandbasin,northernflankoftheTarimBasin,northwest
China.InternationalGoel.Rev.,36:1151—1158.
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