野外采集压制低频对原始数据质量的影响

英文篇名：The effect of suppression for low frequency signals on the acquired data in the field
中文刊名：石油物探
英文刊名：Geophysical Prospecting For Petrole
作者：常鉴 ; 吴云海 ; 李守才
英文作者：Chang Jian1 ; 2 ; Wu Yunhai3 ; Li Shoucai1 (1. Institute of Geophysical Prospecting ; SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Production ; Nanjing 210014 ; China ; 2. Western Branch of SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Production ; Urumchi 830011 ; China ; 3. Northwest Petroleum Company of SINOPEC Star Petroleum Exploration and Production Company ; Urumchi 830011 ; China)
中文关键词：压制低频 ; 有效带宽 ; 信噪比谱 ; 数据质量 ; 分辨率
英文关键词：low frequency signals suppression ; effective bandwidth ; signal-to-noise ratio ; data quality ; resolution
出版日期：2003-09-25
机构：中国石化南京石油物探研究所,中国石化新星石油公司西北分公司,中国石化南京石油物探研究所江苏南京210014石油勘探开发研究院西部分院新疆乌鲁木齐830011 ,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 ,江苏南京210014
年：2003
期：03
出版单位：石油物探

摘要

在地震勘探野外采集中,使用高频检波器和提高仪器前置放大器的低截频,会压制地震信号的低频部分。对其造成的后果,在认识上有2种观点:一种观点认为,压制低频可以相对提高高频信号的幅度,能记录更多弱的高频信息,有利于分辨率的提高;另一种观点认为这种措施会使低频信息受到压制,影响地震资料的分辨率。通过一次野外试验的结果对这个问题进行了探讨,认为检波器—仪器前放滤波器组成的系统不会改变数据的信噪比谱和有效带宽。因此在特定的工区,只有利用经过了叠前反褶积和去噪处理的叠加剖面,才可以判断检波器的自然频率和仪器低截频值对数据质量的影响。
The adoption of high frequency receiver and higher cutoff frequency preamplifier will suppress the low frequency seismic signals in data acquisition. However, there are two viewpoints about the effect that follows. One is that it will benefit the seismic resolution by relatively promoting the amplitudes of high frequency signals. The other is that it will impair the seismic resolution due to the suppression of low frequency signals. This paper illustrated by the results of a field experiment that the combination of receiver and preamplifier would not impair the signaltonoise ratio and effective bandwidth. For a particular survey area, the effect of the natural frequency of a receiver and the lower cutoff frequency of an instrument on data quality can only be judged by stack sections that were after prestack deconvolution and noise suppression.

引文

1　李庆忠.走向精确勘探的道路[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1994.45～60
    2　李庆忠.高分辨地震勘探的误区与对策[J].石油地球物理勘探,1997,32(6):751～783
    3　张山,华素琴.四川大足高分辨地震资料处理及效果[J].石油物探,1991,30(3):38～49
    4　张山.非均匀介质中叠加剖面的横向分辨率估算[J].石油物探,1988,27(2):56～66
    5　长春地质学院编.地震勘探仪器[M].北京:地质出版社,1980.1～37