地表多次波应用研究
|
摘要
在地震资料处理中,多次波通常作为噪声被压制和消除。但和一次波类似,多次波是地下反射层的多次反射,因此也蕴含了地层结构信息。如果把一次反射波当作震源(准震源),把多次反射波当作接收点波场,就可以像处理一次波一样对多次波进行偏移成像。首先通过互相关技术将多次波转化成准一次波;然后以一次反射波地表接收点作为准震源,对准一次波进行偏移成像。准一次波的运动学特征与一次波的相似,因此可以用准一次波来弥补一次波记录中缺失的近炮检距数据,以及在有陡倾角构造的情况下,有可能弥补缺失的远炮检距数据。数值模拟表明,多次波偏移能得到和一次波相似的成像结果。
In seismic processing,multiples are usually suppressed and re- moved as the noise.However,similar to primaries,multiples also record multiple reflections from the subsurface and so contain the reflectivity information of the subsurface.Regarding the primary as the source wave field and the multiple as the receiver wave field, multiples can also be imaged like the processing of primary.First- ly,cross correlation technique is used to transform multiples into pseudo-primaries.Then,by taking the surface receiving points as pseudo source,the pseudo-primary is imaged as primary migration. The kinematics features of pseudo-primary is similar to that of pri- mary,so the pseudo-primary can be used to compensate the absent of near offset data in primary record.Sometimes they can also be used to fill far-offset gaps with the existence of steeply dipping re- flectors.Synthetic data examples show that the image result ob- tained by multiple migrations is similar to that from primary migra- tion.
In seismic processing,multiples are usually suppressed and re- moved as the noise.However,similar to primaries,multiples also record multiple reflections from the subsurface and so contain the reflectivity information of the subsurface.Regarding the primary as the source wave field and the multiple as the receiver wave field, multiples can also be imaged like the processing of primary.First- ly,cross correlation technique is used to transform multiples into pseudo-primaries.Then,by taking the surface receiving points as pseudo source,the pseudo-primary is imaged as primary migration. The kinematics features of pseudo-primary is similar to that of pri- mary,so the pseudo-primary can be used to compensate the absent of near offset data in primary record.Sometimes they can also be used to fill far-offset gaps with the existence of steeply dipping re- flectors.Synthetic data examples show that the image result ob- tained by multiple migrations is similar to that from primary migra- tion.
引文
1 Verschuur D J,Berkhout A J,Wapenaar C P A.A- daptive surface-related multiple elimination[J].Geo- physics,1992,57(9):1166～1177
2 Liu F,Sen M K,Stoffa P L.Dip selective 2-D multi- ple attenuation in the plane-wave domain[J].Geo- physics,2000,65(1):264～274
3 Guitton A.Multiple attenuation with multidimensional prediction-error flters[J].Expanded Abstracts of 73~(rd) Annual Internat SEG Mtg,2003,1945～1948
4 Sava P,Guitton A.Multiple attenuation in the image space[J].Expanded Abstracts of 73~(rd) Annual Internat SEG Mtg,2003,1933～1936
5 Reiter E C,Toksoz M N,Keho T H,et al.Imaging with deep-water multiples[J].Geophysics,1991,56 (7):1081～1086
6 Berkhout A J,Verschuur D J.Multiple technology: Part 2,migration of multiple reflections[J].Expanded Abstracts of 64~(th) Annual Internat SEG Mtg,1994, 1497～1500
7 Sheng J.Migration multiples and primaries in CDP da- ta by crosscorrelogram migration[J].Expanded Ab- stracts of 71~(st) Annual Internal SEG Mtg,2001, 1297～1300
8 Guitton A.Shot-profile migration of multiple reflec- tions[J].Expanded Abstracts of 72~(nd) Annual Internat SEG Mtg,2002,1296～1299
9 Shan G.Source-receiver migration of multiple reflec- tions[J].Expanded Abstracts of 73~(rd) Annual Internal SEG Mtg,2003,1008～1011
10 Claerbout J F.Toward a unified theory of reflector mapping[J].Geophysics,1971,36(3):467～481
11 Curry W,Shan G.Interpolation of Near Offsets with Multiples and Prediction-Error Filters[J].Expanded Abstracts of EAGE 68~(th) Annual Conference. 2006,G026
12 Etgen J,Regone C.Strike shooting,dip shooting, widepatch shooting—Does depth migration care?A model study[J].Expanded Abstracts of 68~(th) Annual Internal SEG Mtg,1998,66～69
2 Liu F,Sen M K,Stoffa P L.Dip selective 2-D multi- ple attenuation in the plane-wave domain[J].Geo- physics,2000,65(1):264～274
3 Guitton A.Multiple attenuation with multidimensional prediction-error flters[J].Expanded Abstracts of 73~(rd) Annual Internat SEG Mtg,2003,1945～1948
4 Sava P,Guitton A.Multiple attenuation in the image space[J].Expanded Abstracts of 73~(rd) Annual Internat SEG Mtg,2003,1933～1936
5 Reiter E C,Toksoz M N,Keho T H,et al.Imaging with deep-water multiples[J].Geophysics,1991,56 (7):1081～1086
6 Berkhout A J,Verschuur D J.Multiple technology: Part 2,migration of multiple reflections[J].Expanded Abstracts of 64~(th) Annual Internat SEG Mtg,1994, 1497～1500
7 Sheng J.Migration multiples and primaries in CDP da- ta by crosscorrelogram migration[J].Expanded Ab- stracts of 71~(st) Annual Internal SEG Mtg,2001, 1297～1300
8 Guitton A.Shot-profile migration of multiple reflec- tions[J].Expanded Abstracts of 72~(nd) Annual Internat SEG Mtg,2002,1296～1299
9 Shan G.Source-receiver migration of multiple reflec- tions[J].Expanded Abstracts of 73~(rd) Annual Internal SEG Mtg,2003,1008～1011
10 Claerbout J F.Toward a unified theory of reflector mapping[J].Geophysics,1971,36(3):467～481
11 Curry W,Shan G.Interpolation of Near Offsets with Multiples and Prediction-Error Filters[J].Expanded Abstracts of EAGE 68~(th) Annual Conference. 2006,G026
12 Etgen J,Regone C.Strike shooting,dip shooting, widepatch shooting—Does depth migration care?A model study[J].Expanded Abstracts of 68~(th) Annual Internal SEG Mtg,1998,66～69
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心