Hudson理论中裂隙参数的适用性研究
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摘要
介绍了Hudson裂缝介质模型;阐述了边界元法的基本原理;建立了纵波在裂缝介质中传播的边界元法数值模型;模拟了裂缝密度、裂缝纵横比和裂缝填充物对纵波的传播速度和衰减因子的影响;分析了Hudson理论中裂隙参数的有效取值范围以及可能带来的误差。模拟结果表明,边界元法可以很好地模拟含裂缝非均匀介质中波的传播问题,裂缝密度对纵波传播速度和衰减因子有一定的影响。在地震长波长情况下,相同特征尺度的圆形干裂缝比薄形干裂缝对弹性波的散射可以进行更有效的衰减;裂缝饱和充水后各向异性程度下降,且纵横比值越小,岩石介质性质对裂缝流体越敏感。
The Hudson fracture medium model is introduced, the basic principle of boundary element method is elaborated, the boundaryelement-based numerical model of P-wave transmitting in the medium of fractures is established, the influence of density, aspect ratio , and filling materials of fractures on propagation velocity and decay factor of P-wave is stimulated, and the valid span of fracture parameters and possible error in the Hudson theory is analyzed. The result shows that 1) the boundary element method can well stimulate the wave transmitting in a heterogeneous medium such as fractures, 2) the density of fractures have a certain influence on the propagation velocity and decay factor of P-wave, and on the condition of long wavelength, the circular sun cracks with the same characteristic dimension are more effective in scattering of elastic wave than the thin sun cracks, and 3) the anisotropy degree of fractures decreases when it is saturated with water, and the less the aspect ratio is , more sensitive to fracture fluid the rock will be.
The Hudson fracture medium model is introduced, the basic principle of boundary element method is elaborated, the boundaryelement-based numerical model of P-wave transmitting in the medium of fractures is established, the influence of density, aspect ratio , and filling materials of fractures on propagation velocity and decay factor of P-wave is stimulated, and the valid span of fracture parameters and possible error in the Hudson theory is analyzed. The result shows that 1) the boundary element method can well stimulate the wave transmitting in a heterogeneous medium such as fractures, 2) the density of fractures have a certain influence on the propagation velocity and decay factor of P-wave, and on the condition of long wavelength, the circular sun cracks with the same characteristic dimension are more effective in scattering of elastic wave than the thin sun cracks, and 3) the anisotropy degree of fractures decreases when it is saturated with water, and the less the aspect ratio is , more sensitive to fracture fluid the rock will be.
引文
1刘恩儒,曾新吾．裂缝介质的有效弹性常数[J]．石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(1):37-44
2郝守玲,赵群．裂缝介质对P波方位各向异性特征的影响[J]．勘探地球物理进展,2004,27(3):189-194
3范国章,牟永光．裂缝各向异性介质中纵波速度的变化及其对共中心点道集叠加的影响[J]．石油物探, 2002,41(1):49-55
4 Crampin S. Evidence for aligned cracks in the Earth's crust [J]. First Break, 1985, 3(l)sl2-15
5 Sayers C M. Stress-induced ultrasonic wave velocity anisotropy in fractured rock [J]. Ultrasonic, 1988, 26(2):311-317
6韩开锋,尹梓安,曾新吾．间接边界元法模拟含裂缝介质中弹性波的传播[J]．国防科技大学学报,2005, 27(3):92-95
7 Hudson J A. Wave speeds and attenuation of elastic waves in material containing cracks [J]. Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 1981, 64(1): 133-150
8 Hudson J A. A higher order approximation to the wave propagation constants for cracked solid [J]. Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 1986, 87(2):265-274
9何樵登,张中杰．横向各向同性介质中地震波及数值模拟[M]．吉林长春:吉林大学出版社,1996．230- 232
10 Pointer, Liu E, Hudson J A. Numerical modeling of seismic waves scattered by hydrofractures: application of the indirect boundary element method [J]. Geophysical Journal International, 1998,135(2) :289-303
11 Yomogida K.Benites R. Scattering of seismic waves by cracks with the boundary integral method [J]. Pure and Applied Geophysics, 2002,159(8). 1 771-1 789
2郝守玲,赵群．裂缝介质对P波方位各向异性特征的影响[J]．勘探地球物理进展,2004,27(3):189-194
3范国章,牟永光．裂缝各向异性介质中纵波速度的变化及其对共中心点道集叠加的影响[J]．石油物探, 2002,41(1):49-55
4 Crampin S. Evidence for aligned cracks in the Earth's crust [J]. First Break, 1985, 3(l)sl2-15
5 Sayers C M. Stress-induced ultrasonic wave velocity anisotropy in fractured rock [J]. Ultrasonic, 1988, 26(2):311-317
6韩开锋,尹梓安,曾新吾．间接边界元法模拟含裂缝介质中弹性波的传播[J]．国防科技大学学报,2005, 27(3):92-95
7 Hudson J A. Wave speeds and attenuation of elastic waves in material containing cracks [J]. Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 1981, 64(1): 133-150
8 Hudson J A. A higher order approximation to the wave propagation constants for cracked solid [J]. Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, 1986, 87(2):265-274
9何樵登,张中杰．横向各向同性介质中地震波及数值模拟[M]．吉林长春:吉林大学出版社,1996．230- 232
10 Pointer, Liu E, Hudson J A. Numerical modeling of seismic waves scattered by hydrofractures: application of the indirect boundary element method [J]. Geophysical Journal International, 1998,135(2) :289-303
11 Yomogida K.Benites R. Scattering of seismic waves by cracks with the boundary integral method [J]. Pure and Applied Geophysics, 2002,159(8). 1 771-1 789
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