复杂地表条件下共反射面元(CRS)叠加方法研究
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摘要
在地表地形复杂的情况下,静校正不易做好,这是制约山地资料处理质量的一个很重要的因素.复杂地表共反射面元(CRS)叠加不需对叠前数据做静校正,而且在得到叠加剖面后可以利用叠加得到的波场参数剖面实现基准面重建.地震数据的试算表明,复杂地表CRS叠加得出的剖面与常规处理剖面相比有着较高的信噪比和同相轴连续性.与水平地表CRS叠加不同的是,在复杂地表CRS叠加的时距公式中,波场三参数耦合,难以通过简化CRS道集的方法将它们全部分离并逐个优化.引入模拟退火算法后,有效地解决了这一组合优化的难题.
In the condition of rugged surface topography,static correction can't be done well,which is an important factor that influences the processing quality of seismic data obtained from mountain regions.However,an extension of the CRS stack method that takes into account the effects of the surface topography can process pre-stack data without static correction.Then data redatuming can be performed with the kinematic parameters produced by CRS stack.Seismic data processing indicates that the result of the extension of the CRS stack for rugged surface topography is better than that of conventional stack in the aspect of S/N ratio and the continuity of reflection events.Different from CRS stack for horizontal surface,in the formula of CRS stack for rugged surface topography,the three kinematic parameters are combined.It is very difficult to separate them completely and optimize them in turn by simplifying CRS gather.The introduction of simulating annealing algorithm solves the difficulty in combination optimization effectively.
In the condition of rugged surface topography,static correction can't be done well,which is an important factor that influences the processing quality of seismic data obtained from mountain regions.However,an extension of the CRS stack method that takes into account the effects of the surface topography can process pre-stack data without static correction.Then data redatuming can be performed with the kinematic parameters produced by CRS stack.Seismic data processing indicates that the result of the extension of the CRS stack for rugged surface topography is better than that of conventional stack in the aspect of S/N ratio and the continuity of reflection events.Different from CRS stack for horizontal surface,in the formula of CRS stack for rugged surface topography,the three kinematic parameters are combined.It is very difficult to separate them completely and optimize them in turn by simplifying CRS gather.The introduction of simulating annealing algorithm solves the difficulty in combination optimization effectively.
引文
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[21]杨锴,马在田.输出道成像方式的共反射面元叠加方法Ⅰ———理论.地球物理学报,2006,49(2):546~553Yang K,Ma Z T.Common reflection surface stack by an outputimaging scheme.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(2):546~553
[22]杨锴,马在田,罗卫东.输出道成像方式的共反射面元叠加方法Ⅱ———实践.地球物理学报,2006,49(3):895~902Yang K,Ma Z T,Luo W D.Common reflection surface stack by theoutplanatⅡ:Practice.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(3):895~902
[23]Schleicher J,Tygel M,Hubral P.Parabolic and hyperbolic paraxialtwo-point traveltimes in 3D media.Geophys.Prosp.,1993,41(4):495~514
[24]Hocht G,Bergler S.CRS stacking formula for 3-D acquisition.WaveInversion.Technology,Report 2001,5:19~23
[25]Zhang Y,Hubral P.2D ZO CRS stack and redatuming for a complextop-surface topography.72ndAnn.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Expl.Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,2002.2051~2053
[26]Pedro Chira-Oliva,Jo o C R Cruz,Peter Hubral,et al.2-D ZO CRSstack by considering an acquisition line with smooth topography.WITReports,2003.36~47
[2]Hubral P,Schleicher J,Tygel M.A unified approach to 3-D seismicreflection imaging,Part I:Basic concepts.Geophysics,1996,61:742~758
[3]Tygel M,Schleicher J,Hubral P,et al.2.5-D true-amplitudeKirchhoff migration to zero offset in laterally inhomogeneous media.Geophysics,1998,63:557~573
[4]Perroud H,Hubral P,Hocht G.Common-reflection-point stacking inlaterally inhomogeneous media.Geophys.Prosp.,1999,47:1~24
[5]Hubral P,Hocht G,Jager R.Seismic illumination.The LeadingEdge,1999,18(11):1168~1171
[6]Hocht G,de Bazelaire E,Majer P,et al.Seismic and opticshyperbolae and curvatures.Journal of Applied Geophysics,1999,42(3~4):261~281
[7]Gelchinsky B,Berkovitch A.Multifocusing homeomorphic imaging,Part 1.Basic concepts and formulas.Journal ofApplied Geophysics,1999,42(3~4):229~242
[8]Gelchinsky B,Berkovitch A.Multifocusing homeomorphic imaging,Part 2.Multifold data set and multifocusing.Journal of AppliedGeophysics,1999,42(3~4):243~260
[9]Tygel M,Santos Lucio T.Multifocus moveout revisited:Derivationsand alternative expression.Journal of Applied Geophysics,1999,42(3~4):319~331
[10]Mann J,Jaeger R,Muller T,et al.Common-reflection-surfacestack—a real data example.Journal of Applied Geophysics,1999,42:301~318
[11]Muller T,Jager R,Hocht G.Common reflection surface stackingmethod—Imaging with an unknown velocity model.68thAnn.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Expl.Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,1998.1764~1767
[12]Zhang Y,Bergler S,Hubral P.Common-reflection-surface(CRS)stack for common offset.Geophysical Prospecting,1998,46(4):423~440
[13]Cruz J C R,Hubral P,Tygel M,et al.The common reflectingelement(CRE)method revisited.Geophysics,2000,65(3):979~993
[14]Jager R,Mann J,Hocht G,et al.Common-reflection-surface stack:Image and attributes.Geophysics,2001,66(1):97~109
[15]Li Zhenchun,Sun Xiaodong,Zhao Jianzhang,et al.Commonreflection surface stack based on complex top surface topography.BGP Technical Seminar,Dalian China,2004,55~57
[16]李振春,姚云霞,马在田等.基于参数多级优化的共反射面叠加方法及其应用.石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(2):156~161Li Z C,Yao Y X,Ma Z T,et al.Common reflection surface stackmethod based on multi-level optimization of parameters.OilGeophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),2003,38(2):156~161
[17]李振春,姚云霞,马在田等.共反射面道集偏移速度建模.地震学报,2003,25(4):406~414Li Z C,Yao Y X,Ma Z T,et al.Migration velocity modeling basedon common reflection surface gather.Acta Seismologica Sinica(inChinese),2003,25(4):406~414
[18]谭未一,杨长春,李瑞忠等.共反射面元叠加的实现途径及流程.地球物理学进展,2004,19(2):325~330Tan W Y,Yang C C,Li R Z,et al.Common reflection surface stackalgorithm and processing flow.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2004,19(2):325~330
[19]王华忠,杨锴,马在田.共反射面元叠加的应用理论———从共反射点到共反射面元.地球物理学报,2004,47(1):137~142Wang H Z,Yang K,Ma Z T.An applied theory on commonreflection surface stack———from common reflection point to commonreflection surface.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2004,47(1):137~142
[20]杨锴,王华忠,马在田.共反射面元叠加的应用实践.地球物理学报,2004,47(2):327~331Yang K,Wang H Z,Ma Z T.The practice on common reflectionsurface stack.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2004,47(2):327~331
[21]杨锴,马在田.输出道成像方式的共反射面元叠加方法Ⅰ———理论.地球物理学报,2006,49(2):546~553Yang K,Ma Z T.Common reflection surface stack by an outputimaging scheme.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(2):546~553
[22]杨锴,马在田,罗卫东.输出道成像方式的共反射面元叠加方法Ⅱ———实践.地球物理学报,2006,49(3):895~902Yang K,Ma Z T,Luo W D.Common reflection surface stack by theoutplanatⅡ:Practice.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(3):895~902
[23]Schleicher J,Tygel M,Hubral P.Parabolic and hyperbolic paraxialtwo-point traveltimes in 3D media.Geophys.Prosp.,1993,41(4):495~514
[24]Hocht G,Bergler S.CRS stacking formula for 3-D acquisition.WaveInversion.Technology,Report 2001,5:19~23
[25]Zhang Y,Hubral P.2D ZO CRS stack and redatuming for a complextop-surface topography.72ndAnn.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Expl.Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,2002.2051~2053
[26]Pedro Chira-Oliva,Jo o C R Cruz,Peter Hubral,et al.2-D ZO CRSstack by considering an acquisition line with smooth topography.WITReports,2003.36~47
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