二连盆地白音查干凹陷下白垩统腾格尔组沉积相
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摘要
根据岩心、电测曲线、录井、分析化验、地震等资料,研究了白音查干凹陷下白垩统腾格尔组沉积相类型和沉积特征,以及腾格尔组沉积相分布规律。结果表明,腾格尔组发育扇三角洲、辫状河三角洲、湖泊和浊积扇4种沉积相,扇三角洲分布在北部陡坡,辫状河三角洲分布南部缓坡,从盆地边缘到盆地中心,沉积相由扇三角洲、辫状河三角洲沉积渐变为半深湖—深湖相沉积,在三角洲侧翼发育滨—浅湖相沉积,在三角洲前缘以及前三角洲和半深湖中发育浊积扇,整体呈南北分异、东西分化,这种沉积格局受盆地周边断层和古地形控制。扇三角洲和辫状河三角洲前缘亚相带仍然是油气聚集的重要相带,而与断层相关的其前缘近岸浊积扇是岩性油气藏勘探的有利目标。
Based on cores’ description, electric log, mud logging, cores’ analysis data, seismic survey, etc., the sedimentary facies’ types and their characteristics of early Cretaceous Tenggeer Formation, Baiyinchagan (BYCG) Depression, were studied, as well as their distribution rule. The research showed that fan delta, braided channel delta, lacustrine facies, and turbidities were present in the formation, of which fan delta was located along the steep north border and braided channel delta in the gently south slope. In addition, from the margin to the depocenter of the depression, the sedimentary environments gradually changed from fan delta or braided channel delta to middle depth lacus and deep lacus, and on the flank of fan delta or braided channel delta were deposited shore sediments and meare sediments. The turbidities were distributed in the delta front zone as well as in the pro-delta and middle depth lacustrine zone. Generally speaking, the sedimentary facies were different from the east to the west of the depression and differentiated between the south and the north, which were controlled by the neighboring faults and the basin palaeo-topography. The fronts of fan delta and braided channel delta are still the important hydrocarbon accumulation area, and the faults-related turbidities in them are the potential targets of exploring the lithological hydrocarbon reservoirs.
Based on cores’ description, electric log, mud logging, cores’ analysis data, seismic survey, etc., the sedimentary facies’ types and their characteristics of early Cretaceous Tenggeer Formation, Baiyinchagan (BYCG) Depression, were studied, as well as their distribution rule. The research showed that fan delta, braided channel delta, lacustrine facies, and turbidities were present in the formation, of which fan delta was located along the steep north border and braided channel delta in the gently south slope. In addition, from the margin to the depocenter of the depression, the sedimentary environments gradually changed from fan delta or braided channel delta to middle depth lacus and deep lacus, and on the flank of fan delta or braided channel delta were deposited shore sediments and meare sediments. The turbidities were distributed in the delta front zone as well as in the pro-delta and middle depth lacustrine zone. Generally speaking, the sedimentary facies were different from the east to the west of the depression and differentiated between the south and the north, which were controlled by the neighboring faults and the basin palaeo-topography. The fronts of fan delta and braided channel delta are still the important hydrocarbon accumulation area, and the faults-related turbidities in them are the potential targets of exploring the lithological hydrocarbon reservoirs.
引文
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4Holmes A.Principles of Physical Geology[M].2nd Ed.London and Edinburgh:Thomas Nelson and Sons Ltd.,1965,553-554
5董冬.断陷湖盆陡坡带碎屑流沉积单元的沉积序列和储集特征-以东营凹陷永安地区为例[J].沉积学报,1999,17(4):566-571[Dong Dong.On vertical sequence and reservoir characteristics of alluvi-al debris flowsedimentary unit in fault basins,Eastern China:based on a case study of Yongan alluvial fan,Dongying Basin[J].Acta Sedim-entologica Sinica,1999,17(4):566-571]
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8Veevers S J,Thomas A T,Turner P.Fan-delta sedimentation in the Silurian Coralliferous Formation of SW Wales:implications for the structure of the southern margin of the Welsh Basin[J].Geological Magazine,2007,144(2):319-331
9Allen P A.Sediments and processes on a small stream-flowdominated,Devonian alluvial fan,Shetland Islands[J].Sedimentary Geology,1981,29(1):31-66
10刘宝-,余光明,陈成生.西藏日喀则地区第三系大竹卡组砾质扇三角洲——片状颗粒流沉积[J].岩相古地理,1990,10(1):1-11[Liu Baojun,Yu Guangming,Chen Chengsheng.Sheet grain-flow-dominated gravel fan deltas of the Tertiary Dazhuka Formation in the Xigaze area,Tibet[J].Lithofacies and Palaeogeography,1990,10(1):1-11]
11楼章华,卢庆梅,蔡希源,等.湖平面升降对浅水三角洲前缘砂体形态的影响[J].沉积学报,1998,16(4):27-31[Lou Zhang-hua,Lu Qingmei,Cai Xiyuan,et al.Influence of lake level fluctua-tion on sandbody shapes at shallow-water delta front[J].Acta Sedim-entologica Sinica,1998,16(4):27-31]
12于建国,林春明,杨云岭,等.分流河道特征及其识别方法:以东营凹陷东部地区为例[J].高校地质学报,2002,8(2):152-159[Yu Jianguo,Lin Chunming,Yang Yunling,et al.Features of distrib-utary channels and their diagnosis methods:exemplified by the East-ern Dongying Depression[J].Geological Journal of China Universi-ties,2002,8(2):152-159]
13McPherson J G,Shanmugam G,Moiola R J.Fan-deltas and braid-deltas:varieties of coarse-grained deltas[J].Geological Society of A-merica Bulletin,1987,99(3):331-340
14于兴河,王德发,孙志华.湖泊辫状河三角洲岩相、层序特征及储层地质模型——内蒙古岱海湖现代三角洲沉积考察[J].沉积学报,1995,13(1):48-58[Yu Xinghe,Wang Defa,Sun Zhihua.Lithofacies types,vertical profile features and reservoir geological models of braided deltaic sandbodies in faulted lake basin:the obser-vation on deposition of modern deltas in Daihai Lake,Inner Mongolia[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1995,13(1):48-58]
15王超勇,陈孟晋,汪泽成,等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部二叠系山西组及下石盒子组盒8段沉积相[J].古地理学报,2007,9(4):369-378[Wang Chaoyong,Chen Mengjin,Wang Zecheng,et al.Sedi-mentary facies of the Shanxi Formation and Member8of Xiashihezi Formation of Permian in southern Ordos Basin[J].Journal of Palaeo-geography,2007,9(4):369-378]
16Olariu C,Bhattacharya J P.Terminal distributary channels and delta front architecture of river-dominated delta systems[J].Journal of Sed-imentary Research,2006,76(2):212-233
17冯增昭.沉积岩石学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1993:84-155[Feng Zengzhao.Sedimentary Petrology[M].Beijing:Petroleum In-dustry Press,1993:84-155]
18赵澄林,朱筱敏.沉积岩石学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2001:67[Zhao Chenglin,Zhu Xiaomin.Sedimentology[M].Bei-jing:Petroleum Industry Press,2001:67]
19林春明,宋宁,牟荣,等.江苏盐阜坳陷晚白垩世浦口组沉积相与沉积演化[J].沉积学报,2003,19(4):553-559[Lin Chun-ming,Song Ning,Mu Rong,et al.Sedimentary facies and evolution of Late Cretaceous in the Yanfu Depression fromJiangsu Province[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2003,19(4):553-559]
20鄢继华,陈世悦,宋国奇,等.三角洲前缘滑塌浊积岩形成过程初探[J].沉积学报,2004,22(4):573-578[Yan Jihua,Chen Shiyue,Song Guoqi,et al.Preliminary study on the formation of flux-oturbidite in the front of delta[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2004,22(4):573-578]
2张福顺,王生朗,孙宜朴,等.白音查干凹陷层序地层研究[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(4):32-34[Zhang Fushun,Wang Shen-glang,Sun Yipu,et al.Framework of sequence stratigraphy and filling style of Baiyinchagan Sag[J].Petroleum Exploration and Develop-ment,2003,30(4):32-34]
3张福顺.白音查干凹陷扇三角洲与辫状河三角洲沉积[J].地球学报,2005,26(6):553-556[Zhang Fushun.Fan delta and braided delta sediments in Baiyinchagan Depression[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,2005,26(6):553-556]
4Holmes A.Principles of Physical Geology[M].2nd Ed.London and Edinburgh:Thomas Nelson and Sons Ltd.,1965,553-554
5董冬.断陷湖盆陡坡带碎屑流沉积单元的沉积序列和储集特征-以东营凹陷永安地区为例[J].沉积学报,1999,17(4):566-571[Dong Dong.On vertical sequence and reservoir characteristics of alluvi-al debris flowsedimentary unit in fault basins,Eastern China:based on a case study of Yongan alluvial fan,Dongying Basin[J].Acta Sedim-entologica Sinica,1999,17(4):566-571]
6Falk P D,Dorsey R J.Rapid development of gravelly high-density tur-bidity currents in marine Gilbert-type fan deltas,Loreto Basin,Baja California Sur,Mexico[J].Sedimentology,1998,45(2):331-349
7邵龙义,罗文林,顾家裕,等.塔里木盆地古近系层序地层研究[J].古地理学报,2007,9(3):283-292[Shao Longyi,Luo Wen-lin,Gu Jiayu,et al.Abasin-wide sequence the Paleogene stratigraphic analysis of in Tarim Basin[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2007,9(3):283-292]
8Veevers S J,Thomas A T,Turner P.Fan-delta sedimentation in the Silurian Coralliferous Formation of SW Wales:implications for the structure of the southern margin of the Welsh Basin[J].Geological Magazine,2007,144(2):319-331
9Allen P A.Sediments and processes on a small stream-flowdominated,Devonian alluvial fan,Shetland Islands[J].Sedimentary Geology,1981,29(1):31-66
10刘宝-,余光明,陈成生.西藏日喀则地区第三系大竹卡组砾质扇三角洲——片状颗粒流沉积[J].岩相古地理,1990,10(1):1-11[Liu Baojun,Yu Guangming,Chen Chengsheng.Sheet grain-flow-dominated gravel fan deltas of the Tertiary Dazhuka Formation in the Xigaze area,Tibet[J].Lithofacies and Palaeogeography,1990,10(1):1-11]
11楼章华,卢庆梅,蔡希源,等.湖平面升降对浅水三角洲前缘砂体形态的影响[J].沉积学报,1998,16(4):27-31[Lou Zhang-hua,Lu Qingmei,Cai Xiyuan,et al.Influence of lake level fluctua-tion on sandbody shapes at shallow-water delta front[J].Acta Sedim-entologica Sinica,1998,16(4):27-31]
12于建国,林春明,杨云岭,等.分流河道特征及其识别方法:以东营凹陷东部地区为例[J].高校地质学报,2002,8(2):152-159[Yu Jianguo,Lin Chunming,Yang Yunling,et al.Features of distrib-utary channels and their diagnosis methods:exemplified by the East-ern Dongying Depression[J].Geological Journal of China Universi-ties,2002,8(2):152-159]
13McPherson J G,Shanmugam G,Moiola R J.Fan-deltas and braid-deltas:varieties of coarse-grained deltas[J].Geological Society of A-merica Bulletin,1987,99(3):331-340
14于兴河,王德发,孙志华.湖泊辫状河三角洲岩相、层序特征及储层地质模型——内蒙古岱海湖现代三角洲沉积考察[J].沉积学报,1995,13(1):48-58[Yu Xinghe,Wang Defa,Sun Zhihua.Lithofacies types,vertical profile features and reservoir geological models of braided deltaic sandbodies in faulted lake basin:the obser-vation on deposition of modern deltas in Daihai Lake,Inner Mongolia[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1995,13(1):48-58]
15王超勇,陈孟晋,汪泽成,等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部二叠系山西组及下石盒子组盒8段沉积相[J].古地理学报,2007,9(4):369-378[Wang Chaoyong,Chen Mengjin,Wang Zecheng,et al.Sedi-mentary facies of the Shanxi Formation and Member8of Xiashihezi Formation of Permian in southern Ordos Basin[J].Journal of Palaeo-geography,2007,9(4):369-378]
16Olariu C,Bhattacharya J P.Terminal distributary channels and delta front architecture of river-dominated delta systems[J].Journal of Sed-imentary Research,2006,76(2):212-233
17冯增昭.沉积岩石学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1993:84-155[Feng Zengzhao.Sedimentary Petrology[M].Beijing:Petroleum In-dustry Press,1993:84-155]
18赵澄林,朱筱敏.沉积岩石学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2001:67[Zhao Chenglin,Zhu Xiaomin.Sedimentology[M].Bei-jing:Petroleum Industry Press,2001:67]
19林春明,宋宁,牟荣,等.江苏盐阜坳陷晚白垩世浦口组沉积相与沉积演化[J].沉积学报,2003,19(4):553-559[Lin Chun-ming,Song Ning,Mu Rong,et al.Sedimentary facies and evolution of Late Cretaceous in the Yanfu Depression fromJiangsu Province[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2003,19(4):553-559]
20鄢继华,陈世悦,宋国奇,等.三角洲前缘滑塌浊积岩形成过程初探[J].沉积学报,2004,22(4):573-578[Yan Jihua,Chen Shiyue,Song Guoqi,et al.Preliminary study on the formation of flux-oturbidite in the front of delta[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2004,22(4):573-578]
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