地震数据广义随机合成的偏移成像
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摘要
本文在地震数据广义合成方法技术的基础上,把地震数据广义合成方法中的广义合成函数取为时间随机函数,得到地震数据的广义随机合成道集和广义随机合成震源,提出了单程波方程的广义随机合成道集偏移成像方法。根据地震数据中各个共炮点道集中炮点坐标的不同,把广义合成函数取为与炮点坐标有关的时间随机函数,使随机合成道集中震源激发延迟时间具有随机性,避免随机合成道集数据中产生相干波场,从而保证随机合成道集对地下复杂构造的适应性和偏移成像效果。数值试验和实际资料处理结果表明:该偏移方法不仅可以取得与常规共炮点道集偏移方法相当的偏移效果,而且还具有极高的计算效率。
Based on the generalized synthesis of seismic data,a one-way wave equation migration method for generalized random synthetic gathers is proposed in this paper,through taking the generalized synthesis function in the generalized synthesis of seismic data as a time random function,and getting generalized random synthetic gathers and generalized random synthetic sources.According to the difference of the coordinates of the source points in these common-shot gathers,we take the generalized synthesis function as the random time function related to the coordinates of source points,so that the time delay of sources in the random synthetic gathers have the characteristic of random,avoiding coherent wavefield generated in the synthetic gathers,and guaranteeing the migration effects of random synthetic gathers and the flexibility to subsurface complex structures.The migration processing results from the numerical test and field data show that the migration method introduced in this paper gets the same migration result as that of conventional common-shot migration method,and has high calculation efficiency.
Based on the generalized synthesis of seismic data,a one-way wave equation migration method for generalized random synthetic gathers is proposed in this paper,through taking the generalized synthesis function in the generalized synthesis of seismic data as a time random function,and getting generalized random synthetic gathers and generalized random synthetic sources.According to the difference of the coordinates of the source points in these common-shot gathers,we take the generalized synthesis function as the random time function related to the coordinates of source points,so that the time delay of sources in the random synthetic gathers have the characteristic of random,avoiding coherent wavefield generated in the synthetic gathers,and guaranteeing the migration effects of random synthetic gathers and the flexibility to subsurface complex structures.The migration processing results from the numerical test and field data show that the migration method introduced in this paper gets the same migration result as that of conventional common-shot migration method,and has high calculation efficiency.
引文
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[4]Zhang G Q,Zhang W S,Hao X J.Prestack depthmigration with common-shot and synthesis shot re-cords.SEG Technical Program Expanded Ab-stracts,1999,18:1469～1472
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[10]Wu R S,Chen L.Beamlet migration using Gabor-Daubechies frame propagator.SEG Technical Pro-gram Expanded Abstracts,2001,20:74
[11]陈生昌.波动方程叠前深度偏移成像与速度建模方法研究[博士论文].上海:同济大学,2002
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[13]Berkhout A J.Changing the mindset in seismic acqui-sition.The Leading Edge,2008,27(7):924～938
[14]Berkhout A J,Verschuur D J.Blacquière G.Seismicimaging with incoherent wavefields.SEG TechnicalProgram Expanded Abstracts,2009,28:2894～2898
[15]陈生昌,曹景忠,马在田.基于拟线性Born近似的叠前深度偏移方法.地球物理学报,2001,44(5):692～698Chen Shengchang,Cao Jingzhong and Ma Zaitian.Prestack depth migration method based on quasi-line-ar Born approximation.Chinese J Geophys,2001,44(5):692～698
[16]Schuster G T et al.Theory of multisource crosstalkreduction by phase-encoded statics.SEG TechnicalProgram Expanded Abstracts,2010,29:3110～3114
[17]Dai W,Schuster G T.Least-squares migration ofsimultaneous sources data with a deblurring filter.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2009,28:2990～2994
[18]Rietveld W E A.Controlled Illumination in PrestackSeismic Migration[D]thesis,Delft Univ of Tech-nology,1995
[2]Berkhout A J.Areal shot record technology.J SeisExpl,1992,1(3):251～264
[3]Rietveld W E A,Berkhout A J and Wapenaar C P A.Optimum seismic illumination of hydrocarbon reser-voirs.Geophysics,1992,57(10):1334～1345
[4]Zhang G Q,Zhang W S,Hao X J.Prestack depthmigration with common-shot and synthesis shot re-cords.SEG Technical Program Expanded Ab-stracts,1999,18:1469～1472
[5]陈树民,刘洪,李幼铭.适于窄线三维地震资料的面炮方法.地球物理学进展,2001,16(3):58～67Chen Shumin,Liu Hong,Li Youming.The area shotmethod for land 3Dseismic acquisition.Progress inGeophysics(in Chinese),2001,16(3):58～67
[6]Rietveld W E A,Berkhout A J.Prestack depth mi-gration by means of controlled illumination.Geophys-ics,1994,59(5):801～809
[7]陈秀梅等.地表旋转控制照明叠前深度偏移.地球物理学报,2004,47(2):306～311Chen Xiumei et al.Prestack depth migration by sur-face rotation controlled illumination.Chinese J Geo-phys(in Chinese),2004,47(2):306～311
[8]Romero L A.Phase encoding of shot records in pres-tack migration.Geophysics,2000,65(2):426～436
[9]Sun P Y,Zhang S L and Liu F Q.Prestack migra-tion of areal shot records with phase encoding.SEGTechnical Program Expanded Abstracts,2002,21:1172～1175
[10]Wu R S,Chen L.Beamlet migration using Gabor-Daubechies frame propagator.SEG Technical Pro-gram Expanded Abstracts,2001,20:74
[11]陈生昌.波动方程叠前深度偏移成像与速度建模方法研究[博士论文].上海:同济大学,2002
[12]陈生昌,马在田.广义地震数据合成及其偏移成像.地球物理学报,2006,49(4):1144～1149Chen Shengchang,Ma Zaitian.Generalized synthesisof seismic data and its migration.Chinese J Geophys(in Chinese),2006,49(4):1144～1149
[13]Berkhout A J.Changing the mindset in seismic acqui-sition.The Leading Edge,2008,27(7):924～938
[14]Berkhout A J,Verschuur D J.Blacquière G.Seismicimaging with incoherent wavefields.SEG TechnicalProgram Expanded Abstracts,2009,28:2894～2898
[15]陈生昌,曹景忠,马在田.基于拟线性Born近似的叠前深度偏移方法.地球物理学报,2001,44(5):692～698Chen Shengchang,Cao Jingzhong and Ma Zaitian.Prestack depth migration method based on quasi-line-ar Born approximation.Chinese J Geophys,2001,44(5):692～698
[16]Schuster G T et al.Theory of multisource crosstalkreduction by phase-encoded statics.SEG TechnicalProgram Expanded Abstracts,2010,29:3110～3114
[17]Dai W,Schuster G T.Least-squares migration ofsimultaneous sources data with a deblurring filter.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2009,28:2990～2994
[18]Rietveld W E A.Controlled Illumination in PrestackSeismic Migration[D]thesis,Delft Univ of Tech-nology,1995
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