南沙海区礼乐盆地沉积地层与构造特征分析
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摘要
通过对地震剖面、钻井及拖网采样资料的分析,认为礼乐盆地发育有海相的中、新生代地层,存在晚白垩世与晚渐新世两个区域性不整合面,将沉积层分为三套构造层:下构造层较厚,为中生代地层,表现为翘倾断块和宽缓背斜两种构造样式;中构造层较薄甚至局部缺失,为古新世-早渐新世充填的张裂期沉积,表现为半地堑构造样式;上构造层为晚渐新统至第四系沉积,充填区域沉降期海相地层,地层较为平稳。在中构造层沉积过程中发育多排NE向控洼断裂,断裂倾向NW,形成多个半地堑,控制了新生代早期的沉积充填,同时也表现出礼乐盆地在新生代早期受明显的张裂作用。通过对各构造层的构造、沉积特征分析,认为礼乐盆地经历了挤压、拉张、漂移、区域沉降四个构造演化阶段,是一个以中生代地层为主的叠合盆地。
The Lile basin, located in the north of the Nansha block, is a complicated superposition basin,which underwent four tectonic phases.Through seismic reflection profiles, drilling and dredge sample analysis, we believe there develop Mesozoic and Cenozoic marine strata in this area.The sedimentary strata are divided into three structural layers by two territorial uncomformable surfaces, which are Late Cretaceous and Mid-Miocene interfaces respectively. The infrastructural layer is the thick Mesozoic sediments, and presents tilting fault blocks and broad fold structure modes. The middle layer is thin Palaeocene-Mid-Miocene rift sediments, locally absent in the uplift area, displaying the typical half graben sedimentary filled by. The upper layer, filled by local subsidence marine sediment, is continuous and steady. The NE-trending faults developing in early Cenozoic, controlled the early Cenozoic sediment filling in half grabens. These faults may indicate the Lile basin underwent intensive tensional tectonic movement above the Mesozoic sedimentary formation.
The Lile basin, located in the north of the Nansha block, is a complicated superposition basin,which underwent four tectonic phases.Through seismic reflection profiles, drilling and dredge sample analysis, we believe there develop Mesozoic and Cenozoic marine strata in this area.The sedimentary strata are divided into three structural layers by two territorial uncomformable surfaces, which are Late Cretaceous and Mid-Miocene interfaces respectively. The infrastructural layer is the thick Mesozoic sediments, and presents tilting fault blocks and broad fold structure modes. The middle layer is thin Palaeocene-Mid-Miocene rift sediments, locally absent in the uplift area, displaying the typical half graben sedimentary filled by. The upper layer, filled by local subsidence marine sediment, is continuous and steady. The NE-trending faults developing in early Cenozoic, controlled the early Cenozoic sediment filling in half grabens. These faults may indicate the Lile basin underwent intensive tensional tectonic movement above the Mesozoic sedimentary formation.
引文
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高红芳,曾祥辉,刘振湖,白志琳.2005.南沙礼乐盆地沉降史模拟及构造演化特征分析.大地构造与成矿学,29(3):385-390.
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阎贫,刘海龄,邓辉.2005.南沙地区下第三系沉积特征及其与含油气性的关系.大地构造与成矿学,29(3):391-402.
姚永坚,姜玉坤,曾祥辉.2002.南沙海域新生代构造运动特征.中国海上油气(地质),16(2):113-118.
张莉,李文成,曾祥辉.2003.礼乐盆地地层发育特征及其与油气的关系.石油实验地质,25(5):469-573.
周效中,魏常兴,夏戡原.1991.礼乐滩及其临近海区地层划分对比.见:中国科学院南沙综合科学考察队编.南沙群岛及其临近海区地质地球物理及岛礁研究论文集(一).北京:海洋出版社:80-92.
周蒂,吴世敏,陈汉宗.2005.南沙海区及邻区构造演化动力学的若干问题.大地构造与成矿学,29(3):339-345.
Haq B U,ardenbol J and Vail P R.1987.Chronology of fluctua-ting sea-levels since the Triassic.Science,235:1156-1167.
Hutchison C S.2004.Marginal basin evolution:The southernSouth China Sea.Marine and Petroleum Geology,21:1129-1148.
Holloway NH.1982.North Palawan block Philippines—Its re-lation to Asian mainland and role in evolution of South Chi-na Sea.AAPG Bulletin,66(9):1355-1383.
Kudrass HR,W iedicke M,Cepeck P,Kreuser H and MullerP.1986.Pre-Quaternary rocks dredged from the SouthChina Sea(Reed Bank area)and Sulu Sea,during SonneCruises in1982-83and their significance for the plate tec-tonic reconstructions.Marine Pet Geof,3:19-30.
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Schliiter HU,Hinz K and Block M.1996.Tectono-stratigraph-ic terranes and detachment faulting of the South China Seaand Sulu Sea.Marine Geology,130:39-78.
Taylor B and Hayes D E.1980.The tectonic evolution of the-South China Sea Basin.In:Hayes D E(ed).The tectonicand geologic evolution of Southeast Asian Seas and Islands.Geophys Monogr Set,23.AGU,Washington D C.
Taylor B and Hayes D E.1983.Origin and history of the SouthChina Basin.In:Hayes D E(ed).The tectonic and geo-logic evolution of Southeast Asian seas and islands,Part2.Geophys Monogr Set,27.AGU,Washington D C.
Williams H H.1997.Play concepts-northwest Palawan,Philip-pines.Journal ofAsian Earth Science,15(2/3):251-273.
Yan P and Liu H L.2004.Tectonic-stratigraphic division andblind fold structures in Nansha Waters,South China Sea.Journal ofAsian Earth Sciences,24:337-348.
Zhou D,Ru K and Chen H Z.1995.Kinematics of Cenozoicextension on the South China Sea continental margin and itsimplications for the tectonic evolution of the region.Tec-tonophysics,251:161-177.
高红芳,曾祥辉,刘振湖,白志琳.2005.南沙礼乐盆地沉降史模拟及构造演化特征分析.大地构造与成矿学,29(3):385-390.
郝沪军,林鹤鸣,杨梦雄,薛怀艳,陈隽.2001.潮汕坳陷中生界-油气勘探的新领域.中国海上油气(地质),15(3):157-163.
金庆焕,李唐根.2000.南沙海域区域地质构造.海洋地质与第四纪地质,20(1):1-8.
刘海龄,郭令智,孙岩,周蒂,舒良树,杨树康,张毅祥,张伯友.2002.南沙地块断裂构造系统与岩石圈动力学研究.北京:科学出版社,8-32.
邵磊,尤洪庆,郝沪军,吴国蠧,乔培军,雷永昌.2007.南海东北部中生界岩石学特征及沉积环境.地质论评,53(2):164-170.
吴世敏,周蒂,刘海龄.2004.南沙地块构造格局及其演化特征.大地构造与成矿学,28(1):23-28
夏戡原主编.1996.南沙群岛及其邻近海区地质地球物理与油气资源.北京:科学出版社,218-220.
夏戡原,黄慈流.2000.南海中生代特提斯期沉积盆地的发现与找寻中生代含油气盆地的前景.地学前缘,7(3):227-238.
阎贫,刘海龄,邓辉.2005.南沙地区下第三系沉积特征及其与含油气性的关系.大地构造与成矿学,29(3):391-402.
姚永坚,姜玉坤,曾祥辉.2002.南沙海域新生代构造运动特征.中国海上油气(地质),16(2):113-118.
张莉,李文成,曾祥辉.2003.礼乐盆地地层发育特征及其与油气的关系.石油实验地质,25(5):469-573.
周效中,魏常兴,夏戡原.1991.礼乐滩及其临近海区地层划分对比.见:中国科学院南沙综合科学考察队编.南沙群岛及其临近海区地质地球物理及岛礁研究论文集(一).北京:海洋出版社:80-92.
周蒂,吴世敏,陈汉宗.2005.南沙海区及邻区构造演化动力学的若干问题.大地构造与成矿学,29(3):339-345.
Haq B U,ardenbol J and Vail P R.1987.Chronology of fluctua-ting sea-levels since the Triassic.Science,235:1156-1167.
Hutchison C S.2004.Marginal basin evolution:The southernSouth China Sea.Marine and Petroleum Geology,21:1129-1148.
Holloway NH.1982.North Palawan block Philippines—Its re-lation to Asian mainland and role in evolution of South Chi-na Sea.AAPG Bulletin,66(9):1355-1383.
Kudrass HR,W iedicke M,Cepeck P,Kreuser H and MullerP.1986.Pre-Quaternary rocks dredged from the SouthChina Sea(Reed Bank area)and Sulu Sea,during SonneCruises in1982-83and their significance for the plate tec-tonic reconstructions.Marine Pet Geof,3:19-30.
Sales A O,Jacobsen E C,Morado Jr A A,Benavidez J J,Na-varro F A and Antonette E L.1997.The petroleum poten-tial of deep-water northwest Palawan Block GSEC-66.Jour-nal ofAsian Earth Science,15(2/3):217-240.
Schliiter HU,Hinz K and Block M.1996.Tectono-stratigraph-ic terranes and detachment faulting of the South China Seaand Sulu Sea.Marine Geology,130:39-78.
Taylor B and Hayes D E.1980.The tectonic evolution of the-South China Sea Basin.In:Hayes D E(ed).The tectonicand geologic evolution of Southeast Asian Seas and Islands.Geophys Monogr Set,23.AGU,Washington D C.
Taylor B and Hayes D E.1983.Origin and history of the SouthChina Basin.In:Hayes D E(ed).The tectonic and geo-logic evolution of Southeast Asian seas and islands,Part2.Geophys Monogr Set,27.AGU,Washington D C.
Williams H H.1997.Play concepts-northwest Palawan,Philip-pines.Journal ofAsian Earth Science,15(2/3):251-273.
Yan P and Liu H L.2004.Tectonic-stratigraphic division andblind fold structures in Nansha Waters,South China Sea.Journal ofAsian Earth Sciences,24:337-348.
Zhou D,Ru K and Chen H Z.1995.Kinematics of Cenozoicextension on the South China Sea continental margin and itsimplications for the tectonic evolution of the region.Tec-tonophysics,251:161-177.
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