鄂尔多斯盆地中生代热异常及烃源岩热演化特征
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摘要
在合理设定热模拟边界条件前提下,模拟分析鄂尔多斯盆地热演化过程,结果表明:在中、晚侏罗世,盆地大部分地区中生界地热梯度为4.3~4.6℃/100m,但在庆阳、西峰及其西南部分地区达到5.7℃/100m。结合热流与地壳厚度关系及地震、重力、磁法方面证据,认为造成鄂尔多斯盆地中生代地温异常的最可能的热事件模式是全盆范围的地壳减薄与局部地区隐伏岩浆体加热的叠加。在热异常背景下,三叠系延长组烃源岩层在侏罗纪埋深达到1600m便可成熟排烃,大规模生烃期在早白垩世。较长的排烃期与埋藏过程中构造的调整是造成油气多期充注的主要原因。图5表2参21
Based on the logical boundary conditions defined,the results of thermal evolution modeling of the Ordos Basin show that the temperature gradient of the Mesozoic Erathem during middle-late Jurassic is mainly from 43℃/km to 46℃/km,and locally(at Xifeng,Qingyang and their southwestern areas) beyond 57℃/km.Combining the relationship between heat flow and lithospheric thickness with the evidence of seismic,gravity and magnetics,this paper concludes that the pattern leading to the Mesozoic thermal anomaly of this basin may be the stacking of crustal thinning regionally and concealed magma heating locally.In the context of thermal anomaly,hydrocarbons would be generated from the Triassic Yanchang Formation source rock when its burial depth reached 1600 meters in the Jurassic period.The mass hydrocarbon generation occured in the early Cretaceous epoch.Multiple-phase hydrocarbon-fillings are due to long expulsion process and tectonic adjustment.
Based on the logical boundary conditions defined,the results of thermal evolution modeling of the Ordos Basin show that the temperature gradient of the Mesozoic Erathem during middle-late Jurassic is mainly from 43℃/km to 46℃/km,and locally(at Xifeng,Qingyang and their southwestern areas) beyond 57℃/km.Combining the relationship between heat flow and lithospheric thickness with the evidence of seismic,gravity and magnetics,this paper concludes that the pattern leading to the Mesozoic thermal anomaly of this basin may be the stacking of crustal thinning regionally and concealed magma heating locally.In the context of thermal anomaly,hydrocarbons would be generated from the Triassic Yanchang Formation source rock when its burial depth reached 1600 meters in the Jurassic period.The mass hydrocarbon generation occured in the early Cretaceous epoch.Multiple-phase hydrocarbon-fillings are due to long expulsion process and tectonic adjustment.
引文
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[14]王瑜.中生代以来华北地区造山带与盆地的演化及动力学[M].北京:地质出版社,1998.48-86.
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[16]张少泉,武利均,郭建明.中国西部地区门源—平凉—渭南地震测深剖面资料的分析解释[J].地球物理学报,1985,28(5):460-472.
[17]张抗.鄂尔多斯断块构造和资源[M].西安:陕西省科学技术出版社,1989.193-250.
[18]杨俊杰,李克勤,宋国初,等.中国石油地质志(卷4)[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1992.
[19]武明辉,张刘平,罗晓容,等.西峰油田延长组长8段储层流体作用期次分析[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(1):33-36.
[20]赵文智,胡素云,汪泽成,等.鄂尔多斯盆地基底断裂对上三叠统延长组石油聚集中的控制作用[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(5):1-5.
[21]王景,凌升阶.特低渗透砂岩微裂缝分布研究方法探索[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(2):51-53.
[2]任战利,张胜,高胜利,等.鄂尔多斯盆地热演化程度异常分布区及形成时期探讨[J].地质学报,2006,80(5):674-684.
[3]刘池洋,赵红格,王锋,等.鄂尔多斯盆地西缘(部)中生代构造属性[J].地质学报,2005,79(6):737-747.
[4]赵孟为,Behr H J.鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系镜质体反射率与地热史[J].石油学报,1996,17(2):15-23.
[5]孙少华,李小明,龚革联,等.鄂尔多斯盆地构造热事件研究[J].科学通报,1997,42(3):306-309.
[6]周江羽,吴冲龙,韩志军.鄂尔多斯盆地的地热场特征与有机质成熟史[J].石油实验地质,1998,20(1):2-24.
[7]陈瑞银,罗晓容,陈占坤,等.鄂尔多斯盆地中生代地层剥蚀量估算及其地质意义[J].地质学报,2006,80(5):685-693.
[8]Ungerer P,Burrus J,Doligez B,et al.Basin evaluation byintegrated two-dimensional modeling of heat transfer,fluid flow,hydrocarbon generation,and migration[J].Am.Assoc.Pet.Geol.Bull.,1990,74(1):309-335.
[9]Gradstein F M,Ogg J,Smith A.A geologic time scale 2004[M].Carmbrige:Carmbrige University Press,2004.
[10]任战利.中国北方沉积盆地构造热演化史研究[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999.1-162.
[11]柳益群,李文厚.鄂尔多斯盆地东部上三叠统含油砂岩的古地温及成岩阶段[J].地质学报,1997,71(1):65-74.
[12]周江羽,吴冲龙,韩志军.鄂尔多斯盆地的地热场特征与有机质成熟史[J].石油实验地质,1998,20(1):2-24.
[13]冯益民.祁连山大地构造与造山作用[M].北京:地质出版社,1996.98-101.
[14]王瑜.中生代以来华北地区造山带与盆地的演化及动力学[M].北京:地质出版社,1998.48-86.
[15]邢集善,叶志光,孙振国.山西板内构造及其演化特征初探[J].山西地质,1991,6(1):3-14.
[16]张少泉,武利均,郭建明.中国西部地区门源—平凉—渭南地震测深剖面资料的分析解释[J].地球物理学报,1985,28(5):460-472.
[17]张抗.鄂尔多斯断块构造和资源[M].西安:陕西省科学技术出版社,1989.193-250.
[18]杨俊杰,李克勤,宋国初,等.中国石油地质志(卷4)[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1992.
[19]武明辉,张刘平,罗晓容,等.西峰油田延长组长8段储层流体作用期次分析[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(1):33-36.
[20]赵文智,胡素云,汪泽成,等.鄂尔多斯盆地基底断裂对上三叠统延长组石油聚集中的控制作用[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(5):1-5.
[21]王景,凌升阶.特低渗透砂岩微裂缝分布研究方法探索[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(2):51-53.
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