库车前陆盆地东秋里塔格区带盐相关构造特征
摘要
库车前陆盆地的东秋里塔格构造带新近系中广泛分布着厚层膏盐,典型地震剖面解释发现,盐上地层、盐层和盐下地层分别具有不同的构造样式和变形机理。分别进行的地质模型研究表明,盐上层构造地质模型主要有逆冲断层和断层传播褶皱、顶板反向逆冲断层、逆冲推覆体、盐上向斜等构造;盐层构造地质模型主要有盐枕构造、鱼尾构造、盐推覆构造等;盐下层构造地质模型主要有断层转折褶皱、背冲断块构造、Ⅰ型三角带构造、逆冲断块构造、逆冲断裂带等。盐上层、盐层和盐下层共同组成的构造样式有Ⅱ型三角带,具有明显的三位一体的构造特征。盐相关构造形成各种各样的盐相关构造圈闭,这些盐相关构造圈闭与阳霞凹陷烃源岩生气期相匹配,在盐下构造圈闭中形成大量的天然气藏。
The Neogene in the eastern Qiulitage tectonic belt of Kuche foreland basin developed thick salt layer. The explanation of seismic profiles showed that the strata above salt layer, salt layer and strata below salt layer had different structural style and deformation mechanism. The geological models of the strata above salt layer include the thrust fault and fault propagation fold, roof plate reversal thrust fault, thrust drapes and syncline above salt layer. The geological models of salt layer contain the salt pillow, fish tail and salt nappe. The geological models of the strata below salt layer have the fault bend fold, pop-up, type-I triangle belt and thrust fault. The structural type jointly formed by salt layer, strata above salt layer and strata below salt layer is the type Ⅱ triangle belt. Salt-related tectonics formed many types of traps. The deformation stage of these traps matched the stage of gas generation and generated many gas reservoirs in the structural traps below salt layer.
The Neogene in the eastern Qiulitage tectonic belt of Kuche foreland basin developed thick salt layer. The explanation of seismic profiles showed that the strata above salt layer, salt layer and strata below salt layer had different structural style and deformation mechanism. The geological models of the strata above salt layer include the thrust fault and fault propagation fold, roof plate reversal thrust fault, thrust drapes and syncline above salt layer. The geological models of salt layer contain the salt pillow, fish tail and salt nappe. The geological models of the strata below salt layer have the fault bend fold, pop-up, type-I triangle belt and thrust fault. The structural type jointly formed by salt layer, strata above salt layer and strata below salt layer is the type Ⅱ triangle belt. Salt-related tectonics formed many types of traps. The deformation stage of these traps matched the stage of gas generation and generated many gas reservoirs in the structural traps below salt layer.
引文
[1]地震资料来源于中国石油塔里木油田公司勘探开发研究院,2005.
[1]邬光辉,刘玉魁,罗俊成,等.库车坳陷盐构造特征及其对油气成藏的作用[J].地球学报,2003,24(3):249-254.Wu Guanghui,Liu Yukui,Luo Juncheng,et al.Salt structures in the Kuche Depression and their role in the formation of oil and gas accumulations[J].Acta Geoscientia Sinica,2003,24(3):249-254.
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[15]王子煜.库车坳陷秋立塔克盐构造形成过程物理模拟[J].西安石油学院学报:自然科学版,2002:17(6):1-8.Wang Ziyu.Physical modeling of the evolution of Qiulitake salt structure in Kuche Depression[J].Journal of Xi’an Petroleum Institute:Natural Science Edition,2002:17(6):1-8.
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[17]杨明慧,金之钧,吕修祥.塔里木盆地库车褶皱冲断带的构造特征与油气聚集[J].西安石油大学学报:自然科学版,2004,19(4):1-4.Yang Minghui,Jin Zhijun,LXiuxiang.Structural characteristics and hydrocarbon accumulation of Kuche fold-thrust belts,Tali mu Basin[J].Journal of Xi’an Shiyou University:Natural Science E-dition,2004,19(4):1-4.
[18]管树巍,陈宁华,徐峰,等.库车坳陷秋里塔格褶皱带几何学和运动学特征与油气圈闭[J].石油学报,2003,24(5):30-34.Guan Shuwei,Chen Ninghua,Xu Feng,et al.Properties of geom-etry and kinematics relatedto hydrocarbontrapsin Qiulitag anti-cline zone of Kuqa Depression[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2003,24(5):30-34.
[19]卢华复,陈楚铭,刘志宏,等.库车再生前陆逆冲带的构造特征与成因[J].石油学报,2000,21(3):18-24.Lu Huafu,Chen Chuming,Liu Zhihong,et al.The structural fea-tures and origin of the Kuqa rejuvenation foreland thrust belt[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2000,21(3):18-24.
[20]卢华复,贾东,陈楚铭,等.库车新生代构造性质和变形时间[J].地学前缘,1999,6(4):215-220.Lu Huafu,Jia Dong,Chen Chuming,et al.Nature and ti ming of the Kuqa Cenozoic structures[J].Earth Science Frontiers,1999,6(4):215-220.
[21]刘志宏,卢华复,李西建,等.库车再生前陆盆地的构造演化[J].地质科学,2000,35(4):482-492.Liu Zhihong,Lu Huafu,Li Xijian,et al.Tectonic evolution of Kuqa rejuvenated foreland basin[J].Scientia Geologica Sinica,2000,35(4):482-492.
[22]李贤庆,肖贤明,米敬奎,等.应用生烃动力学方法研究库车坳陷烃源岩生烃史[J].煤田地质与勘探,2005,33(5):29-32.Li Xianqing,Xiao Xianming,Mi Jingkui,et al.The study on hy-drocarbon generation histories in Kuqa Depression using the method of kinetics[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2005,33(5):29-32.
[23]赵孟军,卢双舫.库车坳陷两期成藏及其对油气分布的影响[J].石油学报,2003,24(5):16-35.Zhao Mengjun,Lu Shuangfang.Two periods of reservoir forming and their significance for hydrocarbon distribution in Kuqa De-pression[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2003,24(5):16-35.
[24]赵靖舟,戴金星.库车前陆逆冲带天然气成藏期与成藏史[J].石油学报,2002,23(2):6-10.Zhao Jingzhou,Dai Jinxing.Ti ming and filling history of natural gas reservoirsin Kuqa forelandthrust belts,Tari mBasin[J].Ac-ta Petrolei Sinica,2002,23(2):6-10.
[1]邬光辉,刘玉魁,罗俊成,等.库车坳陷盐构造特征及其对油气成藏的作用[J].地球学报,2003,24(3):249-254.Wu Guanghui,Liu Yukui,Luo Juncheng,et al.Salt structures in the Kuche Depression and their role in the formation of oil and gas accumulations[J].Acta Geoscientia Sinica,2003,24(3):249-254.
[2]周江羽,林忠民,周凌方,等.塔里木盆地北部石炭系盐体塑性形变与油气圈闭[J].石油与天然气地质,1999,20(3):216-219.Zhou Jiangyu,Lin Zhongmin,Zhou Lingfang,et al.Plastic de-formation and oil-gas traps of Carboniferous salt body in north-ern Tari m Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,1999,20(3):216-219.
[3]周兴熙.库车坳陷第三系盐膏质盖层特征及其对油气成藏的控制作用[J].古地理学报,2000,2(4):51-57.Zhou Xingxi.The features of Tertiary halite-gypsum caprocks and their control onforming of oil and gas poolsin Kuqa Depres-sion[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2000,2(4):51-57.
[4]齐兴宇,黄先雄,秦建峰,等.东濮凹陷盐岩与油气[J].石油学报,1992,13(1):23-29.Qi Xingyu,Huang Xianxiong,Qin Jianfeng,et al.The relation of salt deposit to oil and gas accumulation in Dongpu Depression[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1992,13(1):23-29.
[5]Poliakov A N B,Podladchikov Y Y,Dawson E Ch,et al.Salt dia-pirism with si multaneous brittle faulting and viscous flow[M]∥Alsop GI,Blundell DJ,Davidson I.Salt tectonics.London:Geo-logical Society of London Special Publication100,1996:275-302.
[6]陈书平,汤良杰,贾承造.前陆区盐层对盐上盐下层构造高点的控制及石油地质意义[J].地球科学,2003,28(3):297-300.Chen Shuping,Tang Liangjie,Jia Chengzao,et al.Control of structural heightsin overburden and substrate evaporitelayersin forelands andits petroleumi mplication[J].Earth Science,2003,28(3):297-300.
[7]Rowan M G,Jackscon M P A,Trudgill B D.Salt-related fault families and fault welds in the Northern Gulf of Mexico[J].AAPG Bulletin,1999,83(9):1454-1484.
[8]Edgell HS.Salt tectonics in the Persian Gulf Basin[M]∥Alsop GI,Blundell D J,Davidson I.Salt tectonics.London:Geological Society of London Special Publication100,1996:129-151.
[9]陈书平,汤良杰,贾承造,等.库车坳陷西段盐构造及其与油气的关系[J].石油学报,2004,25(1):30-34.Chen Shuping,Tang Liangjie,Jia Chengzao,et al.Salt tectonics in the western Kuqa Depression and its relation to oil and gas distribution[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2004,25(1):30-34.
[10]汤良杰,贾承造,皮学军,等.库车前陆褶皱带盐相关构造样式[J].中国科学D辑,2003,33(1):38-46.Tang Liangjie,Jia Chengzao,Pi Xuejun,et al.The structural types of salt related structures in Kuqa foreland thrust belt[J].Science in China(Series D),2003,33(1):38-46.
[11]汤良杰,贾承造,金之钧,等.塔里木盆地库车前陆褶皱带中段盐相关构造特征与油气聚集[J].地质论评,2003,49(5):501-506.Tang Liangjie,Jia Chengzao,Jin Zhijun,et al.Salt-related struc-tural characteristics and hydrocarbon accumulationin the middle segment of the Kuqa forelandfold belt inthe northern Tari mBa-sin,NWChina[J].Geological Review,2003,49(5):501-506.
[12]汤良杰,李京昌,余一欣,等.库车前陆褶皱—冲断带盐构造差异变形和分段性特征探讨[J].地质学报,2006,80(3):313-320.Tang Liangjie,Li JingChang,Yu Yixin,et al.Differential salt tec-tonic deformation and segmentation of the Kuqa foreland fold-thrust belt,Tari mbasin,Northern China[J].Acta Geologica Sin-ica,2006,80(3):313-320.
[13]张朝军,田在艺.塔里木盆地库车坳陷第三系盐构造与油气[J].石油学报,1998,19(1):6-10.Zhang Chaojun,Tian Zaiyi.Tertiary salt structures and hydro-carbons in Kuche Depression of Tari m Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1998,19(1):6-10.
[14]汤良杰.塔里木盆地构造演化与构造样式[J].地球科学,1994,19(6):742-754.Tang Liangjie.Evolution and tectonic patterns of Tari m Basin[J].Earth Science,1994,19(6):742-754.
[15]王子煜.库车坳陷秋立塔克盐构造形成过程物理模拟[J].西安石油学院学报:自然科学版,2002:17(6):1-8.Wang Ziyu.Physical modeling of the evolution of Qiulitake salt structure in Kuche Depression[J].Journal of Xi’an Petroleum Institute:Natural Science Edition,2002:17(6):1-8.
[16]田作基,宋建国.塔里木库车新生代前陆盆地构造特征及形成演化[J].石油学报,1999,20(4):7-13.Tian Zuoji,Song Jianguo.Tertiary structure characteristics and evolution of Kuche foreland basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1999,20(4):7-13.
[17]杨明慧,金之钧,吕修祥.塔里木盆地库车褶皱冲断带的构造特征与油气聚集[J].西安石油大学学报:自然科学版,2004,19(4):1-4.Yang Minghui,Jin Zhijun,LXiuxiang.Structural characteristics and hydrocarbon accumulation of Kuche fold-thrust belts,Tali mu Basin[J].Journal of Xi’an Shiyou University:Natural Science E-dition,2004,19(4):1-4.
[18]管树巍,陈宁华,徐峰,等.库车坳陷秋里塔格褶皱带几何学和运动学特征与油气圈闭[J].石油学报,2003,24(5):30-34.Guan Shuwei,Chen Ninghua,Xu Feng,et al.Properties of geom-etry and kinematics relatedto hydrocarbontrapsin Qiulitag anti-cline zone of Kuqa Depression[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2003,24(5):30-34.
[19]卢华复,陈楚铭,刘志宏,等.库车再生前陆逆冲带的构造特征与成因[J].石油学报,2000,21(3):18-24.Lu Huafu,Chen Chuming,Liu Zhihong,et al.The structural fea-tures and origin of the Kuqa rejuvenation foreland thrust belt[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2000,21(3):18-24.
[20]卢华复,贾东,陈楚铭,等.库车新生代构造性质和变形时间[J].地学前缘,1999,6(4):215-220.Lu Huafu,Jia Dong,Chen Chuming,et al.Nature and ti ming of the Kuqa Cenozoic structures[J].Earth Science Frontiers,1999,6(4):215-220.
[21]刘志宏,卢华复,李西建,等.库车再生前陆盆地的构造演化[J].地质科学,2000,35(4):482-492.Liu Zhihong,Lu Huafu,Li Xijian,et al.Tectonic evolution of Kuqa rejuvenated foreland basin[J].Scientia Geologica Sinica,2000,35(4):482-492.
[22]李贤庆,肖贤明,米敬奎,等.应用生烃动力学方法研究库车坳陷烃源岩生烃史[J].煤田地质与勘探,2005,33(5):29-32.Li Xianqing,Xiao Xianming,Mi Jingkui,et al.The study on hy-drocarbon generation histories in Kuqa Depression using the method of kinetics[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2005,33(5):29-32.
[23]赵孟军,卢双舫.库车坳陷两期成藏及其对油气分布的影响[J].石油学报,2003,24(5):16-35.Zhao Mengjun,Lu Shuangfang.Two periods of reservoir forming and their significance for hydrocarbon distribution in Kuqa De-pression[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2003,24(5):16-35.
[24]赵靖舟,戴金星.库车前陆逆冲带天然气成藏期与成藏史[J].石油学报,2002,23(2):6-10.Zhao Jingzhou,Dai Jinxing.Ti ming and filling history of natural gas reservoirsin Kuqa forelandthrust belts,Tari mBasin[J].Ac-ta Petrolei Sinica,2002,23(2):6-10.
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