中国震积作用和震积岩研究进展
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摘要
震积岩是在地层中具有古地震事件记录的岩层,对其进行研究可为地壳构造演化提供动力学解释。目前国内外学者对震积岩的研究主要集中在古生代以前的海相地层。对中国在海相和陆相地层的震积岩与震积作用、地震-海啸序列、碳酸盐岩振动液化地震序列、震积岩与震积不整合序列、萨布哈震积岩序列以及中生代陆相地层中碎屑岩原地系统的地震液化序列等方面的研究成果进行了综述。对惠民凹陷古近纪陆相碎屑岩地层的研究结果表明,该区发育微同沉积断裂和震裂缝、卷曲变形构造、水下岩脉和泄水构造、震积枕状及伴生构造等典型的地震成因变形构造。震积岩垂向序列自下而上为:A段为下伏未震层,B段为微同沉积断裂层,C段为微褶皱变形层,D段为枕状及伴生构造层,E段为液化均一层,F段为上覆未震层。深入开展新生代陆相断陷湖盆震积作用和震积岩研究,能为盆地构造演化提供动力学解释,如果能与岩性、成岩作用史、孔隙演化史相匹配研究震积岩,将具有一定的石油地质意义。
As a kind of catastrophic event rocks, seismites are the terranes having ancient earthquake records, which can supply the dynamics explanation for the crust evolution. The research of seismites mostly focuses on the marine stratum before Paleozoic. The research efforts of seismites and seismic deposition, earthquake-tsunami sequence, vibrational liquefaction sequence in carbonate rock, seismites and seismic unconformity, sabkha seismites sequence, the autochthonous seismic liquefaction sequence in clastic rock were summarized. The investigation shows that the structures were generated by ancient earthquake founded in terrigenous clastic rifted-basin in Paleogene, including syn-sedimentary micro-fracture and ground fissure, convolute deformation structure, swarm and water-escape structure, seism-pillow and partner structure. The vertical sequence of the clastic seimites in Huimin sag is underlying unshocked layer, syn-sedimentary microfracture, micro-corrugated layer, pillow structure and partner structure layer, liquefied homogenization layer and overlying unshocked layer from down to up. It is very important to develop the researches of paleoseismic records and seismites in lacustrine depression in Paleogene.
As a kind of catastrophic event rocks, seismites are the terranes having ancient earthquake records, which can supply the dynamics explanation for the crust evolution. The research of seismites mostly focuses on the marine stratum before Paleozoic. The research efforts of seismites and seismic deposition, earthquake-tsunami sequence, vibrational liquefaction sequence in carbonate rock, seismites and seismic unconformity, sabkha seismites sequence, the autochthonous seismic liquefaction sequence in clastic rock were summarized. The investigation shows that the structures were generated by ancient earthquake founded in terrigenous clastic rifted-basin in Paleogene, including syn-sedimentary micro-fracture and ground fissure, convolute deformation structure, swarm and water-escape structure, seism-pillow and partner structure. The vertical sequence of the clastic seimites in Huimin sag is underlying unshocked layer, syn-sedimentary microfracture, micro-corrugated layer, pillow structure and partner structure layer, liquefied homogenization layer and overlying unshocked layer from down to up. It is very important to develop the researches of paleoseismic records and seismites in lacustrine depression in Paleogene.
引文
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