龙门山冲断带北段前锋带新生代构造变形
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摘要
龙门山北段前锋构造的地震剖面解释和前缘盆地内沉积地层的磁组构研究表明前锋构造中发育两期构造挤压作用,即整体强烈的晚三叠世变形和由北向南逐渐减弱的弱新生代构造变形。受这两期构造挤压作用的控制,龙门山北段前锋构造中发育上、下两套构造层,地表构造为晚三叠世时期形成,而深部隐伏构造则形成于新生代。北部的矿山梁和天井山构造几何学上表现为一个双重构造,浅层是一个晚三叠世形成的断层转折褶皱;深层是新生代形成的多个逆冲岩片叠置所构成的隐伏堆垛背斜;南部的青林口和中坝构造主体表现为叠瓦状逆冲,前锋构造是断层转折褶皱和断层传播褶皱。新生代构造冲断位移量以及造成早期构造抬升由北向南逐渐减小,反映新生代变形强度由北向南的减弱。磁组构研究表明新生代变形从龙门山冲断带边缘到盆地内部,磁组构从铅笔状磁组构到初始变形磁组构并逐渐过渡到沉积磁组构。由南向北磁组构由初始变形磁组构转变为铅笔状磁组构,说明应变越来越强,从而进一步证明了龙门山前锋新生代构造的弱变形作用和变形强度的北强南弱分布特征。
Seismic interpretation, field investigations and magnetic fabrics study reveal a week Cenozoic tectonic compressive deformation occurred in the northern Longmenshan front belt, which changed the older structures formed during the Late Triassic. So the front belt of the Northern Longmenshan exhibits a double-layer structural style characterized by shallow thrust structures of early deformation and deep blind ones of Cenozoic. The Kuangshanliang and Tianjingshan present a duplex which comprises of a shallow fault-bend fold of late Triassic and a deep blind stacking anticline imbricated by several thrust sheets of Cenozoic. And Qinglinkou and Zhongba shows a shallow imbricate structure of late Triassic and a blind fault-bend fold or fault-propagation fold which may be created or altered in the Cenozoic. The Cenozoic deformation intensity becomes much weaker from the north to south and results in the smaller displacement and structural uplift of the thrust folds. Magnetic fabrics study in the Jurassic and Cretaceous also illustrate the degressive distribution of the week Cenozoic deformation of the Northern Longmenshan front belt from the north to south, where the sedimentary magnetic fabric changes to initial deformation magnetic fabric and finally to pencil-shaped magnetic fabric from the Sichuan basin to thrust belt and initial deformation magnetic fabrics to pencil-shaped magnetic fabrics from the south to north along the northern frontier Longmenshan belt.
Seismic interpretation, field investigations and magnetic fabrics study reveal a week Cenozoic tectonic compressive deformation occurred in the northern Longmenshan front belt, which changed the older structures formed during the Late Triassic. So the front belt of the Northern Longmenshan exhibits a double-layer structural style characterized by shallow thrust structures of early deformation and deep blind ones of Cenozoic. The Kuangshanliang and Tianjingshan present a duplex which comprises of a shallow fault-bend fold of late Triassic and a deep blind stacking anticline imbricated by several thrust sheets of Cenozoic. And Qinglinkou and Zhongba shows a shallow imbricate structure of late Triassic and a blind fault-bend fold or fault-propagation fold which may be created or altered in the Cenozoic. The Cenozoic deformation intensity becomes much weaker from the north to south and results in the smaller displacement and structural uplift of the thrust folds. Magnetic fabrics study in the Jurassic and Cretaceous also illustrate the degressive distribution of the week Cenozoic deformation of the Northern Longmenshan front belt from the north to south, where the sedimentary magnetic fabric changes to initial deformation magnetic fabric and finally to pencil-shaped magnetic fabric from the Sichuan basin to thrust belt and initial deformation magnetic fabrics to pencil-shaped magnetic fabrics from the south to north along the northern frontier Longmenshan belt.
引文
陈竹新,贾东,张惬,魏国齐,李本亮,魏东涛,沈扬.2005a.龙门山前陆褶皱冲断带的平衡剖面分析.地质学报,79(1):38~45.
陈竹新,贾东,魏国齐,李本亮,曾庆,胡潜伟.2005b.龙门山北段矿山梁构造解析及其油气勘探.地学前缘,12(4):445~450.
郭正吾,邓康龄,韩永辉.1996.四川盆地形成与演化.北京:地质出版社,48~138.
贾东,陈竹新,贾承造,魏国齐,李本亮,张惬,魏东涛,沈杨.2003.龙门山褶皱冲断带构造解析与川西前陆盆地的发育.高校地质学报,9(3):462~469.
贾东,陈竹新,罗良,胡潜伟,贾秋鹏,李一泉.2007.断层相关褶皱的磁组构与有限应变:川西岷江冲断构造的实例分析.自然科学进展,17(1):31~39.
贾秋鹏,贾东,朱艾斓,陈竹新,胡潜伟,罗良,张元元,李一泉.青藏高原东缘龙门山冲断带与四川盆地的现今构造表现:数字地形和地震活动证据.地质科学,2007,42(1):31~44.
林茂柄,吴山.1991.龙门山推覆构造变形特征.成都地质学院学报,18(1):46~54.
刘和甫,梁慧社,蔡立国,沈飞.1994.川西龙门山冲断系构造样式与前陆盆地演化.地质学报,68(2):100~117.
刘树根,罗志立,戴苏兰,Arne Dennis,Wilson C J L.1995.龙门山冲断带的隆生和川西前陆盆地的沉降.地质学报,9(3):205~213.
卢华复,董火根,邓锡秧,李鹏举,吴葆青,彭德林.1989.前龙门山前陆盆地推覆构造的类型和成因.南京大学学报(地球科学),(4):32~41.
罗良,贾东,陈竹新,胡潜伟,贾秋鹏,李一泉,张元元.2006.川西北磁组构演化及其揭示的应变特征.地质通报,25(11):1342~1348.
四川省地质矿产局.1991.四川省区域地质志.北京:地质出版社.
许志琴,侯立玮,王宗秀.1992.中国松潘~甘孜造山带的造山过程.北京:地质出版社,73~86。
于苏俊.2000.龙门山北段推覆构造的几何特征及应变分析.矿物岩石,20(4):67~74.
Burchfiel B C,Chen Zhiliang,Liu Yuping,Royden L H.1995.Tectonics of the Longmen Shan and adjacent regions,centralChina.International Geology Review,37(8):661~735.
Bureau of geology and mineral resources of Sichuan province.1991.Regional Geology of Sichuan Province.Beijing:GeologicalPublishing House(in Chinese).
Chen Shefa,Wilson CJ L.1996.Emplacement of the Longmen Shanthrust-nappe belt along the eastern margin of the TibetanPlateau.Journal of Structure Geology,18(4):413~430.
Chen Zhuxin,Jia Dong,Zhang Qie,Wei Guoqi,Li Benliang,WeiDongtao,Shen Yang.2005a.Balanced Cross-section Analysis ofthe Fold-Thrust Belt of Longmen Mountains.Acta GeologicaSinica,79(1):38~45.
Chen Zhuxin,Jia Dong,Wei Guoqi,Li Benliang,Zeng Qing,HuQianwei.2005b.Structural analysis of Kuangshanliang in thenorthern Longmenshan fold-thrust belt and its hydrocarbonexploration.Earth Science Frontiers,12(4):445~450.
Eva Enkel mann,Lothar Ratschbacher,Raymond Jonckheere,RalfNestler,Manja Fleischer,Richard Gloaguen,Bradley R.Hacker,Yue Qiao Zhang,Yin-Sheng Ma.2006.Cenozoicexhumation and deformation of northeastern Tibet and theQinling:Is Tibetan lower crustal fl ow diverging around theSichuan Basin?GSA Bulletin,118(5/6):651~671;
Guo Zhengwu,Deng Kangling,Han Yonghui.1996.The Formationand Development of Sichuan Basin.Beijing:GeologicalPublishing House,48~138(in Chinese).
Jia Dong,Chen Zhuxin,Jia Chengzao,Wei Guoqi,Li Benliang,ZhangQie,Wei Dongtao,Shen Yang.2003.Structural features of theLongmen Shan fold and thrust belt and the western Sichuanforeland basin,central China.Geological Journal of ChinaUniversities,9(3):462~469(in Chinese with Englishabstract).
Jia Dong,Chen Zhuxin,Luo Liang,Hu Qianwei,Jia Qiupeng.2007.Magnetic fabrics in fault-related fold and its relation with finitestrain:an example from Mingjiang thrust structures in WesternSichuan.Progressin Natural Science,17(5):551~558.
Jia D,Wei G Q,Chen Z X,Li B L,Zeng Qand Yang G.LongmenShan fold-thrust belt and its relation to the western SichuanBasin in central China:New insights from hydrocarbonexploration.AAPG Bulletin,2006,90(9):1425~1447.
Jia Qiupeng,Jia Dong,Zhu Ailan,Chen Zhuxin,Hu Qianwei,LuoLiang,Zhang Yuanyuan,Li Yiquan.2007.Active tectonics inthe Longmen thrust belt to the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan plateauand Sichuan basin:evidence from topography and seismicity.Chinese Journal of Geology,42(1):31~44.
Lin Maobing,Wu Shan.1991.Deformational features of nappestructures in the Longmenshan mountains.Journal of ChengduCollege of Geology,18(1):46~54(in Chinese with Englishabstract).
Liu Hefu,Liang Huishe,Cai Liguo,Shen Fei.1994.Structuralsystems of The Longmenshan thrust belt and evolution of theforeland basin in western Sichuan province,China.ActaGeologica Sinica,68(2):100~117(in Chinese with Englishabstract).
Liu Shugen,Luo Zhili,Dai Sulan,Arne Dennis,Wilson C J L.1995.The uplift of Longmenshan thrust belt and subsidence of thewestern Sichuan foreland basin.Acta Geologica Sinica,9(3):205~213(in Chinese with English abstract).
Lu Huafu,Dong Huogen,Deng Xiyang,Li Pengju,Wu Baoqing,Pen Delin.1989.Types and origins of the thrusts and nappesinouter Longmenshan foreland basin.1989.Journal of NanjingUniversity(Earth Sciences),(4):32~41(in Chinese withEnglish abstract).
Luo Liang,Jia Dong,Chen Zhuxin,Hu Qianwei,Jia Qiupeng,LiYiquan,Zhang Yuanyuan2006.Magnetic fabric evolution inthe northwestern Sichuan basin,China and its straincharacteristics.Geologcal Bulletin of China,25(11):1342~1348(in Chinese with English abstract).
Suppe J.Geometry and kinematics of fault-bend folding.AmericanJournal of Science,1983,283:684~721.
Suppe J,G Chou,and S Hook.Rates of folding and faultingdetermined from growth strata,in K.R.McClay,ed.,Thrusts Tectonics:London,United Kingdom,Chapman&Hall,1992,p.105~121.
Shankar M.Duplex Structures and I mbricate Thrust System:Geometry,Structural Position,and Hydrocarbon Potential.AAPG Bulletin,1986,70(9):1087~1112.
Saint-Bezar B,Hebert R L,Aubourg C.2002.Magnetic fabric andpetrography investigation of hematite-bearing sandstones withinramp-related folds:examples from the South Atlas Front(Morocco).Journal of Structure Geology,24:1507~1520.
Xu Zhiqin,Hou Li wei,Wang Zongxiu.1992.Orogenic Processes ofthe Songpan-GarzêOrogenic Belt of China.Beijing:GeologicalPublishing House,73~86(in Chinese).
Yu Sujun.2000.Geometrical characteristics and strain analysis ofnappe structures in the northern section of Longmenshan.Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology,20(4):67~74(in Chinesewith English abstract).
陈竹新,贾东,魏国齐,李本亮,曾庆,胡潜伟.2005b.龙门山北段矿山梁构造解析及其油气勘探.地学前缘,12(4):445~450.
郭正吾,邓康龄,韩永辉.1996.四川盆地形成与演化.北京:地质出版社,48~138.
贾东,陈竹新,贾承造,魏国齐,李本亮,张惬,魏东涛,沈杨.2003.龙门山褶皱冲断带构造解析与川西前陆盆地的发育.高校地质学报,9(3):462~469.
贾东,陈竹新,罗良,胡潜伟,贾秋鹏,李一泉.2007.断层相关褶皱的磁组构与有限应变:川西岷江冲断构造的实例分析.自然科学进展,17(1):31~39.
贾秋鹏,贾东,朱艾斓,陈竹新,胡潜伟,罗良,张元元,李一泉.青藏高原东缘龙门山冲断带与四川盆地的现今构造表现:数字地形和地震活动证据.地质科学,2007,42(1):31~44.
林茂柄,吴山.1991.龙门山推覆构造变形特征.成都地质学院学报,18(1):46~54.
刘和甫,梁慧社,蔡立国,沈飞.1994.川西龙门山冲断系构造样式与前陆盆地演化.地质学报,68(2):100~117.
刘树根,罗志立,戴苏兰,Arne Dennis,Wilson C J L.1995.龙门山冲断带的隆生和川西前陆盆地的沉降.地质学报,9(3):205~213.
卢华复,董火根,邓锡秧,李鹏举,吴葆青,彭德林.1989.前龙门山前陆盆地推覆构造的类型和成因.南京大学学报(地球科学),(4):32~41.
罗良,贾东,陈竹新,胡潜伟,贾秋鹏,李一泉,张元元.2006.川西北磁组构演化及其揭示的应变特征.地质通报,25(11):1342~1348.
四川省地质矿产局.1991.四川省区域地质志.北京:地质出版社.
许志琴,侯立玮,王宗秀.1992.中国松潘~甘孜造山带的造山过程.北京:地质出版社,73~86。
于苏俊.2000.龙门山北段推覆构造的几何特征及应变分析.矿物岩石,20(4):67~74.
Burchfiel B C,Chen Zhiliang,Liu Yuping,Royden L H.1995.Tectonics of the Longmen Shan and adjacent regions,centralChina.International Geology Review,37(8):661~735.
Bureau of geology and mineral resources of Sichuan province.1991.Regional Geology of Sichuan Province.Beijing:GeologicalPublishing House(in Chinese).
Chen Shefa,Wilson CJ L.1996.Emplacement of the Longmen Shanthrust-nappe belt along the eastern margin of the TibetanPlateau.Journal of Structure Geology,18(4):413~430.
Chen Zhuxin,Jia Dong,Zhang Qie,Wei Guoqi,Li Benliang,WeiDongtao,Shen Yang.2005a.Balanced Cross-section Analysis ofthe Fold-Thrust Belt of Longmen Mountains.Acta GeologicaSinica,79(1):38~45.
Chen Zhuxin,Jia Dong,Wei Guoqi,Li Benliang,Zeng Qing,HuQianwei.2005b.Structural analysis of Kuangshanliang in thenorthern Longmenshan fold-thrust belt and its hydrocarbonexploration.Earth Science Frontiers,12(4):445~450.
Eva Enkel mann,Lothar Ratschbacher,Raymond Jonckheere,RalfNestler,Manja Fleischer,Richard Gloaguen,Bradley R.Hacker,Yue Qiao Zhang,Yin-Sheng Ma.2006.Cenozoicexhumation and deformation of northeastern Tibet and theQinling:Is Tibetan lower crustal fl ow diverging around theSichuan Basin?GSA Bulletin,118(5/6):651~671;
Guo Zhengwu,Deng Kangling,Han Yonghui.1996.The Formationand Development of Sichuan Basin.Beijing:GeologicalPublishing House,48~138(in Chinese).
Jia Dong,Chen Zhuxin,Jia Chengzao,Wei Guoqi,Li Benliang,ZhangQie,Wei Dongtao,Shen Yang.2003.Structural features of theLongmen Shan fold and thrust belt and the western Sichuanforeland basin,central China.Geological Journal of ChinaUniversities,9(3):462~469(in Chinese with Englishabstract).
Jia Dong,Chen Zhuxin,Luo Liang,Hu Qianwei,Jia Qiupeng.2007.Magnetic fabrics in fault-related fold and its relation with finitestrain:an example from Mingjiang thrust structures in WesternSichuan.Progressin Natural Science,17(5):551~558.
Jia D,Wei G Q,Chen Z X,Li B L,Zeng Qand Yang G.LongmenShan fold-thrust belt and its relation to the western SichuanBasin in central China:New insights from hydrocarbonexploration.AAPG Bulletin,2006,90(9):1425~1447.
Jia Qiupeng,Jia Dong,Zhu Ailan,Chen Zhuxin,Hu Qianwei,LuoLiang,Zhang Yuanyuan,Li Yiquan.2007.Active tectonics inthe Longmen thrust belt to the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan plateauand Sichuan basin:evidence from topography and seismicity.Chinese Journal of Geology,42(1):31~44.
Lin Maobing,Wu Shan.1991.Deformational features of nappestructures in the Longmenshan mountains.Journal of ChengduCollege of Geology,18(1):46~54(in Chinese with Englishabstract).
Liu Hefu,Liang Huishe,Cai Liguo,Shen Fei.1994.Structuralsystems of The Longmenshan thrust belt and evolution of theforeland basin in western Sichuan province,China.ActaGeologica Sinica,68(2):100~117(in Chinese with Englishabstract).
Liu Shugen,Luo Zhili,Dai Sulan,Arne Dennis,Wilson C J L.1995.The uplift of Longmenshan thrust belt and subsidence of thewestern Sichuan foreland basin.Acta Geologica Sinica,9(3):205~213(in Chinese with English abstract).
Lu Huafu,Dong Huogen,Deng Xiyang,Li Pengju,Wu Baoqing,Pen Delin.1989.Types and origins of the thrusts and nappesinouter Longmenshan foreland basin.1989.Journal of NanjingUniversity(Earth Sciences),(4):32~41(in Chinese withEnglish abstract).
Luo Liang,Jia Dong,Chen Zhuxin,Hu Qianwei,Jia Qiupeng,LiYiquan,Zhang Yuanyuan2006.Magnetic fabric evolution inthe northwestern Sichuan basin,China and its straincharacteristics.Geologcal Bulletin of China,25(11):1342~1348(in Chinese with English abstract).
Suppe J.Geometry and kinematics of fault-bend folding.AmericanJournal of Science,1983,283:684~721.
Suppe J,G Chou,and S Hook.Rates of folding and faultingdetermined from growth strata,in K.R.McClay,ed.,Thrusts Tectonics:London,United Kingdom,Chapman&Hall,1992,p.105~121.
Shankar M.Duplex Structures and I mbricate Thrust System:Geometry,Structural Position,and Hydrocarbon Potential.AAPG Bulletin,1986,70(9):1087~1112.
Saint-Bezar B,Hebert R L,Aubourg C.2002.Magnetic fabric andpetrography investigation of hematite-bearing sandstones withinramp-related folds:examples from the South Atlas Front(Morocco).Journal of Structure Geology,24:1507~1520.
Xu Zhiqin,Hou Li wei,Wang Zongxiu.1992.Orogenic Processes ofthe Songpan-GarzêOrogenic Belt of China.Beijing:GeologicalPublishing House,73~86(in Chinese).
Yu Sujun.2000.Geometrical characteristics and strain analysis ofnappe structures in the northern section of Longmenshan.Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology,20(4):67~74(in Chinesewith English abstract).
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