塔里木盆地西部色力布亚断裂和康西断裂的主要特征及活动时代
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摘要
塔里木盆地西部麦盖提斜坡和巴楚断隆两大构造单元的分界线的西段,原称色力布亚断裂带,呈北北西—南南东向展布,长约120km。本文基于系统的地震剖面解释,认为该断裂带内包括了切割深度、倾向和活动时代等均有不同的两条断裂,西部仍称色力布亚断裂,东部由本文新命名为康西断裂。前者是基底卷入型冲断层,由不同级别的背冲构造与主干断裂构成复杂的断裂带,向南东变窄;主干断裂向北东倾,中新世活动,背冲断层在上新世仍有活动。康西断裂是盖层滑脱型冲断层,向南西倾,加里东期活动,之后长期稳定,更新世复活。区域上,色力布亚断裂属巴楚北北西向断裂系,康西断裂属塔中北西向断裂系。这些新认识可能成为麦盖提斜坡区油气勘探的新思路。
The western segment of boundary fracture between the Markit Slop and the Bachu Fault-Uplift in the western Tarim Basin was once called the Serikbuya fracture zone. Based on a systematic analyses of seismic profiles, the paper thought that the Serikbuya fracture zone included, actually, two faults with obviously different dissected depth, dipping and active age. The western sector of the fracture zone was still named the Serikbuya fault, which was a basement-involved fault, composed of a series of lower-order back-thrusts and became narrower southeastwards. The major Serikbuya fault dipped to the northeast and activated in Miocene, with some branch back-thrusts activating in Pliocene. The eastern sector of the fracture zone was renamed the Kangxi fault by the paper, which was a fault of superficial detachment. The Kangxi fault, dipped to the southwest and activated in the Caledonian movement, which rejuvenated in Pleistocene after a long-term stabilization. Regionally, the Serikbuya fault attached to the Bachu NNW-striking fracture system which created in Miocene and stretched northwards into the Kalpin area(the South Tianshan Cenozoic intracontinental orogen), while the Kangxi fault attached to the Tazhong(central Tarim) NW-striking fracture system which created in the Caledonian orogeny. The recent study demonstrated that the Central Tarim Lower Uplift was a multiple oil-gas accumulation play, so the new understanding for the former Serikbuya fracture zone might support a new thinking for oil-gas exploration in the Markit Slop. The obduction of the Bachu Fault-Uplift along the Serikbuya fault resulted in the Paleozoic and Eogene of the Markit Slop area deepend buried further, and the thick mudstone and siltstone of Pleistocene was a good capping bed for oil-gas. To analyse the role of Serikbuya fault both in early stage of petroleum accumulation and later stage of gas-filling adjustment, the oil-gas exploration in the Markit Slop area should have a new breakthrough in near future.
The western segment of boundary fracture between the Markit Slop and the Bachu Fault-Uplift in the western Tarim Basin was once called the Serikbuya fracture zone. Based on a systematic analyses of seismic profiles, the paper thought that the Serikbuya fracture zone included, actually, two faults with obviously different dissected depth, dipping and active age. The western sector of the fracture zone was still named the Serikbuya fault, which was a basement-involved fault, composed of a series of lower-order back-thrusts and became narrower southeastwards. The major Serikbuya fault dipped to the northeast and activated in Miocene, with some branch back-thrusts activating in Pliocene. The eastern sector of the fracture zone was renamed the Kangxi fault by the paper, which was a fault of superficial detachment. The Kangxi fault, dipped to the southwest and activated in the Caledonian movement, which rejuvenated in Pleistocene after a long-term stabilization. Regionally, the Serikbuya fault attached to the Bachu NNW-striking fracture system which created in Miocene and stretched northwards into the Kalpin area(the South Tianshan Cenozoic intracontinental orogen), while the Kangxi fault attached to the Tazhong(central Tarim) NW-striking fracture system which created in the Caledonian orogeny. The recent study demonstrated that the Central Tarim Lower Uplift was a multiple oil-gas accumulation play, so the new understanding for the former Serikbuya fracture zone might support a new thinking for oil-gas exploration in the Markit Slop. The obduction of the Bachu Fault-Uplift along the Serikbuya fault resulted in the Paleozoic and Eogene of the Markit Slop area deepend buried further, and the thick mudstone and siltstone of Pleistocene was a good capping bed for oil-gas. To analyse the role of Serikbuya fault both in early stage of petroleum accumulation and later stage of gas-filling adjustment, the oil-gas exploration in the Markit Slop area should have a new breakthrough in near future.
引文
管树巍,李本亮,何登发,汪新,Suppe J.2007.复杂构造解析中的几何学方法与应用.地质科学,42(4):722—739.Guan Shuwei,Li Benliang,He Dengfa,Wang Xin and Suppe J.2007.Geometrical methods of complicated structural analysisand their application.Chinese Jour.Geol.,42(4):722—739.
金文正,汤良杰,王清华,万桂梅,杨文静,余一欣,彭更新.2007.新疆库车盆地东秋里塔格构造带新生代的构造演化.地质科学,42(3):444—454.Jin Wenzheng,Tang Liangjie,Wang Qinghua,Wan Guimei,Yang Wenjing,Yu Yixin and Peng Gengxin.2007.Cenozoictectonic evolution of the eastern Qiulitag structural belt,Kuqa foreland basin in Xinjiang.Chinese Jour.Geol.,42(3):444—454.
李向东,王克卓.2000.中国西天山南缘盆山构造转换解释.新疆地质,18(3):211—219.Li Xiangdong and Wang Kezhuo.2000.On orogenic to basinal tectonic transfer along the southern margin of west Tianshanmountains,China.Xinjiang Geology,18(3):211—219.
李曰俊,宋文杰,买光荣,周黎霞,胡剑风,尚新路.2001.库车前陆盆地与南天山造山带的耦合关系.新疆石油地质,22(5):376—381.Li Yuejun,Song Wenjie,Mai Guangrong,Zhou Lixia,Hu Jianfeng and Shang Xinlu.2001.Characteristics of Kuqa andNorthern Tarim foreland basins and their coupling relation to South Tianshan orogeny.XinjiangPetroleum Geology,22(5):376—381.
李曰俊,吴根耀,孟庆龙,杨海军,韩剑发,李新生,董立胜.2008.塔里木盆地中央地区的断裂系统:几何学、运动学和动力学背景.地质科学,43(1):82—118.Li Yuejun,Wu Genyao,Meng Qinglong,Yang Haijun,Han Jianfa,Li Xinsheng and Dong Lisheng.2008.Fault systems incentral area of the Tarim Basin:geometry,kinematics and dynamic settings.Chinese Jour.Geol.,43(1):82—118.
刘志宏,卢华复,李西建,贾承造,雷刚林,陈楚铭,王国强,范湘涛.2000.库车再生前陆盆地的构造演化.地质科学,35(4):482—492.Liu Zhihong,Lu Huafu,Li Xijian,Jia Chengzao,Lei Ganglin,Chen Chuming,Wang Guoqiang and Fan Xiangtao.2000.Tectonic evolution of Kuqa rejuvenated foreland basin.Chinese Jour.Geol.(formerly,Scientia Geologica Sinica),35(4):482—492.
吕修祥,严俊君.1996.塔里木盆地西北缘柯坪地区油气前景.沉积学报,14(3):30—37.LXiuxiang and Yan Junjun.1996.Hydrocarbon prospects of Kalpin aera on the northwestern margin of Tarim Basin.Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,14(3):30—37.
苗继军,贾承造,侯向辉,王招明,邹才能,汤良杰,宋玉斌.2007.塔里木盆地西部喀什地区新生代褶皱冲断带构造解析.地质科学,42(4):740—752.Miao Jijun,Jia Chengzao,Hou Xianghui,Wang Zhaoming,Zou Caineng,Tang Liangjie and Song Yubin.2007.Structural a-nalysis on Cenozoic fold-and-thrust belt in Kashi area,western Tarim Basin.Chinese Jour.Geol.,42(4):740—752.
钱玲,卢玉红,黄龙藏,胡文革,张秋茶,汪海,何芬贤.2007.塔里木盆地喀什凹陷克拉托天然气来源分析及聚气特征.地质科学,42(2):253—266.Qian Ling,Lu Yuhong,Huang Longcang,Hu Wenge,Zhang Qiucha,Wang Hai and He Fenxian.2007.Source and gather-ing features of Kelatuo natural gas in the Kashi Sag,Tarim Basin.Chinese Jour.Geol.,42(2):253—266.
孙龙德,李曰俊.2004.塔里木盆地轮南低凸起——一个复式油气聚集区.地质科学,39(2):296—304.Sun Longde and Li Yuejun.2004.The Lunnan Lower Uplift:A multiple oil-gas accumulation play in the Tarim Basin,NWChina.Chinese Jour.Geol.,39(2):296—304.
孙龙德,李曰俊,江同文,杨海军.2007.塔里木盆地塔中低凸起——一个典型的复式油气聚集区.地质科学,42(3):602—620.Sun Longde,Li Yuejun,Jiang Tongwen and Yang Haijun.2007.The Central Tarim Lower Uplift:a composite hydrocarbonaccumulation play in Tarim Basin,NW China.Chinese Jour.Geol.,42(3):602—620.
汪新,贾承造,杨树锋.2002.南天山库车褶皱冲断带构造几何学和运动学.地质科学,37(3):372—384.Wang Xin,Jia Chengzao and Yang Shufeng.2002.Geometry and kinematics of the Kuqa fold-and-thrust belt in the southernTianshan.Chinese Jour.Geol.,37(3):372—384.
伍致中,陈文利.2000.塔里木盆地西南地区地震地质层序的再认识.新疆石油地质,21(3):197—200.Wu Zhizhong and Chen Wenli.2000.Re-understanding of seismic geologic sequence in southwestern area of Tarim Basin,China.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,21(3):197—200.
肖安成,杨树锋,王清华,陈汉林,谢会文,李曰俊.2002.塔里木盆地巴楚—柯坪地区南北向断裂系统的空间对应性研究.地质科学,37(增刊):64—72.Xiao Ancheng,Yang Shufeng,Wang Qinghua,Chen Hanlin,Xie Huiwen and Li Yuejun.2002.Corresponding relation of S-N-striking fault systems in tne Bachu-Kalpin area,Tarim Basin.Chinese Jour.Geol.,37(Suppl.):64—72.
肖安成,杨树锋,李曰俊,王清华,陈汉林,程晓敢.2005.塔里木盆地巴楚隆起断裂系统主要形成时代的新认识.地质科学,40(2):291—302.Xiao Ancheng,Yang Shufeng,Li Yuejun,Wang Qinghua,Chen Hanlin and Cheng Xiaogan.2005.Main period for creationof fracture system in the Bachu Uplift,Tarim Basin.Chinese Jour.Geol.,40(2):291—302.
杨海军,李曰俊,冯晓军,郑民,张春莲,赵岩.2007a.塔里木盆地玛扎塔格构造带断裂构造分析.地质科学,42(3):506—517.Yang Haijun,Li Yuejun,Feng Xiaojun,Zhen Min,Zhang Chunlian and Zhao Yan.2007a.Analysis on thrustings of theMazhatage structural belt in the Tarim Basin.Chinese Jour.Geol.,42(3):506—517.
杨海军,郝芳,韩剑发,蔡忠贤,顾乔元.2007b.塔里木盆地轮南低凸起断裂系统与复式油气聚集.地质科学,42(4):795—811.Yang Haijun,Hao Fang,Han Jianfa,Cai Zhongxian and Gu Qiaoyuan.2007b.Fault systems and multiple oil-gas accumula-tion play of the Lunnan Lower Uplift,Tarim Basin.Chinese Jour.Geol.,42(4):795—811.
赵靖舟,李启明.2001.塔里木盆地含油气系统特征与划分.新疆石油地质,22(5):393—396.Zhao Jingzhou and Li Qiming.2001.Characteristics and classification of petroleumsystems in TarimBasin.XinjiangPetroleumGeology,22(5):393—396.
郑民,雷刚林,黄少英,吴超,罗慎超,李曰俊.2007.南天山西段南缘断裂构造特征及对乌什凹陷发育的控制.地质科学,42(4):639—655.Zheng Min,Lei Ganglin,Huang Shaoying,Wu Chao,Luo Shenchao and Li Yuejun.2007.Features of fault structure insouthern margin of west segment of the South Tianshan,and its control to evolution of the Wushi Sag.Chinese Jour.Geol.,42(4):639—655.
郑显华.1995.塔里木盆地西部巴楚—麦盖提地区石油地质特征及勘探建议.石油实验地质,17(2):114—120.Zheng Xianhua.1995.Petroleum geological characteristics and exploration proposals to Bachu-Maigaiti area of the west TarimBasin.Experimental Petroleum Geology,17(2):114—120.
金文正,汤良杰,王清华,万桂梅,杨文静,余一欣,彭更新.2007.新疆库车盆地东秋里塔格构造带新生代的构造演化.地质科学,42(3):444—454.Jin Wenzheng,Tang Liangjie,Wang Qinghua,Wan Guimei,Yang Wenjing,Yu Yixin and Peng Gengxin.2007.Cenozoictectonic evolution of the eastern Qiulitag structural belt,Kuqa foreland basin in Xinjiang.Chinese Jour.Geol.,42(3):444—454.
李向东,王克卓.2000.中国西天山南缘盆山构造转换解释.新疆地质,18(3):211—219.Li Xiangdong and Wang Kezhuo.2000.On orogenic to basinal tectonic transfer along the southern margin of west Tianshanmountains,China.Xinjiang Geology,18(3):211—219.
李曰俊,宋文杰,买光荣,周黎霞,胡剑风,尚新路.2001.库车前陆盆地与南天山造山带的耦合关系.新疆石油地质,22(5):376—381.Li Yuejun,Song Wenjie,Mai Guangrong,Zhou Lixia,Hu Jianfeng and Shang Xinlu.2001.Characteristics of Kuqa andNorthern Tarim foreland basins and their coupling relation to South Tianshan orogeny.XinjiangPetroleum Geology,22(5):376—381.
李曰俊,吴根耀,孟庆龙,杨海军,韩剑发,李新生,董立胜.2008.塔里木盆地中央地区的断裂系统:几何学、运动学和动力学背景.地质科学,43(1):82—118.Li Yuejun,Wu Genyao,Meng Qinglong,Yang Haijun,Han Jianfa,Li Xinsheng and Dong Lisheng.2008.Fault systems incentral area of the Tarim Basin:geometry,kinematics and dynamic settings.Chinese Jour.Geol.,43(1):82—118.
刘志宏,卢华复,李西建,贾承造,雷刚林,陈楚铭,王国强,范湘涛.2000.库车再生前陆盆地的构造演化.地质科学,35(4):482—492.Liu Zhihong,Lu Huafu,Li Xijian,Jia Chengzao,Lei Ganglin,Chen Chuming,Wang Guoqiang and Fan Xiangtao.2000.Tectonic evolution of Kuqa rejuvenated foreland basin.Chinese Jour.Geol.(formerly,Scientia Geologica Sinica),35(4):482—492.
吕修祥,严俊君.1996.塔里木盆地西北缘柯坪地区油气前景.沉积学报,14(3):30—37.LXiuxiang and Yan Junjun.1996.Hydrocarbon prospects of Kalpin aera on the northwestern margin of Tarim Basin.Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,14(3):30—37.
苗继军,贾承造,侯向辉,王招明,邹才能,汤良杰,宋玉斌.2007.塔里木盆地西部喀什地区新生代褶皱冲断带构造解析.地质科学,42(4):740—752.Miao Jijun,Jia Chengzao,Hou Xianghui,Wang Zhaoming,Zou Caineng,Tang Liangjie and Song Yubin.2007.Structural a-nalysis on Cenozoic fold-and-thrust belt in Kashi area,western Tarim Basin.Chinese Jour.Geol.,42(4):740—752.
钱玲,卢玉红,黄龙藏,胡文革,张秋茶,汪海,何芬贤.2007.塔里木盆地喀什凹陷克拉托天然气来源分析及聚气特征.地质科学,42(2):253—266.Qian Ling,Lu Yuhong,Huang Longcang,Hu Wenge,Zhang Qiucha,Wang Hai and He Fenxian.2007.Source and gather-ing features of Kelatuo natural gas in the Kashi Sag,Tarim Basin.Chinese Jour.Geol.,42(2):253—266.
孙龙德,李曰俊.2004.塔里木盆地轮南低凸起——一个复式油气聚集区.地质科学,39(2):296—304.Sun Longde and Li Yuejun.2004.The Lunnan Lower Uplift:A multiple oil-gas accumulation play in the Tarim Basin,NWChina.Chinese Jour.Geol.,39(2):296—304.
孙龙德,李曰俊,江同文,杨海军.2007.塔里木盆地塔中低凸起——一个典型的复式油气聚集区.地质科学,42(3):602—620.Sun Longde,Li Yuejun,Jiang Tongwen and Yang Haijun.2007.The Central Tarim Lower Uplift:a composite hydrocarbonaccumulation play in Tarim Basin,NW China.Chinese Jour.Geol.,42(3):602—620.
汪新,贾承造,杨树锋.2002.南天山库车褶皱冲断带构造几何学和运动学.地质科学,37(3):372—384.Wang Xin,Jia Chengzao and Yang Shufeng.2002.Geometry and kinematics of the Kuqa fold-and-thrust belt in the southernTianshan.Chinese Jour.Geol.,37(3):372—384.
伍致中,陈文利.2000.塔里木盆地西南地区地震地质层序的再认识.新疆石油地质,21(3):197—200.Wu Zhizhong and Chen Wenli.2000.Re-understanding of seismic geologic sequence in southwestern area of Tarim Basin,China.Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,21(3):197—200.
肖安成,杨树锋,王清华,陈汉林,谢会文,李曰俊.2002.塔里木盆地巴楚—柯坪地区南北向断裂系统的空间对应性研究.地质科学,37(增刊):64—72.Xiao Ancheng,Yang Shufeng,Wang Qinghua,Chen Hanlin,Xie Huiwen and Li Yuejun.2002.Corresponding relation of S-N-striking fault systems in tne Bachu-Kalpin area,Tarim Basin.Chinese Jour.Geol.,37(Suppl.):64—72.
肖安成,杨树锋,李曰俊,王清华,陈汉林,程晓敢.2005.塔里木盆地巴楚隆起断裂系统主要形成时代的新认识.地质科学,40(2):291—302.Xiao Ancheng,Yang Shufeng,Li Yuejun,Wang Qinghua,Chen Hanlin and Cheng Xiaogan.2005.Main period for creationof fracture system in the Bachu Uplift,Tarim Basin.Chinese Jour.Geol.,40(2):291—302.
杨海军,李曰俊,冯晓军,郑民,张春莲,赵岩.2007a.塔里木盆地玛扎塔格构造带断裂构造分析.地质科学,42(3):506—517.Yang Haijun,Li Yuejun,Feng Xiaojun,Zhen Min,Zhang Chunlian and Zhao Yan.2007a.Analysis on thrustings of theMazhatage structural belt in the Tarim Basin.Chinese Jour.Geol.,42(3):506—517.
杨海军,郝芳,韩剑发,蔡忠贤,顾乔元.2007b.塔里木盆地轮南低凸起断裂系统与复式油气聚集.地质科学,42(4):795—811.Yang Haijun,Hao Fang,Han Jianfa,Cai Zhongxian and Gu Qiaoyuan.2007b.Fault systems and multiple oil-gas accumula-tion play of the Lunnan Lower Uplift,Tarim Basin.Chinese Jour.Geol.,42(4):795—811.
赵靖舟,李启明.2001.塔里木盆地含油气系统特征与划分.新疆石油地质,22(5):393—396.Zhao Jingzhou and Li Qiming.2001.Characteristics and classification of petroleumsystems in TarimBasin.XinjiangPetroleumGeology,22(5):393—396.
郑民,雷刚林,黄少英,吴超,罗慎超,李曰俊.2007.南天山西段南缘断裂构造特征及对乌什凹陷发育的控制.地质科学,42(4):639—655.Zheng Min,Lei Ganglin,Huang Shaoying,Wu Chao,Luo Shenchao and Li Yuejun.2007.Features of fault structure insouthern margin of west segment of the South Tianshan,and its control to evolution of the Wushi Sag.Chinese Jour.Geol.,42(4):639—655.
郑显华.1995.塔里木盆地西部巴楚—麦盖提地区石油地质特征及勘探建议.石油实验地质,17(2):114—120.Zheng Xianhua.1995.Petroleum geological characteristics and exploration proposals to Bachu-Maigaiti area of the west TarimBasin.Experimental Petroleum Geology,17(2):114—120.
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