珠江三角洲地区新构造运动
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摘要
概述了珠江三角洲地区新构造运动的基本特征 :晚第三纪以来的构造运动经历了由强逐渐减弱 ,晚更新世 (约 5 0～ 30KaB .P)又重新增强的演变。重点估算了晚第四纪珠江三角洲断块垂直构造运动速率 ,定量分析了分割断块的断裂构造的活动性。认为斗门断块区和广州 -番禺断块区这两个次级断块构造以及围限它们的广州 -从化断裂、三水 -罗浮山断裂、西江断裂、白坭 -沙湾断裂的活动性相对较强。从区域地震构造而言 ,珠江三角洲新构造运动远弱于日本 -琉球 -台湾岛弧 ,也弱于粤东潮汕和桂东南灵山等强震危险区。但由于其震源浅及松软土层较厚 ,加上本区经济发达 ,人口稠密 ,因此地震造成的破坏和损失仍不可低估 ,必须加强抗震减灾工作。
The features of neotectonic movement in the Pearl River Delta Area may be summarized as follows: since Late Tertiary the movement gradually became weak and since Epileistocene (50-30Ka B.p) again became strong. The rate of the vertical motion of Pearl River delta area during Late Quaternary has been estimated and the fault tectonic active characteristics of cut those fault blocks has been discussed rationally. The results have indicated that activity of the Dolmen fault block and the Guano Thou -Pan you fault block are relatively stronger and that activity of cut fault blocks fault zones (the Guangzhou-Conghua fault, the Sanshui-Luofushan fault, the Xijiang fault, the Baini-Shawan fault) are relatively stronger too. Based on comparison of regional seismotectonic background,neotectonic movement in Pearl River delta area is far lower than the Japan-Riukiu-Taiwan island arc and lower than some strong earthquake areas such as the Chaoshan region of eastern Guangdong, the Lingshan region of south eastern Guangxi, too. We must be paid great attention to works of anti-earthquakes and lighten earthquake damages, because the earthquake focal were shallow, soft soil layers were thicker and Pearl River Delta Area is located the area of economic centre of South China and densely populated area.
The features of neotectonic movement in the Pearl River Delta Area may be summarized as follows: since Late Tertiary the movement gradually became weak and since Epileistocene (50-30Ka B.p) again became strong. The rate of the vertical motion of Pearl River delta area during Late Quaternary has been estimated and the fault tectonic active characteristics of cut those fault blocks has been discussed rationally. The results have indicated that activity of the Dolmen fault block and the Guano Thou -Pan you fault block are relatively stronger and that activity of cut fault blocks fault zones (the Guangzhou-Conghua fault, the Sanshui-Luofushan fault, the Xijiang fault, the Baini-Shawan fault) are relatively stronger too. Based on comparison of regional seismotectonic background,neotectonic movement in Pearl River delta area is far lower than the Japan-Riukiu-Taiwan island arc and lower than some strong earthquake areas such as the Chaoshan region of eastern Guangdong, the Lingshan region of south eastern Guangxi, too. We must be paid great attention to works of anti-earthquakes and lighten earthquake damages, because the earthquake focal were shallow, soft soil layers were thicker and Pearl River Delta Area is located the area of economic centre of South China and densely populated area.
引文
①分别引自广东省地震局、广州地理研究所、地矿部第二海洋地质大队所发表的资料。
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[2]黄镇国,李平日,张仲英,等.珠江三角洲形成、发育、演变[M].广州:科普出版社广州分社,1982,47-98.
[3]陈国能,张 珂,陈华富,等.珠江三角洲断裂构造最新活动性研究[J].华南地震,1995,15(3):16-21.
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[12]黄镇国,李平日,张仲英,等.华南晚更新世以来海平面变化[A].中国海平面变化[M].北京:海洋出版社,1986.178-194.
[13]李平日,乔彭年,郑洪汉,等.珠江三角洲一万年来环境演变[M].北京:海洋出版社,1991,59-67.
[14]刘尚仁.论晚更新世中国海的高海面高度[J].热带地理,1998,19(2):1-7.
[15]徐起浩,黄镇国.东南沿海末次盛冰期古海平面标志与地震关系;-100m以下最低海平面问题的质疑[J].地震地质,1995,17(2):149-157.
[16]李春初.对地质构造因素影响珠江三角洲形成问题的商榷[J].热带地理,1988,8(2):10-16.
[17]刘尚仁.晚更新世以来北江和西江阶地地壳运动及其生产利用[J].中山大学学报,1984,4:135-142.
[18]张虎男,郭钦华,陈伟光,等.西江断裂磨刀门段近期活动性研究[J].华南地震,1990,10(1):15-26.
[1]杨在兹.从地壳深部构造探讨珠江三角洲的形成[J].热带地理,1983,3(4):41-47.
[2]黄镇国,李平日,张仲英,等.珠江三角洲形成、发育、演变[M].广州:科普出版社广州分社,1982,47-98.
[3]陈国能,张 珂,陈华富,等.珠江三角洲断裂构造最新活动性研究[J].华南地震,1995,15(3):16-21.
[4]赵希涛.中国海岸演变研究[M].福州:福建科技出版社,1984,159-177.
[5]汪成民,李宣瑚,魏柏林.断层气测量在地震科学中的应用[M].北京:地震出版社,1991.
[6]陈伟光,张虎男,张福来.珠江三角洲地区新构造运动的年代学研究[J].地震地质,1991,13(2):213-219.
[7]潘建雄,黄日恒,陈定国,等.广东三灶岛发现史前大地震[J].南海研究与开发,1994,2:45-50.
[8]魏柏林,薛佳谋,李富光,等.从测量土壤中的气汞量来研究活动断层[J].地震地质,1988,10(2):88-92.
[9]魏柏林,黄河生,陈庞龙,等.应用化探方法研究断层活动性及发震构造[J].华南地震,1998,18(4):50-58.
[10]陈伟光,赵红梅,李富光,等.深圳市断裂构造的活动性及其对地质环境的影响[J].热带地理,2001,21(1):45-50.
[11]黄镇国,张伟强,许世远,等.中国日本全新世演变对比研究[M].广州:广东科技出版社,2002.
[12]黄镇国,李平日,张仲英,等.华南晚更新世以来海平面变化[A].中国海平面变化[M].北京:海洋出版社,1986.178-194.
[13]李平日,乔彭年,郑洪汉,等.珠江三角洲一万年来环境演变[M].北京:海洋出版社,1991,59-67.
[14]刘尚仁.论晚更新世中国海的高海面高度[J].热带地理,1998,19(2):1-7.
[15]徐起浩,黄镇国.东南沿海末次盛冰期古海平面标志与地震关系;-100m以下最低海平面问题的质疑[J].地震地质,1995,17(2):149-157.
[16]李春初.对地质构造因素影响珠江三角洲形成问题的商榷[J].热带地理,1988,8(2):10-16.
[17]刘尚仁.晚更新世以来北江和西江阶地地壳运动及其生产利用[J].中山大学学报,1984,4:135-142.
[18]张虎男,郭钦华,陈伟光,等.西江断裂磨刀门段近期活动性研究[J].华南地震,1990,10(1):15-26.
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