环渤海地区前新生代油气资源的综合地质、地球物理研究
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摘要
本文介绍了中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目"环渤海(湾)地区前新生代海相油气资源研究"的综合地质地球物理研究思路和取得的一些认识.环渤海地区前新生代油气的探测目标以古潜山油气藏为主,主要存在拉张、挤压、走滑、负反转与重力滑动等五种构造样式,不同地区的构造样式及其组合特点并不相同.利用重磁数据结合其它地质地球物理资料圈绘出研究区前新生界残留盆地和残余厚度的宏观分布.研究区中生界(包括上古生界)残余厚度存在两条增厚带,厚度超过5 km.其他为一些特点不一的增厚中心.渤中地区为残余厚度的缺失区,向四周残余厚度逐渐加大.下古生界(包括部分元古界)残余厚度的增厚中心多数成块、带状分布,很多地区已遭受剥蚀.这些残余厚度的增厚中心往往与前新生代油气藏的位置吻合较好.本文介绍了地震三维高精度叠加技术和最佳偏移孔径技术等方法在前新生代残留盆地油气研究中的发展,提高了古潜山地区地震资料的信噪比和分辨率,保证三维叠前偏移的振幅保真.在储层预测研究方面,本文在储层多种参数提取的基础上,实现了反假频储层预测方法.它主要应用于研究区中深层低渗透油藏裂缝密集带研究,实例表明其厚度预测和预测精度都有明显改善.最后,在钻井、地球物理资料基础上,结合研究区石油地质特征等,给出了环渤海地区8个前新生代油气潜力有利区.
The principal ideas and cognitions of integrated geologic and geophysical research for the Major Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences that is titled "Research of Pre-Cenozoic Hydrocarbon Resources in the Circum-Bohai(Bay) Area" have been introduced.The investigation objects for pre-Cenozoic hydrocarbon in the Circum-Bohai area are focused on Palaeo-burial hill reservoir.There mainly exist 5 tectonic styles,extension,compression,strike slip,negative reversal,and gravity slippage,which show different characteristics and combination patterns in different parts of the area.In combination with other geologic and geophysical data,the gravity and magnetic data was used to delineate the macro distribution of pre-Cenozoic residual basins and residual thickness in the studied area.The results show that the residual thickness of Mesozoic(including upper-Palaeozoic) appears as two thickening zones with a thickness above 5 km,while the others are several different thickening centers.The Bozhong area lacks of residual thickness,around which the thickness increases gradually.The thickening centers of the lower-Palaeozoic residual thickness are in block-or belt-shaped distribution,and have undergone abrasion in many parts of the area.Such thickening centers usually coincide well with the positions of pre-Cenozoic hydrocarbon reservoir.The paper also describes the development of 3-D seismic highaccuracy stacking and optimal migration-aperture techniques in the hydrocarbon research of the pre-Cenozoic residual basins,which have improved the signalto-noise ratio and resolution of seismic data in the Palaeo-burial hill areas, and ensured the amplitude presuring of 3-D pre-stack migration.As to reservoir prediction research,this paper realizes the anti-aliasing prediction method based on the extraction of various reservoir parameters.The method is mainly applied to the study of medium-or deep-seated low-permeability dense fracture belts,and proves distinct improvement in thickness prediction and prediction accuracy with a case study.Finally,8 potential regions of pre-Cenozoic hydrocarbon in Circum-Bohai area with drilling and geophysical data as well as petroleum geologic features are provided.
The principal ideas and cognitions of integrated geologic and geophysical research for the Major Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences that is titled "Research of Pre-Cenozoic Hydrocarbon Resources in the Circum-Bohai(Bay) Area" have been introduced.The investigation objects for pre-Cenozoic hydrocarbon in the Circum-Bohai area are focused on Palaeo-burial hill reservoir.There mainly exist 5 tectonic styles,extension,compression,strike slip,negative reversal,and gravity slippage,which show different characteristics and combination patterns in different parts of the area.In combination with other geologic and geophysical data,the gravity and magnetic data was used to delineate the macro distribution of pre-Cenozoic residual basins and residual thickness in the studied area.The results show that the residual thickness of Mesozoic(including upper-Palaeozoic) appears as two thickening zones with a thickness above 5 km,while the others are several different thickening centers.The Bozhong area lacks of residual thickness,around which the thickness increases gradually.The thickening centers of the lower-Palaeozoic residual thickness are in block-or belt-shaped distribution,and have undergone abrasion in many parts of the area.Such thickening centers usually coincide well with the positions of pre-Cenozoic hydrocarbon reservoir.The paper also describes the development of 3-D seismic highaccuracy stacking and optimal migration-aperture techniques in the hydrocarbon research of the pre-Cenozoic residual basins,which have improved the signalto-noise ratio and resolution of seismic data in the Palaeo-burial hill areas, and ensured the amplitude presuring of 3-D pre-stack migration.As to reservoir prediction research,this paper realizes the anti-aliasing prediction method based on the extraction of various reservoir parameters.The method is mainly applied to the study of medium-or deep-seated low-permeability dense fracture belts,and proves distinct improvement in thickness prediction and prediction accuracy with a case study.Finally,8 potential regions of pre-Cenozoic hydrocarbon in Circum-Bohai area with drilling and geophysical data as well as petroleum geologic features are provided.
引文
[1]刘光鼎,祝靓谊.近期油气勘探地球物理的一些新进展[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(3),363~367.
[2]刘光鼎.祝靓谊,张丽莉.试论复杂地质体的油气地震勘探[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(3):683~686..
[3〗李国玉.海相沉积岩是中国石油工业未来的希望[J].海相油气地质,2005,10(1):5~12.
[4]赵宗举,周新源,范国章.塔里木盆地塔中地区主要构造圈闭形成期分布及成藏意义[J].海相油气地质,2006,11(2):1~8.
[5]李大成.国内外海相油气基本地质特征及下一步研究建议[J].海相油气地质,2005,10(1):23~27.
[6]刘光鼎.试论残留盆地[J].勘探家,1997,2(3):1~4.
[7]刘光鼎.中国大陆构造格架的动力学演化[J].地学前缘,2007,14(3):39~48.
[8]刘光鼎,陈洁.中国前新生代残留盆地油气勘探难点分析及对策[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(2):273~275.
[9]吉治平.渤海残留盆地油气地球物理研究综述[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4),1039~1046.
[10]李春光.论渤海湾盆地深层油气勘探[J].海相油气地质,2005,10(2):17~22.
[11]闫臻,杨长春,李继亮.山东济南和新泰馒头组中浊积岩和滑塌堆积的基本特征及其大地构造意义[J].地质科学,2005,40(4):.
[12]闫臻,杨长春,李继亮.鲁西地区馒头组下部滑塌堆积的地质特征及其意义[J].沉积学报,2005,23(1):.
[13]赵百民,郝天珧,徐亚等.反演磁性地层界面的逐步剥离磁场法[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(2):611~618.
[14]赵百民,郝天珧.反演磁性地质界面的意义与方法[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(2):353~359.
[15]张新兵,王家林,吴健生.混合最优化算法在地球物理学的应用现状与前景[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(2):218~223.
[16]徐亚,郝天珧.提升小波:可用于重磁资料处理的新方法[J].地球物理学进展,2004,19(1):36~39.
[17]徐亚,郝天珧,戴明刚,等.渤海残留盆地分布的综合地球物理研究[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(3):868~881.
[18]谭未一,杨长春,李瑞忠.共反射面元叠加的实现途径和流程[J].地球物理学进展,2004,19(2):325~330.
[19]王绪松,钱雪峰,李波涛.第一菲涅尔带半径与地震资料的横向分辨率[J].勘探地球物理进展,2006,29(4):244~248.
[20]Schleicher J P.Hubral M T,Jaya M S.Minimum aperturesand Fresnel zones in migration and demigration[J].Geophys-ics,1997,62,no.1,183~194.
[21]刘洪,袁江华,陈景波,等.大步长波场深度延拓的理论[J].地球物理学报2006,49(6):1779~1793.
[22]刘洪,王秀闽,曾锐,等.单程波算子积分解的象征表示[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(2):463~471.
[23]Shou H,Liu H,Gao J H.AVO inversion based on commonshot migration[J].Applied Geophysics 2006,3(2):98~104.
[24]曾锐,刘洪,秦月霜等.基于自动增益控制调制法的高频重建技术[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(3):850~859.
[25]刘喜武,刘洪,刘彬.反假频非均匀地震数据重建方法研究[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(2):299~305.
[26]周立宏,李三忠,刘建忠等著.渤海湾盆地前第三系构造演化与潜山油气成藏模式[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,2003.
[27]马永生.四川盆地普光大气田的发现与勘探[J].海相油气地质,2006,11(2):35~40.
[2]刘光鼎.祝靓谊,张丽莉.试论复杂地质体的油气地震勘探[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(3):683~686..
[3〗李国玉.海相沉积岩是中国石油工业未来的希望[J].海相油气地质,2005,10(1):5~12.
[4]赵宗举,周新源,范国章.塔里木盆地塔中地区主要构造圈闭形成期分布及成藏意义[J].海相油气地质,2006,11(2):1~8.
[5]李大成.国内外海相油气基本地质特征及下一步研究建议[J].海相油气地质,2005,10(1):23~27.
[6]刘光鼎.试论残留盆地[J].勘探家,1997,2(3):1~4.
[7]刘光鼎.中国大陆构造格架的动力学演化[J].地学前缘,2007,14(3):39~48.
[8]刘光鼎,陈洁.中国前新生代残留盆地油气勘探难点分析及对策[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(2):273~275.
[9]吉治平.渤海残留盆地油气地球物理研究综述[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(4),1039~1046.
[10]李春光.论渤海湾盆地深层油气勘探[J].海相油气地质,2005,10(2):17~22.
[11]闫臻,杨长春,李继亮.山东济南和新泰馒头组中浊积岩和滑塌堆积的基本特征及其大地构造意义[J].地质科学,2005,40(4):.
[12]闫臻,杨长春,李继亮.鲁西地区馒头组下部滑塌堆积的地质特征及其意义[J].沉积学报,2005,23(1):.
[13]赵百民,郝天珧,徐亚等.反演磁性地层界面的逐步剥离磁场法[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(2):611~618.
[14]赵百民,郝天珧.反演磁性地质界面的意义与方法[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(2):353~359.
[15]张新兵,王家林,吴健生.混合最优化算法在地球物理学的应用现状与前景[J].地球物理学进展,2003,18(2):218~223.
[16]徐亚,郝天珧.提升小波:可用于重磁资料处理的新方法[J].地球物理学进展,2004,19(1):36~39.
[17]徐亚,郝天珧,戴明刚,等.渤海残留盆地分布的综合地球物理研究[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(3):868~881.
[18]谭未一,杨长春,李瑞忠.共反射面元叠加的实现途径和流程[J].地球物理学进展,2004,19(2):325~330.
[19]王绪松,钱雪峰,李波涛.第一菲涅尔带半径与地震资料的横向分辨率[J].勘探地球物理进展,2006,29(4):244~248.
[20]Schleicher J P.Hubral M T,Jaya M S.Minimum aperturesand Fresnel zones in migration and demigration[J].Geophys-ics,1997,62,no.1,183~194.
[21]刘洪,袁江华,陈景波,等.大步长波场深度延拓的理论[J].地球物理学报2006,49(6):1779~1793.
[22]刘洪,王秀闽,曾锐,等.单程波算子积分解的象征表示[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(2):463~471.
[23]Shou H,Liu H,Gao J H.AVO inversion based on commonshot migration[J].Applied Geophysics 2006,3(2):98~104.
[24]曾锐,刘洪,秦月霜等.基于自动增益控制调制法的高频重建技术[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(3):850~859.
[25]刘喜武,刘洪,刘彬.反假频非均匀地震数据重建方法研究[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(2):299~305.
[26]周立宏,李三忠,刘建忠等著.渤海湾盆地前第三系构造演化与潜山油气成藏模式[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,2003.
[27]马永生.四川盆地普光大气田的发现与勘探[J].海相油气地质,2006,11(2):35~40.
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