海洋地球物理探测技术在浅海井场地质灾害调查中的应用
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摘要
随着我国经济的快速发展,对海洋资源的开发利用不断加强,浅海及海岸工程建设日益增多。在施工前,为确保工程安全,前期地质调查至关重要。地球物理探测作为一门综合性较强的探测技术,在海洋工程地质和海洋灾害地质调查中有着不可替代的作用。本文基于浅海油气钻井的需要,在钻井平台就位前,应用测深仪、旁侧声纳仪、浅层剖面仪,单道地震仪4种物探设备,对井场进行了地球物理详查。调查范围为预设井位周围1km~2的海域,共布设了24条地球物理调查测线,对井场的水深、海底地形、海底障碍物、层序结构等基础地质状况进行了探测和收集。调查结果表明:埋藏古河道、凹凸地和沙波等灾害地质因素在本区均有分布,这些地质因素将会导致地层沉积的不均匀性,对未来海上钻井工程的作业有着潜在的影响,在工程设计及实施过程中应给予高度重视。
Pre-geological survey is essentially important to marine engineering constructing and determines the safety of the offshore operation.In this paper,the overall geological information for the aimed area should be obtained before the drilling platform was in position,so as to avoiding the existing geo-hazards while drilling.To address the problem,an integrated marine geological and geophysical survey was carried out by using echo sounding system,side-scan sonar system,sub-bottom profiling system and single channel and seismic streamer.The survey area was around a scheduled site in the South China Sea,at which a certain survey well was designed in advance,and covering an area of about 1km~2.24 geophysical survey lines were de- signed in this survey,including 21 main lines and 3 tie lines.After the data processing and analyzed, some potential geo-hazards,including a lot of sand waves,some patches and a paleoriver, were observed in the survey area.All of them might result in the inhomogeneous sinking of sediments and pose a serious threat to the coming offshore drilling,therefore,it should be paid more attentions on them.
Pre-geological survey is essentially important to marine engineering constructing and determines the safety of the offshore operation.In this paper,the overall geological information for the aimed area should be obtained before the drilling platform was in position,so as to avoiding the existing geo-hazards while drilling.To address the problem,an integrated marine geological and geophysical survey was carried out by using echo sounding system,side-scan sonar system,sub-bottom profiling system and single channel and seismic streamer.The survey area was around a scheduled site in the South China Sea,at which a certain survey well was designed in advance,and covering an area of about 1km~2.24 geophysical survey lines were de- signed in this survey,including 21 main lines and 3 tie lines.After the data processing and analyzed, some potential geo-hazards,including a lot of sand waves,some patches and a paleoriver, were observed in the survey area.All of them might result in the inhomogeneous sinking of sediments and pose a serious threat to the coming offshore drilling,therefore,it should be paid more attentions on them.
引文
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[2]罗深荣.侧扫声纳和多波束测深系统在海洋调查中的综合应用[J].海洋测绘,2003,23(1):22-24
[3]张全胜,辛后勤等.地球物理勘探新方法技术及应用.矿产与地质,2004年04期371-375
[4]魏恒源.浅地层剖面仪在水域工程勘察中的应用[J].华南地震,1996,16(4):73-79
[5]金翔龙.海洋地球物理研究与海底探测声学技术的发展[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(4),1243-1249
[6]A R Talukder,J Bialas,D Klaeschen,D Buerk,W Brueckmann,T Reston,M Breitzke. High-resolution,deep tow,multichannel seismic and sidescan sonar survey of the submarine mounds and associated BSR off Nicaragua pacific margin.Marine Geologv.2007.241.33-43
[7]张金城,蔡爱智,郭一飞等.浅地层剖面仪在海岸工程上的应用[J].海洋工程,1995,13(2):71-74
[8]Berndt C,Buenz S,Clayton T,Mienert J,Saunders M.Seismic character of bottom simulating reflectors:examples from the mid-Norwegian margin.Mar.Petrol.Geol.2004.21,723-733
[9]Breitzke M,Bialas J.A deep-towed multichannel seismic streamer for very High-resolution surveys in full ocean depth.Mar.Seism.2003.21,59-64
[10]MacIntosh K D,Silver E A,Ahmed I,Berhorst A,Ranero C R,Kelly R K,Flueh,E.,The Nicaragua Convergent Margin:seismic reflection imaging of the source of a tsunami earthquake,Costa Rica.In:Moore,J.C.(Ed.),The Seismogenic Zone of Subduction Thrust Faults.Columbia University Press,New York,2006.257-287
[11]李学杰,冯志强等.广东大亚湾海洋地质环境与潜在地质灾害.中国地质,2002,29(3):322-325
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