岩石圈中热压系数的计算
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摘要
如同温度,压力也是决定岩石圈中许多地质作用的主要因素。热压是岩石圈中压力的重要组成部分,热压计算的关键在于热压系数。文中计算岩石圈中主要物质和相态的热压系数,分析影响热压系数的因素及热压存在的条件,并指出岩石圈中热压研究的潜在意义,初步结论如下:(1)岩石圈中的热压系数平均值为3MPa/K左右,其变化范围主要为0.33~9.22MPa/K,主要集中于1.08~4.88MPa/K;(2)岩石圈中的热压系数在物质的相变点处剧增;(3)热压存在的前提是等容体系;(4)岩石圈中热压的存在可造成岩石圈中地压梯度明显增加,相变点处的热压剧增可能导致火山、地震、成矿作用及变质作用等,具有极为重要的地质意义。
In the lithosphere, the pressure, like the temperature, is one of the key factors in controlling various geological processes. The thermal pressure is an important part of the pressure in the lithosphere and its calculation mainly depends on the thermal pressure coefficient. The paper calculates the thermal pressure coefficients of major substances and phases, discusses the factors influencing thermal pressure coefficient and the conditions of creating thermal pressure in the lithosphere, and indicates the significance of studying the geothermal pressure. The conclusions are as follows:(1) The average value of the geothermal pressure coefficients is about 3 MPa/K, and the varying range is from 0.33 to 9.22 MPa/K, mainly between 1.08 and 4.88 MPa/K. (2) The geothermal pressure coefficients grow sharply at phase transition temperatures. (3) The condition of creating thermal pressure is the existence of an iso-volume system. (4) Because of the thermal pressure in the lithosphere, the geo-pressure gradients grow obviously. At phase transition temperatures, the sharp growths of thermal pressure may cause volcano, earthquake, mineralization, metamorphism, etc. and are of great significance to the understanding of the geological processes in the lithosphere.
In the lithosphere, the pressure, like the temperature, is one of the key factors in controlling various geological processes. The thermal pressure is an important part of the pressure in the lithosphere and its calculation mainly depends on the thermal pressure coefficient. The paper calculates the thermal pressure coefficients of major substances and phases, discusses the factors influencing thermal pressure coefficient and the conditions of creating thermal pressure in the lithosphere, and indicates the significance of studying the geothermal pressure. The conclusions are as follows:(1) The average value of the geothermal pressure coefficients is about 3 MPa/K, and the varying range is from 0.33 to 9.22 MPa/K, mainly between 1.08 and 4.88 MPa/K. (2) The geothermal pressure coefficients grow sharply at phase transition temperatures. (3) The condition of creating thermal pressure is the existence of an iso-volume system. (4) Because of the thermal pressure in the lithosphere, the geo-pressure gradients grow obviously. At phase transition temperatures, the sharp growths of thermal pressure may cause volcano, earthquake, mineralization, metamorphism, etc. and are of great significance to the understanding of the geological processes in the lithosphere.
引文
①Raz Urs,Girsperger S,Thompson A B.Thermal expansion,compressibility and volumetric changes of quartz obtained by single crystal dilatometry to700℃and3.5kilobars(0.35GPa).ETH E-Collection,2002.
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[12]Duan Z H,Moller N,Weare J H.Ageneral equation of statefor supercritical fluid mixtures and molecular dynamics si mu-lation of mixture PVTX properties[J].Geochi m Cosmochi m Acta,1996,60:1209-1216.
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[14]He J,Zoller P.The equation of state of water to250and200MPa obtainedforma high pressure dilatometer[J].Reviewof Scientific Instruments,1991,62(5):1304-1308.
[15]Hu B Q,Wang F Z.Four key temperatures related to water in the lithosphere[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2001(3):110(in Chinese).
[16]Yu C W,Cen K,Bao Z Y,et al.Dynamics of the hydrother-mal ore-forming processes[M].Wuhan:China University of Geosciences Press,1993:263-306(in Chinese).
[17]Yu C W.Fractal dilatation of multiple hydraulic fracturing[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2004(1):11-44(in Chinese).
[18]Du L T,Ou G X.Genetic relationship between basin forma-tion,associated mineralization and mantle fluids[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2007(2):215-244(in Chinese).
[19]Yu C W.Complexity of geosystem:basic issues of geologicalscience(Ⅰ)[J].Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences,2002(5):509-519(in Chinese).
[2]胡宝群,王方正,孙占学,等.岩石圈中的地压梯度[J].地学前缘,2003,10(3):129-134.
[10]杜建国,李占维,王翠萍,等.2003年呼和浩特城区流体异常特征及其地震地质意义[J].地震,2004(1):27-33.
[13]胡宝群,王方正.超高压变质作用中水的相变增压[J].地球科学——中国地质大学学报,2001(1):13-18.
[15]胡宝群,王方正.岩石圈中4个与水有关的重要温度[J].地学前缘,2001(3):110.
[16]於崇文,岑况,鲍征宇,等.热液成矿作用动力学[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1993:263-306.
[17]於崇文.多重水力断裂的分形扩张[J].地学前缘,2004(1):11-44.
[18]杜乐天,欧光习.盆地形成及成矿与地幔流体间的成因联系[J].地学前缘,2007(2):215-244.
[19]於崇文.地质系统的复杂性——地质科学的基本问题(Ⅰ)[J].地球科学——中国地质大学学报,2002(5):509-519.
[1]Anderson D L.Theory of the Earth[M].Boston,MA:Blackwell Scientific Publications,1989:81-82,112,356-360.
[2]Hu B Q,Wang F Z,Sun Z X,et al.The pressure gradient in the lithosphere[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2003,10(3):129-134(in Chinese).
[3]Hu B Q,Wang F Z,Sun Z X,et al.Preli minary statistics of temperatures and pressures for formation of eclogites,granu-lites and peridotites in China[J].Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences,2004(2):183-192.
[4]Barron L M.Alinear model and topology for the host-inclu-sion mineral system involving diamond[J].The Canadian Mineralogist,2005,43:203-224.
[5]Barron L M.Asi mple model for the pressure preservationin-dex of inclusions in diamond[J].American Mineralogist,2003,88:1615-1619.
[6]Guiraud M,Powell R.p-V-Trelationships and mineral equi-libria in inclusions in minerals[J].Earth and Planetary Sci-ence Letters,2006,244:683-694.
[7]Jackson I,Rigden S M.Analysis ofp-V-Tdata:constraints on the thermoelastic properties of high-pressure minerals[J].Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors,1996,96:85-112.
[8]Kell G S.Density,thermal expansivity,and compressibility of liquid water from0to150℃:correlations and tables for at mospheric pressure and saturation reviewed and expressed on1968temperature scale[J].Journal of Chemical&Engi-neering Data,1975,20(1):97-105.
[9]Kuskov O,Kronrod V.Models of the internal structure of Callisto[J].Solar System Research,2005,39:283-301.
[10]Du J G,Li Z W,Wang C P,et al.Seismological significance and features of fluid anomalies occurred in Hohhot City in2003[J].Earthquake,2004(1):27-33(in Chinese).
[11]Duan Z H,Moller N,Weare J H.Molecular dynamics si mu-lation ofp-V-Tproperties of geological fluids and a general e-quation of state of nonpolar and weakly polar gases upto2000Kand20000bar[J].Geochi m Cosmochi m Acta,1992,56:3839-3845.
[12]Duan Z H,Moller N,Weare J H.Ageneral equation of statefor supercritical fluid mixtures and molecular dynamics si mu-lation of mixture PVTX properties[J].Geochi m Cosmochi m Acta,1996,60:1209-1216.
[13]Hu B Q,Wang F Z.Phase transformation booster in water during ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism[J].Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences,2001(1):13-18(in Chinese).
[14]He J,Zoller P.The equation of state of water to250and200MPa obtainedforma high pressure dilatometer[J].Reviewof Scientific Instruments,1991,62(5):1304-1308.
[15]Hu B Q,Wang F Z.Four key temperatures related to water in the lithosphere[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2001(3):110(in Chinese).
[16]Yu C W,Cen K,Bao Z Y,et al.Dynamics of the hydrother-mal ore-forming processes[M].Wuhan:China University of Geosciences Press,1993:263-306(in Chinese).
[17]Yu C W.Fractal dilatation of multiple hydraulic fracturing[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2004(1):11-44(in Chinese).
[18]Du L T,Ou G X.Genetic relationship between basin forma-tion,associated mineralization and mantle fluids[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2007(2):215-244(in Chinese).
[19]Yu C W.Complexity of geosystem:basic issues of geologicalscience(Ⅰ)[J].Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences,2002(5):509-519(in Chinese).
[2]胡宝群,王方正,孙占学,等.岩石圈中的地压梯度[J].地学前缘,2003,10(3):129-134.
[10]杜建国,李占维,王翠萍,等.2003年呼和浩特城区流体异常特征及其地震地质意义[J].地震,2004(1):27-33.
[13]胡宝群,王方正.超高压变质作用中水的相变增压[J].地球科学——中国地质大学学报,2001(1):13-18.
[15]胡宝群,王方正.岩石圈中4个与水有关的重要温度[J].地学前缘,2001(3):110.
[16]於崇文,岑况,鲍征宇,等.热液成矿作用动力学[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1993:263-306.
[17]於崇文.多重水力断裂的分形扩张[J].地学前缘,2004(1):11-44.
[18]杜乐天,欧光习.盆地形成及成矿与地幔流体间的成因联系[J].地学前缘,2007(2):215-244.
[19]於崇文.地质系统的复杂性——地质科学的基本问题(Ⅰ)[J].地球科学——中国地质大学学报,2002(5):509-519.
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