起伏地表下初值射线追踪的实现
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摘要
作为一种常规地震波场数值模拟方法,射线追踪在地震层析成像、旅行时反演等领域具有极其重要的作用。在山地和高原等地表起伏地区进行射线追踪时,需要做一些细节上的改进。首先根据三次样条函数及线性函数来描述起伏地表以及地下界面,然后给定射线的初始点和初始方向,逐步计算射线路径。射线在地下的反射和透射依据Snell定律,与地表面以及地下界面的交点可以通过求解射线与相应界面的联立方程来获得。
As a traditional method of wavefield numerical simulation, ray tracing plays a very important role in fields such as seismic tomography and travel time inversion. While carrying out ray tracing in mountains, altiplanos, or other rugged topography regions, one must make some improvements. Firstly describing the surface with cubic spline function or linear function, then computing ray paths from given initial position and direction. Reflections and transmissions follow Snell law. The cross points of ray with the topography or underground interface can be obtained by solving the equation system of ray and corresponding interface. Thus we realized initial value ray tracing under rugged surface conditions.
As a traditional method of wavefield numerical simulation, ray tracing plays a very important role in fields such as seismic tomography and travel time inversion. While carrying out ray tracing in mountains, altiplanos, or other rugged topography regions, one must make some improvements. Firstly describing the surface with cubic spline function or linear function, then computing ray paths from given initial position and direction. Reflections and transmissions follow Snell law. The cross points of ray with the topography or underground interface can be obtained by solving the equation system of ray and corresponding interface. Thus we realized initial value ray tracing under rugged surface conditions.
引文
1何樵登．地震勘探原理与方法[M]．北京:地质出版社, 1986．397
2杨文采,李幼铭．应用地震层析成像[M]．北京:地质出版社,1993．47～56
3张永刚．地震波场数值模拟方法[J]．石油物探,2003, 42(2):143-148
4佘德平．波场数值模拟技术[J]．勘探地球物理进展, 2004,27(1):18～21
5 Farra V. Ray tracing in complex media[J]. J Appl Geo-phys,1993,30(1):55-67
6 Kim W, Baag C E. Rapid and accurate two-point ray tracing based on a quadratic equation of takeoff angle in layered media with constant or linearly varying velocity functions[J]. Bull Seism Soc Amer,2002,92(2): 251-263
7 Thurber C H, Ellsworth W L. Rapid solution of ray tracing problem in heterogeneous medium[J]. Geophysical Journal International,1980,101:157-168
8蒋先艺．基于二维与三维复杂结构模型正演的地震数据采集设计方法研究:[学位论文][D]．成都:成都理工大学,2004．13～17
9吴国忱,王华忠,马在田．常速度梯度射线追踪与二维层速度反演[J]．石油物探,2003,42(4):436～438
10左建军．Wavetracing层析成像方法及其在井间地震中的应用[J]．勘探地球物理进展,2006,29(5):329～332
11朱介寿．地震学中的计算方法[M]．北京:地震出版社, 1988．606～615
12张世禄．计算方法[M]．成都:电子科技大学出版社, 1999．138～146
2杨文采,李幼铭．应用地震层析成像[M]．北京:地质出版社,1993．47～56
3张永刚．地震波场数值模拟方法[J]．石油物探,2003, 42(2):143-148
4佘德平．波场数值模拟技术[J]．勘探地球物理进展, 2004,27(1):18～21
5 Farra V. Ray tracing in complex media[J]. J Appl Geo-phys,1993,30(1):55-67
6 Kim W, Baag C E. Rapid and accurate two-point ray tracing based on a quadratic equation of takeoff angle in layered media with constant or linearly varying velocity functions[J]. Bull Seism Soc Amer,2002,92(2): 251-263
7 Thurber C H, Ellsworth W L. Rapid solution of ray tracing problem in heterogeneous medium[J]. Geophysical Journal International,1980,101:157-168
8蒋先艺．基于二维与三维复杂结构模型正演的地震数据采集设计方法研究:[学位论文][D]．成都:成都理工大学,2004．13～17
9吴国忱,王华忠,马在田．常速度梯度射线追踪与二维层速度反演[J]．石油物探,2003,42(4):436～438
10左建军．Wavetracing层析成像方法及其在井间地震中的应用[J]．勘探地球物理进展,2006,29(5):329～332
11朱介寿．地震学中的计算方法[M]．北京:地震出版社, 1988．606～615
12张世禄．计算方法[M]．成都:电子科技大学出版社, 1999．138～146
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