济阳坳陷古近系软沉积变形层中的砂岩脉特征
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摘要
利用钻井岩心观察、岩石薄片鉴定、油气井测试等手段,对渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷古近系砂岩脉的类型、成因的研究结果表明,济阳坳陷古近系软沉积变形层中的砂岩脉形态复杂,类型多样。根据其形态特征与赋存条件,可分为喉道状砂岩脉、脉络状砂岩脉、飘带状砂岩脉和裂缝充注型砂岩脉4种主要类型。震动流体化作用是形成喉道状砂岩脉的主要成因机制,脉络状砂岩脉和飘带状砂岩脉与震动液化挤压作用有关,裂缝充注型砂岩脉则主要形成于震动拉张裂缝充填作用。对砂岩脉的研究有助于寻找有工业价值的油气藏以及推断古沉积背景和古地震的震级。
The core observation,thin-section analysis and oil well testing were used to research the types and origins of sand dikes in the Paleogene soft-sediments of Jiyang Depression.The result shows that there are four kinds of sand dikes including throat-like sand dikes,venation-like sand dikes,zonary sand dikes and crack-filling sand dikes.The sand dikes in Jiyang Depression are mainly related to the ancient earthquake.The shaking-fluidization may be the main mechanism to form throat-like sand dikes.The venation-like sand dikes and zonary sand dikes may be related to the shaking-liquefaction-pushing.The crack-filling sand dikes are generated under the shaking-pulling crack-filling actions.The research on sand dikes is favorable for exploration of hydrocarbon reservoirs and for deducing ancient deposition setting and ancient earthquake grade.
The core observation,thin-section analysis and oil well testing were used to research the types and origins of sand dikes in the Paleogene soft-sediments of Jiyang Depression.The result shows that there are four kinds of sand dikes including throat-like sand dikes,venation-like sand dikes,zonary sand dikes and crack-filling sand dikes.The sand dikes in Jiyang Depression are mainly related to the ancient earthquake.The shaking-fluidization may be the main mechanism to form throat-like sand dikes.The venation-like sand dikes and zonary sand dikes may be related to the shaking-liquefaction-pushing.The crack-filling sand dikes are generated under the shaking-pulling crack-filling actions.The research on sand dikes is favorable for exploration of hydrocarbon reservoirs and for deducing ancient deposition setting and ancient earthquake grade.
引文
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[18]Cojan I,Thiry M.Seismically induced deformation structures inOligocene shallow-marine and aolian coastal sands(Paris Basin)[J].Tectonophysics,1992,206(1/2):79-89.
[19]Guiraud M,Plaziait J C.Seismites in the fluviatile Bima sand-stones:Identification of paleoseisms and discussion their magni-tudes in a Cretaceous synsedimentary strike-slip basin(Upper Be-nue,Nigeria)[J].Tectonophysics,1993,225(4):493-522.
[20]乔秀夫,高林志,彭阳,等.古郯庐带沧浪铺阶地震事件、层序及构造意义[J].中国科学:D辑,2001,31(11):911-918.Qiao Xiufu,Gao Linzhi,Peng Yang,et al.Seismic event,sequenceand tectonic significance in Canglangpu Stage in Paleo-TanluFault Zone[J].Science in China:Series D,2001,31(11):911-918.
[2]Obermeier S F,Martain J R,Frankel A D,et al.Liquefaction evi-dence for one or more strong Holocene earthquakes in the Wa-bash Valley of southern Indiana and Illinois,with a preliminaryestimate of magnitude[R].U.S.Geological Survey ProfessionalPaper1536,1993:27.
[3]Martel A T,Gibling M R.Clastic dykes of the Devono-Carbonif-erous Horton Bluff Formation,Nova Scotia:Storm-related struc-tures in shallow lakes[J].Sedimentary Geology,1993,87(1):103-119.
[4]Rodriguez-Pascua M A,Calvo J P,de Vicente G,et al.Soft-sedi-ment deformation structures interpreted as seismites in lacustrinesediments of the Prebetic Zone,SE Spain,and their potential useas indicators of earthquake magnitudes during the late Miocene[J].Sedimentary Geology,2000,135(1/4):117-135.
[5]Roep T B,Everts A J.Pillow-beds:A new type of seismites?Anexample from an Oligocene turbidite fan complex,Alicante,Spain[J].Sedimentology,1992,39(5):711-724.
[6]乔秀夫,彭阳,高林志.桂西北二叠纪灰岩墙(脉)的地震成因解释[J].地质通报,2002,21(2):102-104.Qiao Xiufu,Peng Yang,Gao Linzhi.Interpretation of the seismicorigin of Permian limestone dikes in Northwestern Guangxi[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2002,21(2):102-104.
[7]乔秀夫,宋天锐,高林志,等.碳酸盐岩振动液化地震序列[J].地质学报,1994,68(1):16-32.Qiao Xiufu,Song Tianrui,Gao Linzhi,et al.Seismic sequence incarbonate rocks by vibrational liquefaction[J].Acta GeologicaSinica,1994,68(1):16-32.
[8]陈世悦,袁文芳,鄢继华.济阳坳陷早第三纪震积岩的发现及其意义[J].地质科学,2003,38(3):377-384.Chen Shiyue,Yuan Wenfang,Yan Jihua.Discovery and signifi-cance of earthquake event deposits of Early Tertiary in JiyangDepression[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,2003,38(3):377-384.
[9]袁静.山东惠民凹陷古近纪震积岩特征及其地质意义[J].沉积学报,2004,22(1):41-46.Yuan Jing.The property and geological significance of seismitesof Paleogene in Huimin Sag,Shandong Province[J].Acta Sedim-entologica Sinica,2004,22(1):41-46.
[10]杨剑萍,王辉,陈世悦,等.济阳坳陷古近系震积岩特征[J].沉积学报,2004,22(2):281-287.Yang Jianping,Wang Hui,Chen Shiyue,et al.The features ofseismites in Jiyang Sub-basin,Paleogene[J].Acta Sedimentologi-ca Sinica,2004,22(2):281-287.
[11]袁静.中国震积作用和震积岩研究进展[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,2005,29(1):144-149.Yuan Jing.Research of seismic deposition and seismites of China[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum,China:Edition ofNatural Science,2005,29(1):144-149.
[12]Ricci L F.Sedimentological indicators of paleoseismicity[G]∥Serva L,Slemmons D B.Perspectives in paleoseismology.Associ-ation of Engineering Geologists Special Publication6,1995:7-17.
[13]田洪水,袁静,张慎河,等.沂沭断裂带及其近区不同地质时期地震液化脉构造对比[J].沉积学报,2006,8(4):496-501.Tian Hongshui,Yuan Jing,Zhang Shenhe,et al.The correlationof liquefied vein structures caused by earthquake in different geo-logical periods in the Yishu Fault Zone and its vicinity[J].ActaSedimentologica Sinica,2006,8(4):496-501.
[14]Moretti Massimo,Pieri Piero,Tropeano Marcello.Late Pleisto-cene soft-sediment deformation structure interpreted as seismitesin paralic deposits in the city of Bari(Apulian foreland,southernItaly)[G].Geological Society of America Special Paper359,2002:75-85.
[15]Mariotti Goffredo,Corda Laura,Brandano Marco,et al.Indicatorsof paleoseismicity in the lower to middle Miocene GuadagnoloFormation,Central Apennines,Italy[G].Geological Society of A-merica Special Paper359,2002:87-98.
[16]Pratt B R.Syneresis cracks:Subaqueous shrinkage in argillaceoussediments cause by earthquake-induced dewatering[J].Sedimen-tary Geology,1998,117(1/2):1-10.
[17]龚再升.中国近海新生代盆地至今仍然是油气成藏的活跃期[J].石油学报,2005,26(6):1-6.Gong Zaisheng.Cenozoic China offshore basins keeping active hy-drocarbon accumulation to present[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2005,26(6):1-6.
[18]Cojan I,Thiry M.Seismically induced deformation structures inOligocene shallow-marine and aolian coastal sands(Paris Basin)[J].Tectonophysics,1992,206(1/2):79-89.
[19]Guiraud M,Plaziait J C.Seismites in the fluviatile Bima sand-stones:Identification of paleoseisms and discussion their magni-tudes in a Cretaceous synsedimentary strike-slip basin(Upper Be-nue,Nigeria)[J].Tectonophysics,1993,225(4):493-522.
[20]乔秀夫,高林志,彭阳,等.古郯庐带沧浪铺阶地震事件、层序及构造意义[J].中国科学:D辑,2001,31(11):911-918.Qiao Xiufu,Gao Linzhi,Peng Yang,et al.Seismic event,sequenceand tectonic significance in Canglangpu Stage in Paleo-TanluFault Zone[J].Science in China:Series D,2001,31(11):911-918.
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