四川盆地长兴组生物礁气藏及天然气勘探
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摘要
四川盆地上二叠统长兴组主要发育了平原河流相、海陆交互相、碳酸盐岩台地浅缓坡相、台地边缘礁相、开梁海槽相和蜀北—鄂西海盆相,具有形成生物礁气藏的有利生、储、盖条件。为提高地震预测生物礁异常的可靠性,根据已知礁体地质特征及相应的地震反射特征,经过反复研究,于20世纪末成功建立了生物礁地震异常识别模式,在川东发现生物礁异常182个。据沉积相研究,发现开梁海槽两侧至鄂西存在一台地边缘礁相,其上已发现36个边缘礁地震异常,这些边缘礁面积大,钻探证实储量、产量高,是很有价值的勘探领域,预测该相带向北西很可能延伸至盆地西缘。台地浅缓坡相发育大量点礁,仅盆地东部即已发现146个点礁地震异常,预测盆地中部广大地区都很可能是点礁发育区。图6表2参18
Plain fluvial facies,paralic facies,shallow gentle slope facies on carbonate platforms,platform marginal reef facies,Kailiang trench facies,and northern Sichuan-western Hubei ocean basin facies are developed in the Permian Changxing Formation and have favorable source-reservoir-seal conditions.To improve the seismic prediction reliability of biohermal anomalies,an identifying model of biohermal seismic anomalies was established in late 1990s based on the geological features of known reefs and the corresponding seismic reflection features,and 182 biohermal anomalies were found in eastern Sichuan.Researches on sedimentary facies reveal a platform marginal reef facies from both sides of the Kailiang trench to west Hubei,and the seismic anomalies of 36 marginal reefs have been found there.These marginal reefs have large areas and high drill proved reserves.The facies belt is likely to extend to the western margin of the basin.Many point reefs are developed on the slope platform facies,and 146 seismic anomalies of point reefs are found in eastern basin.Point reefs are possibly developed widely in central basin.
Plain fluvial facies,paralic facies,shallow gentle slope facies on carbonate platforms,platform marginal reef facies,Kailiang trench facies,and northern Sichuan-western Hubei ocean basin facies are developed in the Permian Changxing Formation and have favorable source-reservoir-seal conditions.To improve the seismic prediction reliability of biohermal anomalies,an identifying model of biohermal seismic anomalies was established in late 1990s based on the geological features of known reefs and the corresponding seismic reflection features,and 182 biohermal anomalies were found in eastern Sichuan.Researches on sedimentary facies reveal a platform marginal reef facies from both sides of the Kailiang trench to west Hubei,and the seismic anomalies of 36 marginal reefs have been found there.These marginal reefs have large areas and high drill proved reserves.The facies belt is likely to extend to the western margin of the basin.Many point reefs are developed on the slope platform facies,and 146 seismic anomalies of point reefs are found in eastern basin.Point reefs are possibly developed widely in central basin.
引文
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[2]曾鼎乾,刘炳温,黄蕴明.中国各地质历史时期生物礁[A].曾鼎乾地质论文选[C].北京:石油工业出版社,1995.174-251.
[3]陈劲人,银玉光.建南气田长兴组生物礁气藏的勘探实践[J].石油勘探与开发,1981,10(2):27-33.
[4]中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所.西南地区古生物手册[M].北京:科学出版社,1974.52-58.
[5]范嘉松,张维,马行,等.鄂西二叠系生物礁的基本特征及其发育规律[J].地质科学,1982,(3):274-282.
[6]王一刚,刘划一,文应初,等.川东上二叠统生物礁气藏形成条件及勘探目标研究[R].成都:四川石油管理局,1998.
[7]罗志立.中国西南地区晚古生代以来地裂运动对石油等矿产形成的影响[J].四川地质学报,1981,2(1):1-22.
[8]陈宗清.川东石炭系天然气富集因素[J].石油与天然气地质,1983,4(3):310-317.
[9]杜远生,殷鸿福,王冶平.秦岭造山带晚加里东—早海西期的盆地格局与构造演化[J].地球科学-中国地质大学学报,1997,22(4):401-405.
[10]方少仙.湖北利川见天坝上二叠统海绵礁中的硅化作用[J].沉积学报,1983,1(4):29-36.
[11]刘宝珺.沉积岩石学[M].北京:地质出版社,1980.424-430.
[12]陈宗清.卧龙河气田天然气富集因素解剖[J].石油学报,1990,11(4):1-7.
[13]赵献文.川东石宝1井上二叠统长兴组潜伏生物礁研究与勘探意义[J].天然气勘探与开发,1987,(2):158-159.
[14]王世谦,陈盛吉,陈宗清,等.四川盆地油气资源评价[R].成都:四川石油管理局,2002.
[15]黄先平,向阳,付瑜,等.川中、川北地区上二叠统长兴组生物礁分布探索性研究[R].成都:四川石油管理局,1990.
[16]兰贵,朱永刚,张豫,等.川西北广元—旺苍地区二、三叠系含油气地质评价及勘探目标评选[R].成都:四川石油管理局,2002.
[17]强子同,郭一华,张帆,等.四川上二叠统老龙洞生物礁及其成岩作用[J].天然气勘探与开发,1987,(2):78-88.
[18]曹志斌.川中地区加里东古隆起上古生界风化壳及储层的地震道信息研究总结报告[R].成都:四川石油管理局,1991.
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