基于PC机群波动方程叠前深度偏移的并行计算策略
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摘要
基于波动方程的叠前深度偏移技术是解决复杂地质地貌地区地震成像的一种非常有效的手段,但是在实际应用中面临着数据量巨大和计算量巨大的双重困难。以PC机集群为硬件环境,以MPI消息传递并行编程环境为并行程序设计平台,研究设计出请求分配作业的主从模式来实现波动方程叠前深度偏移的并行计算,从而解决了动态负载均衡难题,采用的作业登记与分析技术解决了容错处理问题。理论模型数据和实际地震资料测试结果表明:程序运行稳定,并行效率高。对我国东部地区某三维地震数据进行了处理,用请求分配作业的主从模式比平均分配作业的主从模式节省了23.68%的时间。
Prestack depth migration based on wave equation is an efficient tool for seismic imaging in area with complex topography and geology characteristics.In practical application,however,it is confronted with two difficulties of enormous data volume and huge computation cost.Therefore,based on the PC Cluster and Message Passing Interface(MPI) program development environment,Job-by-Application master-slaver scheme was designed to implement the parallel computing of wave equation prestack depth migration.This method solved the problem of dynamic load balancing.Job registration and analysis approach used in this method settled the problem of fault-tolerance processing.The result with both theoretical model data and field data showed that this parallel program was correct,the running of the program was stable,and the efficiency was desirable.The Job-by-Application master-slaver scheme saved 23.68% time by using Job-by-average-allocation master-slaver scheme in processing one of 3D seismic data in eastern China.
Prestack depth migration based on wave equation is an efficient tool for seismic imaging in area with complex topography and geology characteristics.In practical application,however,it is confronted with two difficulties of enormous data volume and huge computation cost.Therefore,based on the PC Cluster and Message Passing Interface(MPI) program development environment,Job-by-Application master-slaver scheme was designed to implement the parallel computing of wave equation prestack depth migration.This method solved the problem of dynamic load balancing.Job registration and analysis approach used in this method settled the problem of fault-tolerance processing.The result with both theoretical model data and field data showed that this parallel program was correct,the running of the program was stable,and the efficiency was desirable.The Job-by-Application master-slaver scheme saved 23.68% time by using Job-by-average-allocation master-slaver scheme in processing one of 3D seismic data in eastern China.
引文
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[2]Biondi B,Palacharla G.3-D prestack migration ofcommon-azimuth data[J].Geophysics,1996,61(6):1822-1832.
[3]Sun Y H,Qin F H,Checkles S,et al.2-D prestackKirchhoff beam migration for depth imaging[J].Geo-physics,2000,65(5):1592-1603.
[4]Albertin U,Woodward M,Kapoor J.Depth imagingexamples and methodology in the gulf of Mexico[J].The Lead Edge,2001,20(5):498-513.
[5]王真理,扬长春,张洪宙,等.二维叠前深度偏移的并行算法[J].石油地球物理勘探,1997,32(6):784-788,817.WANG Zhen-li,YANG Chang-chun,ZHANG Hong-zhou,et al.Parallel algorithm for 2-D prestack depthmigration[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1997,32(6):784-788,817.
[6]王有新,张关泉.三维叠前深度偏移及其并行实现[J].石油地球物理勘探,1997,32(3):365-369.WANG You-xin,ZHANG Guan-quan.3-D prestackdepth migration and it’s parallel impletation[J].OilGeophysical Prospecting,1997,32(3):365-369.
[7]张文生,张关泉,宋海斌.高精度混合法叠前深度偏移及其并行实现[J].地球物理学报,2001,44(4):542-551.ZHANG Wen-sheng,ZHANG Guan-quan,SONGHai-bin.Prestack depth migration by hybrid methodwith high precision and its parallel implementation[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2001,44(4):542-551.
[8]匡斌,徐兆涛,张明振,等.并行三维叠前深度偏移在桩西古潜山的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(4):307-310.KUANG Bin,XU Zhao-tao,ZHANG Ming-zhen,etal.Application of parallel 3-D pre-stack depth migra-tion to seismic data from buried hills in ZX area[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2002,37(4):307-310.
[9]李克臣,黄刘生.PC Cluster实现三维叠前深度偏移并行计算的负载平衡策略[J].计算机应用,2003,23(1):18-20.LI Ke-chen,HUANG Liu-sheng,Load balance indepth migration parallel computation of 3 D wave equa-tion prestack[J].Computer Applications,2003,23(1):18-20.
[10]Bhardwaj D,Phadke S,Yerneni S.On improvingperformance of migration algorithms using MPI andMPI-IO[C]//Soc Expl Geophys,70th Annual In-ternational Meeting.Calgary:[s.n.],2000:996-999.
[11]Keehm Y,Mukerji T,Nur A.Efficient parallel im-plementation of two-phase Lattic-Boltzmann flow sim-ulation[C]//72nd International Symposium of SocExpl Geophys.Salt Lake City:[s.n.],2002:1829-1832.
[12]殷文,印兴耀,张繁昌.基于并行遗传算法的地震属性优化研究[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2005,35(5):672-676.YIN Wen,YIN Xing-yao,ZHANG Fan-chang.Astudy on seismic attribute optimization based onparallel genetic algorithm[J].Journal of Jilin Univer-sity(Earth Science Edition),2005,35(5):672-676.
[2]Biondi B,Palacharla G.3-D prestack migration ofcommon-azimuth data[J].Geophysics,1996,61(6):1822-1832.
[3]Sun Y H,Qin F H,Checkles S,et al.2-D prestackKirchhoff beam migration for depth imaging[J].Geo-physics,2000,65(5):1592-1603.
[4]Albertin U,Woodward M,Kapoor J.Depth imagingexamples and methodology in the gulf of Mexico[J].The Lead Edge,2001,20(5):498-513.
[5]王真理,扬长春,张洪宙,等.二维叠前深度偏移的并行算法[J].石油地球物理勘探,1997,32(6):784-788,817.WANG Zhen-li,YANG Chang-chun,ZHANG Hong-zhou,et al.Parallel algorithm for 2-D prestack depthmigration[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1997,32(6):784-788,817.
[6]王有新,张关泉.三维叠前深度偏移及其并行实现[J].石油地球物理勘探,1997,32(3):365-369.WANG You-xin,ZHANG Guan-quan.3-D prestackdepth migration and it’s parallel impletation[J].OilGeophysical Prospecting,1997,32(3):365-369.
[7]张文生,张关泉,宋海斌.高精度混合法叠前深度偏移及其并行实现[J].地球物理学报,2001,44(4):542-551.ZHANG Wen-sheng,ZHANG Guan-quan,SONGHai-bin.Prestack depth migration by hybrid methodwith high precision and its parallel implementation[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2001,44(4):542-551.
[8]匡斌,徐兆涛,张明振,等.并行三维叠前深度偏移在桩西古潜山的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(4):307-310.KUANG Bin,XU Zhao-tao,ZHANG Ming-zhen,etal.Application of parallel 3-D pre-stack depth migra-tion to seismic data from buried hills in ZX area[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2002,37(4):307-310.
[9]李克臣,黄刘生.PC Cluster实现三维叠前深度偏移并行计算的负载平衡策略[J].计算机应用,2003,23(1):18-20.LI Ke-chen,HUANG Liu-sheng,Load balance indepth migration parallel computation of 3 D wave equa-tion prestack[J].Computer Applications,2003,23(1):18-20.
[10]Bhardwaj D,Phadke S,Yerneni S.On improvingperformance of migration algorithms using MPI andMPI-IO[C]//Soc Expl Geophys,70th Annual In-ternational Meeting.Calgary:[s.n.],2000:996-999.
[11]Keehm Y,Mukerji T,Nur A.Efficient parallel im-plementation of two-phase Lattic-Boltzmann flow sim-ulation[C]//72nd International Symposium of SocExpl Geophys.Salt Lake City:[s.n.],2002:1829-1832.
[12]殷文,印兴耀,张繁昌.基于并行遗传算法的地震属性优化研究[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2005,35(5):672-676.YIN Wen,YIN Xing-yao,ZHANG Fan-chang.Astudy on seismic attribute optimization based onparallel genetic algorithm[J].Journal of Jilin Univer-sity(Earth Science Edition),2005,35(5):672-676.
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