叠前弹性参数反演方法及其应用
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摘要
叠前时间偏移和AVO反演相结合的叠前弹性参数反演技术为岩性和隐蔽性油气藏勘探提供了较为有效的储层识别方法。依据弹性波传播的基本理论和平面纵波入射的反射和透射Zoeppritz方程,给出了计算弹性参数的公式。算法实现的基本原理是:首先将叠前时间偏移的共反射点(CRP)道集转化为角道集;然后基于角道集应用最小平方方法进行优化求解,得到各弹性参数剖面;最后通过计算结果建立地质模型,并进行反演,进而进行储层描述和含油性预测。利用理论模型对叠前弹性参数反演方法进行了验证,结果显示方法的计算误差较小。将方法应用于复杂陆相断陷盆地地震资料反演,并与商业软件的反演结果进行了对比分析,结果表明,叠前弹性参数反演方法的分辨率较高,钻井资料证实其储层预测精度也较高。
Pre-stack elastic parameter inversion combines pre-stack time migration and AVO inversion algorithm,which provides an effective reservoir prediction approach for lithological and subtle reservoir exploration.The elastic parameter inversion formula is given according to the fundamental theory of elastic wave propagation and the Zoeppritz equation for plane wave reflection and transmission. The basic principles are as follows:firstly,CRP(common reflection point) gather are transformed into angle gather after prestack time migration;then,least-square method is used to get optimization resolution based on angle gather,and obtain all elastic parameter sections;finally,the reservoir description and hydrocarbon prediction are carried out based on the established geological model by estimated elastic parameters and results from following elastic parameter inversion.The inversion result of theoretical model data demonstrates that the solution error is small.The inversion algorithm was applied to seismic data in complex continental downfaulted basin,comparing to the result of commercial inversion software, we can conclude that the pre-stack elastic parameter inversion has higher resolution,and also,the precision of reservoir prediction is verified to be high by the drilling data.
Pre-stack elastic parameter inversion combines pre-stack time migration and AVO inversion algorithm,which provides an effective reservoir prediction approach for lithological and subtle reservoir exploration.The elastic parameter inversion formula is given according to the fundamental theory of elastic wave propagation and the Zoeppritz equation for plane wave reflection and transmission. The basic principles are as follows:firstly,CRP(common reflection point) gather are transformed into angle gather after prestack time migration;then,least-square method is used to get optimization resolution based on angle gather,and obtain all elastic parameter sections;finally,the reservoir description and hydrocarbon prediction are carried out based on the established geological model by estimated elastic parameters and results from following elastic parameter inversion.The inversion result of theoretical model data demonstrates that the solution error is small.The inversion algorithm was applied to seismic data in complex continental downfaulted basin,comparing to the result of commercial inversion software, we can conclude that the pre-stack elastic parameter inversion has higher resolution,and also,the precision of reservoir prediction is verified to be high by the drilling data.
引文
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7孟宪军,慎国强,王玉梅,等.叠前AVA地震纵横波阻抗同步反演技术研究[J].石油物探,2004,43(增刊): 53-55
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12 Debski W,Tarantola A.Information on elastic parametersobtained from the amplitudes of reflected waves [J].Geophysics,1995,60(5):1 426- 1 436
13唐旭东,甘利灯,李凌高.转换波反射系数近似公式及精度分析[J].石油物探,2008,47(2):150-155
14 Tarantola A.A strategy for nonlinear elastic inversion of seismic reflection data[J].Geophysics,1986,51 (10):1 983-1 903
15 Aki K,Richards P G.Quantitative seismology[M]. New York,USA:W.H.Freeman and Company,1980. 1-50
2 Fatti J L,Vail P J,Smith G C,et al.Detection of gas in sandstone reservoirs using AVO analysis:a 3-D seismic case history using the Geostack technique[J].Geophysics, 1994,59(9):1 362-1 376
3 Duffaut K,Landro M.v_P/v_S ratio versus differential stress and rock consolidation—a comparison between rock models and time- lapse AVO data[J].Geophysics, 2007,72(5):81-94
4黄中玉,赵金州.纵波和转换波AVO联合反演技术[J].石油物探,2004,43(4):319-322
5陈建江,印兴耀.基于贝叶斯理论的AVO三参数波形反演[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(4):1 251-1 260
6彭苏萍,高云峰,杨瑞召,等.AVO探测煤层瓦斯富集的理论探讨和初步实践——以淮南煤田为例[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(6):1 475-1 486
7孟宪军,慎国强,王玉梅,等.叠前AVA地震纵横波阻抗同步反演技术研究[J].石油物探,2004,43(增刊): 53-55
8 Connolly P.Elastic impedance[J].The Leading Edge, 1999,18(4):438-452
9甘利灯,赵邦六,杜文辉,等.弹性阻抗在岩性和流体预测中的潜力分析[J].石油物探,2005,44(5):504- 508
10 Shuey R.A simplification of the Zoeppritz equations [J].Geophysics,1985,50(4):609-614
11 Ursin B,Tjaland E.Information content of the elastic reflection matrix[J].Expanded Abstracts of 62~(nd) Annual SEG Mtg,1992,796-799
12 Debski W,Tarantola A.Information on elastic parametersobtained from the amplitudes of reflected waves [J].Geophysics,1995,60(5):1 426- 1 436
13唐旭东,甘利灯,李凌高.转换波反射系数近似公式及精度分析[J].石油物探,2008,47(2):150-155
14 Tarantola A.A strategy for nonlinear elastic inversion of seismic reflection data[J].Geophysics,1986,51 (10):1 983-1 903
15 Aki K,Richards P G.Quantitative seismology[M]. New York,USA:W.H.Freeman and Company,1980. 1-50
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